♂, Chiang Mai (Omkoi dist.), Thailand.		♀, Tak, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai (Omkoi dist.), Thailand.		♂, Chiang Mai (Omkoi dist.), Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai (Omkoi dist.), Thailand.		♂, Tak, Thailand.
♂, Tak, Thailand.		♂, Tak, Thailand.
♂, Kanchanaburi, Thailand.		♂, Kanchanaburi, Thailand.

ON : Ragadia critolaus Nicéville, 1893 OD : J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 7(3):322-323, pl.H, fig.1. TL : "Daunat Range, Middle Tenasserim, Burma" [Dawna Range, Myanmar]. (NZC) Distribution : Myanmar (Dawna Range), W.Thailand. [W.Malaysia] ● ssp.critolaus ● transition zone of critolaus and ssp. ● ssp. ● ? uncertain ● ssp. or sp. ● ssp. or sp.

Ragadia crisilda critolina Evans, 1923 : J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 29(3):789, pl.13, fig.D18.1,♂(Un). TL. 'Dawnas to S.Burma' [Dawna Range to S.Myanmar]. (NHML)

critolaus ; 1♂ 1♀ Types, Dawnat Range, Burma. (NZC) ; Sheela et al.,2019 : 244-245, figs.♂[♀], ♂[♀](Un), ♀[♂], ♀[♂](Un).
critolina ; Syntype 1♂, Rh.6207, #141966, 11.18, "Pagaye, Tavoy" [Dawei, Myanmar]. (NHML) ; Nakamura & Lang,2023 : pl.3, figs.2E-Up♂, 2E-Un♂(Un).

[ THAILAND ]
Ragadia critolaus ; Godfrey,1927 : 122. (Me Wong)
Ragadia crisilda critolaus ; Godfrey,1930 : 253. (Me Wong)
Ragadia crisilda critolaus ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 292. (Mae Wong) (in part)
Ragadia crisilda critolaus ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 292. (Mae Wong). (in part)
Ragadia critolaus clitolina ; Inayoshi,2019 : Butterflies in Indo-China, figs.1♂ 1♂(Un). (Kanchanaburi) (in part) (31.Aug.2019 last updated ; 31.Mar.2025 changed.)
Ragadia critolaus ; Nakamura & Lang, 2023 : 245, figs.2B(♂ & genialia),2C(♂ & genigalia). (Chiang Mai: Omkoi)

[ THAILAND ]
Chiang Mai (Omkoi dist.) : 9♂, (7♂ genitalia dissected).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Tak : 3♂ 2♀ (incl. photo by A.Giudici), (3♂ genitalia dissected).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Kanchanaburi : 6♂ (incl. photo), (2♂ genitalia dissected).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

-------------------------------------------------------------

Phetchaburi : 1♂ 1♀ (photo by T.Aoyama and A.Giudici).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

The butterfly is locally common in montane forests along the streams at moderate elevations (Alt. 700 - 1000m).
The relationship between Ragadia crisilda, Ragadia critolaus and closely related species has not been determined due to a number of different opinions. I tentatively treat Ragadia critolaus as a separate species based on the number and size of the ocelli on the UnH.
From the Dawna Range in Myanmar to western Thailand, individuals with well-developed white bands are found, but there is considerable variation. The population described by Evans as critolina has a slightly narrower white band. The specimens from Kanchanaburi, on the Thailand side of the type locality, certainly show a similar trend, but some individuals are indistinguishable from critolaus, so I treat it as a synonym of critolaus. Nakamura & Lang (2023) treated the populations from Thailand, Laos and Vietnam as "Ragadia crisilda critolina", but I disagree with them. I consider it is appropriate to treat them as Ragadia critolaus based on their respective characteristics. See Ragadia critolaus subsp. incertae sedis. The population from Phetchaburi is possibly this taxon, but is uncertain due to the lack of specimens.
There is a very similar taxon in the montane forests of W. Malaysia. It may be a relict species. Further distributional and taxonomic studies, including molecular analysis, are needed.

Nicéville, L. de,1893 : On new and little-known Butterflies from the Indo-Malayan Region.
J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 7(3):322-357, pls.H,I,J.

Evans, W.H.,1923 : The Identification of Indian Butterflies.
J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 29(1):230-260, pl.1-9 ; (2):519-537, pl.10-12 ; (3):780-797, pl.13-16 ; (4):890-907, pl.17-21.

Eliot, J.N.,2006 : Updating The Butterflies of the Malay Peninsula.
Malay. Nat. J. 59(1):1-49.

Nishimura, M.,2008 ; Taxonomic information on the genus Ragadia (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) in Indo-China.
Tyô to Ga 59(2):107-116.

Nakamura, N. & Lang, S.Y.,2023 : Re-examination of the genus Ragadia Westwood, [1851] from continental Asia focused on the Indochinese fauna, including descriptions of four new taxa (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae).
Neue ent. Nachr. 82:235-262.

♂, Kanchanaburi, Thailand.	♀, Tak, Thailand. (photo by A.Giudici)
♂, Kanchanaburi, Thailand.	♂, Kanchanaburi, Thailand.
♂, Kanchanaburi, Thailand.	♂ (territorial behavior), Kanchanaburi, Thailand.

Uncertain ssp. (Phetchaburi)
♂, Phetchaburi, Thailand. (photo by A.Giudici)	♀, Phetchaburi, Thailand. (photo by T.Aoyama)

2019.08.19 - 2025.03.31.