♂, Nan, Thailand.		♀, Chanthaburi, Thailand.
♂, Chanthaburi, Thailand.		♂, Champasak, Laos.
♂, Chanthaburi, Thailand.	♂, Nan, Thailand.	♂, Cham Pasak, Laos.	♀, Ban Lao, Laos.
♂, Khanchanaburi, Thailand.		♀, Khanchanaburi, Thailand.
♂, Phetchaburi, Thailand.		♀, Phetchaburi, Thailand.
♀, Dong Nai, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito)		♀, Dong Nai, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito)

ON : Papilio macareus indochinensis Fruhstorfer, 1901 OD : Soc. ent. 16(14):106. TL : Birma, Siam, Tonkin, Annam. Distribution : Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam. S.Yunnan. ● ssp.burmensis ● transition zone of burmensis and indochinensis ● ssp.indochinensis ● ssp.perakensis

Papilio striatus Lathy, 1899 : Entomologist 32:149. TL. ;Siam. (homonym)
Papilio macareus indochinensis ab. argentiferus Fruhstorfer, 1901 : Soc. ent. 16(14):106. TL. Siam. (IFS)
Paranticopsis macareus dawna Tytler,1939 : J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 41(2):239. TL. Burma. (NHML)

striatus ; ♂, Type (red), #149411, Siam. (NHML, examined)
dawna ; ♂, Type HT (red), #149409, 13.4.25. Ta-ok Plateau, Dawna Range, 4000 ft. (NHML, examined)

[ THAILAND ]
Papilio macareus striatus f.temp. striatus ab.argentiferus ; Fruhstorfer,1903 : 221-227. (Muok-Lek)
Papilio macareus indochinensis ; Jordan,1909 : 104. (Siam)
Papilio macareus indochinensis ; Godfrey,1916 : 112.
Papilio macareus indochinensis ab.argentiferus ; Godfrey,1916 : 112. (Phetchaburi River)
Papilio macareus indochinensis ; Godfrey,1927 : 120. (N)
Papilio macareus indochinensis ; Godfrey,1930 : 219. (Prae: Me Song forest; Pak Jong; Phetchaburi River; Chiang Mai)
Chilasa clytia clytia (f. lankswara) ; Pinratana,1977 : 26, fig.P18f,♀. (Loei: Phu Kieu; Rayong)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Pinratana,1977 : 60, figs.P50b♂,♂(Un). (N.E / E)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Pinratana & Eliot,1992 : 33,45, pl.59, figs.49b♂,♀. (Chanthaburi; Chonburi; Nakhon Nayok; Nakhon Ratchasima)
Paranticopsis macareus burmensis ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 112, pl.28, fig.P57a♂. (in part)
Paranticopsis macareus indochinensis ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 112, pl.28, fig.P57b♀. (in part)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 134, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Thung Saleng Luang; Phu Khiewo; Nakohn Nayork; Wan Nam Khiewo; Kao Soi Dao; Khao Khiewo)
Graphium macareus dawna ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 134, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Thung Yai; Sai York Noi; Kaeng Krachan)
Graphium macareus burmensis ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 112, pl.28, fig.54a♂. (in part)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 112, pl.28, fig.P54b♀. (in part)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Chaianunporn & Chaianunporn,2019 : 87. (Chaiyaphum: Chulabhorn Dam)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2022- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Udon Thani; Sa Kaeo; Phetchaburi) (accessed: 2023.05.18)

[ LAOS ]
Papilio macareus f. lioneli ; Dubois & Vitalis,1914 : 151. (Laos)
Papilio macareus f. lioneli ; Dubois & Vitalis,1921 : 16. (Laos)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 48, pl.12, figs.5,♂,6,♂(Un),7,♂,8,♂(Un) ; pl.13, figs.1♀,2♀(Un). (Tha Ngone; Vang Vieng; Pakse; Dan Sum, Vientiane)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 201, pl.25, figs.♂,♀,♀,♂. (Lak Sao; Oudomxay; Xiang Khouang; Vang Vieng)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Cotton & Racheli,[2007] : 307-308. (Thabok; Hinboun; Lak Sao)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 41.
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Onodera,2022 : 10, pl.51, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un). (Bolikhamxai: Lak Sao; Oudomxai; Khammouan: Nahin)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Monastyrskii et al.,2011 : 128. (Phnom Samkos W.S.)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 113. (Pursat; Siem Reap)

