♂, Ranong (dsf), Thailand.		♀, Lampang (dsf), Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♀, Phetchaburi, Thailand.

ON : Papilio lemonias Linnaeus, 1758 OD : Syst. nat. (ed.10) 1:473. TL : 'Indiis' ["Canton" [Guangdong], China]. Distribution : India to Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Hainan, China, Langkawi, W.Malaysia.

Papilio aonis Linnaeus, 1758 : Syst. nat. (ed.10) 1:472. TL. 'Asia' ["Canton" [Guangdong], China].
Precis lemonias f. persicaria Fruhstorfer, 1912 : in Seitz, Grossschmett Erde 9:520. TL. "Kaschmir, Ceylon, Siam und Süd-Annam". (IFS)

[ THAILAND ]
Precis lemonias f. persicaria ; Fruhstorfer,1912 : 520. (Siam)
Precis lemonias aenaria ; Godfrey,1916 : 126.
Precis lemonias ; Pendlebury,1923 : 37-38. (Nakhon Sri Thammarat: Khao Ram; Tai Sai River)
Precis lemonias lemonias ; Godfrey,1927 : 123. (N)
Precis lemonias ; Godfrey,1930 : 272. (except P)
Precis lemonias ; Godfrey,1932a : 268. (P)
Precis lemonias aenaria ; Davidson & Macbeth,1938 : 73. (Lampang: Me Htam forest; Prayao: Me Tum forest)
Precis lemonias lemonias ; Pinratana,1979 : 24, figs.N34,♂(dsf),♂(dsf,Un),♂(wsf),♂(wsf,Un). (Chiang Mai; Bangkok; Nakhon Nayok; Nonthaburi; Nakhon Pathom)
Precis lemonias lemonias ; Pinratana,1979 : 24, figs.N34s♂(ab.). (Nakhon Pathom)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Pinratana & Eliot,1996 : 33, pl.14, figs.37,♂,♀. (Chiang Mai; Chaiyaphum; Nakhon Nayok; Bangkok; Kanchanaburi; Chanthaburi; Chonburi; Trang)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2000 : 254, fig.87.♂. (Mukdahan: Phu Sa Duak Bua ; Phu Pha Phung ; Ban Naudom)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2002 : 25. (Mukdahan: Ban Lao Kram; Ban Na Lak)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Yamaguchi, Aoki & Akiyama,2005 : 50. (Mukdahan: Ban Lao Kram; Phu Hin Khan; Phu Huai Sing; Ubon Ratchathani: Nam Tok Soi Sawan)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Katsuyama et al.,2005 : 69, fig.141.♂. (Umphang)
Jononia lemonias lemonias ; RDPB & DNP,2006-2008 : Butterflies in Hala-Bala Forest, fig.[♂]. (Narathiwat: Hala Bala) (last update: 2006.12.27 ; accessed: 2024.05.11)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 370, pl.159, figs.N38,♂,♂(Un). (Bangkok; Nakhon Pathom)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Les Day,2011-2022 : Samui Butterflies, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Koh Samui; Koh Phangan) (accessed: 2021.09.18)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 500, pl.223, figs.N386,♂,♂(Un). (Bangkok; Nakhon Pathom)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Okamoto et al.,2013 : 9. (Kanchanaburi: Mae Klong Station)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs., Early Stages. (Phetchabun; Bangkok; Chachoengsao; Chanthaburi; Trat) (accessed: 2023.09.22)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 59, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Chieng Dao; Doi Suthep; Doi Inthanon; Phu Khiewo; Sarika; Nakohn Nayork; Wan Nam Khiewo; Kratching WF; Bang Phra; Bangkok; Doi Musso; Sai York Noi; Erawan WF; Kuwai Yai; Kanchanaburi; Ka Chong; Thaleban)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Chaianunporn & Chaianunporn,2019 : 86. (Chaiyaphum: Chulabhorn Dam)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Küppers & Janikorn,2020 : 94, figs.Abb.N-563-566. (Phang Nga)

