♂ (dsf), Kanchanaburi, Thailand.		♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♂, Chanthaburi, Thailand.

ON : Mycalesis mineus ssp. OD : TL : Distribution : Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, C. & S.Vietnam. ● ssp. ● ssp.mineus ● ssp.macromalayana

[ THAILAND ]
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Fruhstorfer,1911 : 344. (Siam)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Godfrey,1916 : 122.
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Godfrey,1927 : 122. (N)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Godfrey,1930 : 249. (all over)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Aoki & Yamaguchi,1984 : 49. (Mae Hong Son: Mae Hong Son; Chiang Mai: Fang; Chiang Mai; Doi Suthep; Loei: Phu Kadeng; Ban Pha Nok Khao; Khon Kaen: Nam Nao; Nakhon Nayok: Khao Yai; Kanchanaburi: Sai Yok Noi)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Pinratana,1988 : 21, pl.24, figs.52a♂,♂(Un). (Chonburi; Ratchaburi; Chanthaburi; Nakhon Nayok; Kanchanaburi)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2000 : 253, fig.73,♂(Un). (Mukdahan: Phu Pha Thaep; Phu Sa Duak Bua; Phu Mu; Phu Pha Phung; Ban Naudom; Phu Shang; Phu Huay Sing; Ubon Ratchathani: Kaeng Tana)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2002 : 23. (Mukdahan: Ban Lao Kram; Phu Huay Sing; Ban Na Lak; Ban Gok Tum; Ubon Ratchathani: Ban Ba Hai; Ban Na Pho Krang; Phu Chong Na Yoi; Nam Tok Soi Sawan; Kaeng E-Keow; Phu Hin Dang)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Yamaguchi, Aoki & Akiyama,2005 : 48. (Mukdahan: Ban Lao Kram; Phu Mu; Phu Hin Khan; Phu Ma No Rom; Nam Tok Tad Ton; Ubon Ratchathani: Kaen Tana; Nam Tok Soi Sawan; Phu Chong Na Yoi; Ban Ba Hai)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Okamoto et al.,2013 : 9. (Kanchanaburi: Mae Klong Station)
Mycalesis mineus subfasciata ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 178-179, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Dao; Doi Suthep; Chiang Mai; Ban Salok; Phu Kradung; Phu Khiewo; Mouk Leck; Sarika; Nakohn Nayok; Wan Nam Khiewo; Kao Soi Dao; Kao Khiewo; Bang Phra; Doi Musso; Mae Sohd; Sai York Noi; Kanchanaburi; Ratchaburi; Kaeng Krachang; Hoy Yahn WF.)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Chaianunporn & Chaianunporn,2019 : 86. (Chaiyaphum: Chulabhorn Dam)
Mycalesis mineus ssp. ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2023- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Sa Kaeo; Chonburi) (accessed: 2023.07.01)

[ LAOS ]
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 65, pl.87, figs.5,♂,6,♂(Un),7,♀,8,♀(Un). (Tha Ngone; Nam Moh; Luang Prabang)
Mycalesis mineus subfasciata ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 211, pl.94, fig.♂. (Oudomxay)
Mycalesis mineus subfasciata ; Uémura,2004 : 3, fig.18,map, fig.31,♂(wsf). (Oudomxay; Vientiane;Tha Ngone; Nam Dhua)
Mycalesis mineus subfasciata ; Nimura & Wakahara,2005 : 44. (Namdhua)
Mycalesis mineus subfasciata ; Uémura,2006 : 5, fig.27,map. (Muang Kham; Nak Hai)
Mycalesis mineus subfasciata ; Uémura,2007 : 3, fig.15,map. (Tad Thevada)
Mycalesis mineus subfasciata ; Uémura,2011 : 2. (C: Tad Moon; Nahin Pass; near Nakok)
Mycalesis mineus subfasciata ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 49.
Mycalesis mineus subfasciata ; Onodera,2022 : 59, pl.174, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♂(dsf),♂(dsf,Un). (Khammouan: Lao Luang; Beungna; Vientiane)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Mycalesis mineus ; Onodera,2007 : 22,23, fig.41,♀. (Rattanakiri: Ta Veaeng; Veun Sai)
Mycalesis mineus ; Onodera,2008 : 57. (Mondolkiri: Ou Play)
Mycalesis mineus ; Onodera,2009 : 37. (Kratie: Snoul)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Monastyrskii et al.,2011 : 129. (Phnom Samkos W.S.)
Mycalesis mineus ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 116. (Kratie; Mondulkiri; Pursat; Ratanakiri)

