♂, Yala, Thailand.		♀, Yala, Thailand.
♂, Yala, Thailand.		♀, Yala, Thailand.	♀, Yala, Thailand.
♂, Yala, Thailand.		♂, Ranong, Thailand. (photo by A.M.Cotton)
♂, Narathiwat, Thailand. (photo by A.M.Cotton)		♂ genitalia, Narathiwat, Thailand.

ON : Papilio macareus perakensis Fruhstorfer, 1899 OD : Soc. ent. 14(7): 49. TL : "Ipoh, Perak" [Ipoh, Perak, W.Malaysia]. (NHML) Distribution : S.Myanmar, P.Thailand (South from Ranong), Langkawi, W.Malaysia. ● ssp.burmensis ● transition zone of burmensis and indochinensis ● ssp.indochinensis ● ssp.perakensis

♂, Type (red), #149410, Malaka. H.Fruhstorfer (NHML, examined)

[ THAILAND ]
Graphium macareus ; Pendlebury,1923 : 25. (Nakhon Sri Thammarat: Tai Sai River)
Papilio macareus indochinensis ; Godfrey,1932a : 264. (P)
Graphium macareus perakensis ; Pinratana,1977 : 60, figs.P50c♂,♂(Un). (P)
Graphium macareus perakensis ; Pinratana & Eliot,1992 : 34,45, pl.59, figs.49c♀. (in part)
Graphium macareus perakensis ; RDPB & DNP,2006-2008 : Butterflies in Hala-Bala Forest, fig.[♂]. (Narathiwat: Hala Bala) (last update: 2006.12.31 ; accessed: 2024.04.10)
Paranticopsis macareus perakensis ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 112, pl.29, figs.P57c♂,♀,♀(f.astyna). (Ranong)
Graphium macareus perakensis ; Les Day,2011-2022 : Samui Butterflies, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Koh Samui) (accessed: 2022.02.10)
Graphium macareus perakensis ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 134, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Khlong Naka; Ka Chong; Than To WF.)
Graphium macareus perakensis ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 112, pl.29, figs.P57c♂,♀,♀(f.astyna). (Ranong)
Graphium macareus perakensis ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. ('Chumphon'; Nakhon Si Thammarat) (accessed: 2023.05.18)
Arisbe macareus perakensis ; Küppers & Janikorn,2017 : 168, fig.Abb.Pa-135. (Phang Nga) (in part)
Graphium macareus (?) ; Maruyama,2018 : 26-27, figs.1,♀,2,♀(Un). (Samui Is)
Graphium macareus perakensis ; Maruyama,2018 : 26-27, figs.5,♀,6,♀(Un). (Samui Is)

[ THAILAND ]
Ranong : 1♂.

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Nakhon Si Thammarat : 2♀ (photo).

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Satun (Koh Tarutao) : 3♂.

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Yala : 19♂ 4♀ (incl. photo).

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Narathiwat : 4♂.

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The butterfly is common in montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 20 - 800m). Both sexes visit flowers. Males frequently come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.
Females are polymorphic, with male-like form mimicking Parantica aglea (Danainae) and black form mimicking Euploea species (Danainae). They look similar to the model in flight.
The record from Chumphon by Sophonviwatkul et al. is not identifiable from photos and may also be ssp.indochinensis. It needs to be confirmed by specimens. Further distributional research is needed.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1899 : Drei neue Papilios.
Soc. ent. 14(7): 49. (1.Jul.1899)

Maruyama, M.,2018 : A Graphium with an unknown wing pattern from Samui Island, S.Thailand
Butterflies 79: 26-27.

♂, Yala, Thailand.	♀, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
♂, Yala, Thailand.	♀, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
♂, Yala, Thailand.	♂, Yala, Thailand.

1996.10.08 - 2025.05.31.