Mycalesis mineus mineus

Mycalesis mineus mineus (Linnaeus, 1758)

ON : Papilio mineus Linnaeus, 1758
OD : Syst. nat. (ed.10) 1:471.
TL : 'China' [Canton, China].

Distribution : N.Vietnam, S.China, Hainan, Taiwan.

	● ssp.
	● ssp.mineus
	● ssp.macromalayana

Synonyms

Papilio drusia Cramer, 1775 : Uitl. Kapellen 1:132, pl.84, figs.C.D. TL. China
Papilio otrea Stoll, 1780 : in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4(26b-28):50, pl.314, figs.A,B(Un). TL. China.

Records taken from Literature

[ VIETNAM ]
Mycalesis mineus ; Joannis,1901 : 316. (Tonkin: Cao Bang)
Mycalesis mineus var.otorea ; Joannis,1901 : 316-317. (Tonkin: Cao Bang)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Fruhstorfer,1911 : 344. (Tonkin) (in part)
Mycalesis subfasciata ; Vitalis,1919 : 223. (Tonkin)
Mycalesis mineus f.mineus ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 30. (Tonkin) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus f.atrea [sic] ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 30. (Tonkin) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus ; Lemée,1950 : 8. (Hagiang)
Mycalesis mineus mineus f.aest.mineus ; Metaye,1957 : 103. (N) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus mineus f.hib.otrea ; Metaye,1957 : 103. (N) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus mineus f.vern.subfasciata ; Metaye,1957 : 103. (N) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Luong et al.,2004 : 4, 49, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Monastyrskii,2005 : 91-92, pl.24, figs.3a♂(wsf),3b♂(wsf,Un),3c♂(dsf),3d♂(dsf,Un),3e♀. (N: Muong Nhe; Tam Dao; Ba Be; Cuc Phuong; Pu Luong) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus mineus ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 25. (N) (in part)

Notes

According to Aoki & Yamaguchi,1984 and Kimura et al.,2016, the markings and genitalia of the populations from Myanmar, continental Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and C. & S.Vietnam differ significantly from those of the nominotypical subspecies. Kimura et al.,2016 tentatively treated it as ssp.subfasciata, but they also questioned this treatment. Therefore, I tentatively treat the population in N.Vietnam as the nominotypical subspecies, and the other continental populations as ssp. Further taxonomic and distributional studies are needed.
Identification of this species requires examination of the colour and shape of the male androconial brand on the UnF and UpH, or the male genitalia. Most species in the mineus group are very difficult to identify using the underside markings, and the dry season forms are almost impossible to identify.

The differences of the Mycalesis mineus group. (♂ androconial brand). Both characteristics must be confirmed for identification.

perseus perseoides mineus intermedia distanti visala
♂ UnF Mycalesis perseus ♂ UnF Mycalesis perseoides ♂ UnF Mycalesis mineus ♂ UnF Mycalesis intermedia ♂ UnF Mycalesis distanti ♂ UnF Mycalesis visala ♂ UnF

black (small) dark brown dark brown (small) dark brown brown pale yellow (long)
♂ UpH Mycalesis perseus ♂ UpH Mycalesis perseoides ♂ UpH Mycalesis mineus ♂ UpH Mycalesis intermedia ♂ UpH Mycalesis distanti ♂ UpH Mycalesis visala ♂ UpH

black (small) black (long and slender) salmon pink or
dark brown pale yellow (oval, large) pale yellow (large)
(extends to the base of space 6) pale yellow (long and slender)

Literature

Linnaeus, C.,1758 : Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis.
Holmiae, Laurentii Salvii. (Edition 10). 1(Animalia):[iv]+824pp.

Cramer, P.,1775-1780 :
De uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in de drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Africa en America. Papillons exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amerique.
Amsteldam, S.J.Baalde; Barthelemy Wild and J. Van Schoonhoven & Comp.
1(1/7):i-xxx, 1-16, 1-132, pls.1-84 ([31 December]1775), (8):133-155, pls.85-96 (1776); 2(9/16):1-151, pls.97-192 (1777); 3(17/22):1-128, pls.193-264 (1779), (23/24):129-176, pls.265-288 (1780); 4(25/26):1-28, pls.289-304 (1780)

Stoll, C.,1780-1782 :
In Cramer, De uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in de drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Africa en America. Papillons exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amerique.
Amsteldam, S.J.Baalde; Barthelemy Wild and J. Van Schoonhoven & Comp.
4(26/28):29-90, pls.305-336 (1780), (29/31):91-164, pls.337-372 (1781), (32/34):165-252, pls.373-400 (1782)

Corbet, A.S.,1949 : The Linnaean Names of Indo-Australian Rhopalocera. Part 7. Summary of Determinations.
Proc. R. Entomol. Soc. Lond (B)18(9-10):191-199.

Uémura, Y.,1985 : Identification guide to the Thai-Malayan species of the mineus-group of Mycalesis (Lepidoptera: Satyridae)
Yadoriga 123:2-9. (in Japanese)

1998.12.05 - 2023.07.31.

The differences of the Mycalesis mineus group. (♂ androconial brand). Both characteristics must be confirmed for identification.
	perseus	perseoides	mineus	intermedia	distanti	visala
♂ UnF
	black (small)	dark brown	dark brown (small)	dark brown	brown	pale yellow (long)
♂ UpH
	black (small)	black (long and slender)	salmon pink or dark brown	pale yellow (oval, large)	pale yellow (large) (extends to the base of space 6)	pale yellow (long and slender)