[ VIETNAM ]
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Fruhstorfer,1911 : 344. (Annam) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Godfrey,1919 : 466. (S: Daban)
Mycalesis mineus f.mineus ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 30. (Annam) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus f.atrea [sic] ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 30. (Annam) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus mineus f.aest.mineus ; Metaye,1957 : 103. (C / S) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus mineus f.hib.otrea ; Metaye,1957 : 103. (C) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus mineus f.vern.subfasciata ; Metaye,1957 : 103. (C) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus ; Vu,2003 : 57. (Phu Quoc)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Monastyrskii,2005 : 91-92, pl.24, figs.3a♂(wsf),3b♂(wsf,Un),3c♂(dsf),3d♂(dsf,Un),3e♀. (C: Pu Hoat; Pu Mat; Vu Quang; Bach Ma / S: Cat Tien; Con Dao; Nghia Trung; Lo Go Sa Mat) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2007c : 39, fig.S-55,♂. (Bin Thuan: Dong Tien)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Miyazaki et al.,2010 : 24, fig.S-53,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri; Madagui; Dong Nai: Thac Mai)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Yokochi et al.,2015 : 40, 48, figs.38,♂,♂(Un),39,♀,♀(Un). (Khanh Hoa: Hon Ba)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 25. (C / S) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Saito et al.,2017 : 82. (S: Nui Cam; Nui Ket)

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 1♂.

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Chiang Mai : 10♂ 2♀.

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Nan : 1♀.

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Kanchanaburi : 1♂ 1♀.

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Chanthaburi : 2♂.

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[ LAOS ]
Oudomxai : 1♂ 1♀ (photo by H.Onodera).

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Bolikhamxai : 1♂ (photo by H.Onodera).

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The butterfly is common in secondary and montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 50 - 1100m).
According to Aoki & Yamaguchi,1984 and Kimura et al.,2016, the markings and genitalia of the populations from Myanmar, continental Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and C. & S.Vietnam differ significantly from those of the nominotypical subspecies. Kimura et al.,2016 tentatively treated it as ssp.subfasciata, but they also questioned this treatment. Therefore, I tentatively treat the population in N.Vietnam as the nominotypical subspecies, and the other continental populations as ssp. Further taxonomic and distributional studies are needed.
Identification of this species requires examination of the colour and shape of the male androconial brand on the UnF and UpH, or the male genitalia. Most species in the mineus group are very difficult to identify using the underside markings, and the dry season forms are almost impossible to identify.

The differences of the Mycalesis mineus group. (♂ androconial brand). Both characteristics must be confirmed for identification.
	perseus	perseoides	mineus	intermedia	distanti	visala
♂ UnF
	black (small)	dark brown	dark brown (small)	dark brown	brown	pale yellow (long)
♂ UpH
	black (small)	black (long and slender)	salmon pink or dark brown	pale yellow (oval, large)	pale yellow (large) (extends to the base of space 6)	pale yellow (long and slender)

Aoki T. & Yamaguchi, S.,1984 :
Notes on Butterflies of the Genus Mycalesis Collected in Thailand, together with Description of a New Species (Lepidoptera: Satyridae).
Res. Inst. Evolut. Biol. Sci. Rep. 2:45-60, 40 figs.

Uémura, Y.,1985 : Identification guide to the Thai-Malayan species of the mineus-group of Mycalesis (Lepidoptera: Satyridae)
Yadoriga 123:2-9. (in Japanese)

Kimura, Y., Aoki, T., Yamaguchi, S., Uémura, Y. & Saito, T.,2016 : The Butterflies of Thailand. Based on Yunosuke KIMURA Collection vol.3. Nymphalidae.
Mokuyosha. (264pp)

2019.05.31 - 2023.07.31.