Athyma zeroca galaesus
(Fruhstorfer, 1912)
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
♂, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by K.Yano) |
♀, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
♂ (bred), Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. |
♀ (bred), Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
♂, Lam Dong, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito) |
♀, Lam Dong, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito) |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
♀, Xiang Khouang, Laos. (photo by K.Saito) |
♀ (bred, var.), Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. |
ON :
Pantoporia zeroca galaesus Fruhstorfer, 1912
OD : In: Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 9: 632, fig.123e♂.
TL : "Siam" [Muok Lek, Saraburi, C.Thailand].
Distribution : C. & E.Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, C.Vietnam.
|
● ssp.galaesus |
|
● ssp.meinippus |
|
● ssp. |
|
 |
Type Materials Information
1♂ 1♀, Syntypes, Januar, Muok-Lek, 1000 ft, Siam, H.Fruhstorfer (MNHN, photo examined)
Records taken from Literature
[ THAILAND ]
Pantoporia zeroca galaesus ; Godfrey,1930 : 286. (Muak Lek; Pak Jong)
Athyma zeroca galaesus ; Pinratana & Eliot,1996 : 60. (Nakhon Nayok) (partim)
Athyma zeroca galaesus ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 416. (Khao Yai) (partim)
Athyma zeroca galaesus ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2024- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Saraburi; Nakhon Nayok) (accessed: 2024.05.01)
[ LAOS ]
Pantoporia zeroca f. galaesus ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 41. (Ban-Vang-Nam)
'Athyma zeroca galaesus ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 59, not fig. (list only)'
Athyma zeroca galaesus ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 207, pl.59, figs.♂(dsf),♂,♂(Un),♀. (Lak Sao; Nong Het; Phong Saly; Xiang Khouang)
Athyma zeroca galaesus ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 45.
Athyma zeroca galaesus ; Onodera,2022 : 40, pl.118, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Oudomxai)
[ CANBODIA]
Pantoporia galaesus ; Vitalis,1919 : 230. (Cambodge)
Athyma zeroca ; Monastyrskii et al.,2011 : 129. (Phnom Samkos W.S.)
Athyma zeroca galaesus ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 118. (Pursat)
[ VIETNAM ]
Athyma zeroca ; Monastyrskii et al.,2006 : 41. (Thua Thien Hue: Bach Ma)
Athyma zeroca meinippus ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006b : 26, fig.N-70,♂. (Lam Dong: Dambri)
Athyma zeroca meinippus ; Miyazaki et al.,2010 : 21, fig.N-70,♀. (Lam Dong: Gung Re)
Athyma zeroca galaesus ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 35. (C / S)
Athyma zeroca meinippus ; Monastyrskii,2019 : 4(2):29-30, pl.37, figs.2a♂,2b♂(Un),2c♀,2d♀(Un). (C: Pu Hoat; Pu Mat; Huong Son; Bach Ma; Chu Yang Sin; Da Teh) (partim)
Specimens Examined
[ THAILAND ]
Nakhon Nayok : 8♂ 5♀ (incl. photo by S.Sophonviwatkul, M.Hayashi and T.Aoyama).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Sa Kaeo : 1♂ (photo by S.Sophonviwatkul).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
[ LAOS ]
Xiang Khouang : 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
[ VIETNAM ]
Lam Dong : 2♂ 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Notes
The butterfly is not rare in montane forests at moderate elevations (Alt. 500 - 1300m).
Fruhstorfer (1913: 632) described the taxon galaesus, giving only the type locality as 'Siam' [Thailand], but examination of the syntypes revealed that they originated from Muok Lek in Saraburi Province, C. Thailand.
As described in the original description, females in this area do indeed bear pale orange markings, a characteristic shared by populations from central to E. Thailand, Laos and C. & S. Vietnam.
The females of populations from C. Vietnam tend to be more orange colour, but there is a high variation and some individuals are indistinguishable.
Some individuals in the Laos and C.N. Vietnam populations are slightly close to ssp.meinippus.
I provisionally treat all these as this taxon.
Further taxonomic and distributional studies are needed.
The female of this taxon was previously only known with an orange banded form, but a white banded form appeared in a bred specimen from Nakhon Nayok district.
The ratio of occurrence of both forms and comparisons with the Vietnamese population will be the subject of future work.
On the other hand, the population from Myanmar (Karen Hills) to north to north central Thailand, previously included in ssp.galaesus, seems to be a separate subspecies.
Literature
Fruhstorfer, H.,1912 : 6. Familie: Nymphalidae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde.
9: 617-632 (15.Oct.1912), Stuttgart, Alfred Kernen.
 |
 |
|
♂ (dsf), Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by T.Aoyama) |
♀, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by T.Aoyama) |
 |
 |
|
♂, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by T.Aoyama) |
♂ (dsf), Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by T.Aoyama) |
 |
 |
|
♀, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi) |
♀, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi) |
A Check list of Butterflies in Indo-China, Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM. Copyright © 1996- Y.Inayoshi.