[ VIETNAM ]
Papilio macareus ; Joannis,1901 : 331. (Tonkin: Cao Bang)
Papilio macareus striatus f.temp. indochinensis ; Fruhstorfer,1903 : 221-227. (Tonkin)
Papilio macareus striatus f.temp. striatus ab.argentiferus ; Fruhstorfer,1903 : 221-227. (Tonkin: Than-Moi / Annam: Xom Gom)
Papilio macareus indochinensis ; Jordan,1909 : 104. (Tonkin / Annam)
Papilio macareus indochinensis ; Metaye,1957 : 84. (N / C / S)
Papilio macareus indochinensis ab. argentiferus ; Metaye,1957 : 84. (N / C)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Ikeda et al.,1998 : 17, figs.5:9,♂,10:20(♂genitalia). (Cuc Phuong)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Shinkai,1999 : 61. (N: Tam Dao / S: Bao Lac)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Luong et al.,2004 : 1, 27, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006 : 10, figs.Pa-26,♂,♂. (Lam Dong: Dai Duc Me; Dong Nai: Dong Tien; Bin Thuan: Nam Cat Tien)
Graphium macareus ; Monastyrskii et al.,2006 : 38. (Thua Thien Hue: Bach Ma)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2007c : 36, fig.Pa-26,♀. (Dong Nai: Thac Mai)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Monastyrskii,2007 : 87-88, pl.28, fig.1a♂,1b♂,1c♀,1d♀. (throughout Vietnam)
Graphium macareus indochinensis ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 14. (N / C / S)

[ THAILAND ]
Nan : 10♂ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

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May

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Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chaiyaphum : 5♂ 3♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

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Phetchabun : 10♂ (photo).

Jan

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Kanchanaburi : 2♂ 1♀.

Jan

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Chanthaburi : 6♂ 2♀.

Jan

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Phetchaburi : 7♂ 1♀.

Jan

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[ LAOS ]
Bolikhamxai : 5♂.

Jan

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Mar

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Sep

Oct

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Dec

Khammouan : 4♂ 1♀.

Jan

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Oct

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Sekong : 1♂.

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Champasak : 11♂.

Jan

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[ VIETNAM ]
Dong Nai : 2♀.

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Dec

The butterfly is common in montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 20 - 900m). Males frequently come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.
Females are polymorphic, with male-like form mimicking Parantica aglea (Danainae) and black form mimicking Euploea species (Danainae). They look similar to the model in flight.
The boundary areas between ssp.burmensis and ssp.indochinensis, such as Phrae, N.Thailand and Tak, W.Thailand, seem to be a transition zone containing intermediate individuals. Further distributional research is needed.

Lathy, P.I.,1899 :
Notes on the Indo-Australian Papilios in the collection of Mr. H.J.Adams, F.E.S., with descriptions of new species.
Entomologist 32:147-149.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1901 : Neue Schmetterlinge aus Tonkin.
Soc. ent. 16(14):105-107.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1903 : Verzeichnis der in Tonkin, Annam und Siam gesammelten Papilioniden und Besprechung verwandter Formen.
Berl. ent. Z. 47:167-234.

Jordan, K.,1909 : Die Indo-Australische Tagfalter. Papilionidae in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde
9:97-104.

Tytler, H.,1939 : Notes on some new and interesting butterflies chiefly from Burma. pt.1.
J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 41(2):235-252.

♂, Phetchabun, Thailand.	♀, Chaiyaphum, Thailand.
♀, Chaiyaphum, Thailand.	♀, Chaiyaphum, Thailand.
♂, Nan, Thailand.	♂ (right), Phetchaburi, Thailand. (photo by T.Aoyama)
♂ with Graphium spp., Phetchabun Thailand.

1996.10.08 - 2023.08.31.