[ LAOS ]
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 55, pl.49, figs.7,♂,8,♂(Un) ; pl.50, figs.1,♀,2,♀(Un). (Luang Prabang; Tha Ngone; Pakse; Nam Moh; Vientiane; Nam Ngum Dam)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Osada, Uemura & Uehara,1999 : 205, pl.50, figs.♂,♀. (Thakhek)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Nimura & Wakahara,2005 : 41. (Thakhek)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 44.
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Onodera,2022 : 29, pl.97, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Khammouan: Lao Luang; Xiengkhouang: Muang Kham)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Junonia lemonias ; Onodera,2008 : 58. (Mondolkiri: Bousra)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Monastyrskii et al.,2011 : 129. (Phnom Samkos W.S.)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Kosterin,2019 : 97. (Koh Kong)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Kosterin,2019b : 30. (Ratanakiri; Mondulkiri)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Kosterin,2020 : 327. (Siem Reap)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 119. (Battambang; Kep; Koh Kong; Mondulkiri; Phnom Penh; Pursat; Ratanakiri; Siem Reap; Stueng Treng)

[ VIETNAM ]
Junonia lemonias ; Joannis,1901 : 321. (Tonkin: Cao Bang)
Precis lemonias f. persicaria ; Fruhstorfer,1912 : 520. (S.Annam)
Precis persiccata [sic] ; Vitalis,1919 : 227. (Annam)
Precis lemonias f. persicaria ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 37. (S.Annam)
Precis lemonias aenaria ; Godfrey,1919 : 467. (S: Daban)
Precis lemonias aenaria ; Moulton,1923 : 130. (Pulo Condore)
Precis aonis ; Lemée,1950 : 12. (Hanoi)
Precis lemonias lemonias f.aest. lemonias ; Metaye,1957 : 94. (N / C / S)
Precis lemonias lemonias f.hib. aonis ; Metaye,1957 : 94. (N / C / S)
Precis lemonias persicaria ; Metaye,1957 : 94. (C)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Luong et al.,2004 : 6, 60, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Junonia lemonias ; Monastyrskii et al.,2006 : 41. (Thua Thien Hue: Huong Thuy; Bach Ma)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006b : 17, figs.N-25.♂,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri ; Dai Duc Me)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Nihira,2009 : 99. (Phu Quoc)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 33. (N / C / S)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Saito et al.,2017 : 81. (S: Nui Cam; Nui Coto; Nui Ket)
Junonia lemonias lemonias ; Monastyrskii,2019 : 4(1):124-125, pl.28, figs.3a♂,3b♀. (N: Muong Nhe; Ba Be; Cuc Phuong / C: Ben En; Vu Quang; Phong Nha; Huong Thuy; Ba To; Kon Plong; Kon Ka Kinh; Cat Tien; Da Teh; Bao Lam; Binh Chau; Yok Don; Chu Yang Sin; Nui Chua / S: Cat Tien; Con Dao)

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chiang Mai : 10♂ 2♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Lampang : 3♂ 2♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nan : 1♂ 2♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Bangkok : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chonburi : 2♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Phetchaburi : 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Ranong : 3♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Yala : 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ LAOS ]
Xieng Khouang : 1♀ (photo by H.Onodera).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Vientiane : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

The butterfly is very common in dry grass field, open land and secondary forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 30 - 1300m). Both sexes visit flowers. Males are territorial on shrubs or on the ground.

Linnaeus, C.,1758 : Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis.
Holmiae, Laurentii Salvii. (Edition 10). 1(Animalia):[iv]+824pp.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1912 : 6. Familie: Nymphalidae in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9
513-520. (14.May.1912)

Corbet, A.S.,1949 : The Linnaean Names of Indo-Australian Rhopalocera. Part 7. Summary of Determinations.
Proc. R. Entomol. Soc. Lond (B)18(9-10):191-199.

♂ (dsf), Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀ (dsf), Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂+♀ (mating), Lampang, Thailand.

2008.02.29 - 2024.05.31.