♂, Bangkok, Thailand.		♀, Kanchanaburi, Thailand.
♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.		♀, Lampang, Thailand.
♂, Satun, Thailand.		♀, Chonburi, Thailand.

ON : Danais anais Lesson, 1837 OD : Voy. Thet. : 343, pl.44, fig.2,♀,♀(Un). TL : 'Oceanie' [Langkawi, Malaysia]. Distribution : India to Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Langkawi, W.Malaysia. (Kedah, Trengganu).

Papilio hippia Fabricius, 1787 : Mantisa. Ins. 2:55. TL. "Pulicandor" [Pulo Condor]. (homonym)
Nepheronia hippia ♀ab.livilla Fruhstorfer, 1903 : Deut. ent. Zeit. [Iris] 15:300. TL. Insel Bay Miu, S.Annam. (NHML)
Nepheronia valeria persides Fruhstorfer, 1903 : Berl. ent. Z. 48(1/2):98. TL. Than-Moi, Nord-Tonkin. (NHML)

livilla ; ♀, Type (red), Januar. Ins. bay Miu. H.Fruhstorfer (NHML, examined)
persides ; ♀, Type (red), Juni-Juli. Than Moi, Tonkin. (NHML, examined)

[ THAILAND ]
Pareronia valeria hippia ; Fruhstorfer,1910 : 178. (Siam)
Pareronia valeria hippia ; Godfrey,1916 : 116. (Pak Jong)
Pareronia valeria hippia ; Godfrey,1927 : 120. (N)
Pareronia valeria hippia ; Godfrey,1930 : 231. (all over)
Pareronia persides ♀f. livilla ; Davidson & Macbeth,1938 : 71. (Lampang)
Pareronia anais ; Pinratana,1983 : 23, pl.18, figs.40,♂,♀,♀(f.lutea). (Bangkok; Chachoengsao; Chaiyaphum; Chiang Mai; Chonburi; Loei; Mae Hong Song; Phetchabun; Kanchanaburi; Nakhon Nayok; Nakhon Ratchasima; Nakhon Sri Thammarat; Petchaburi; Nonthaburi; Ranong; Ratchaburi; Sakon Nakhon; Saraburi; Satun; Sukhothai; Trang; Uthai Thani; Lop Buri)
Pareronia anais anais ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2000 : 252, fig.52,♂. (Mukdahan: Phu Pha Thaep; Phu Sa Duak Bua; Phu Pha Phung; Phu Mu)
Pareronia anais anais ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2002 : 18. (Mukdahan: Ban Lao Kram; Phu Huay Sing; Ban Na Lak; Ban Gok Tum; Ubon Ratchathani: Kaeng E-Keow)
Pareronia anais anais ; Yamaguchi, Aoki & Akiyama,2005 : 46. (Mukdahan: Nam Tok Tad Ton; Ubon Ratchathani: Nam Tok Soi Sawan; Phu Chong Na Yoi; Phu Pung; Don Far Huan)
Pareronia anais anais ; Katsuyama et al.,2006 : 46, fig.38,♂. (Nan: Ban Nam Poon)
Pareronia anais anais ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 162, pl.53, figs.Pi43,♂,♀(f.anais),♀(f.anais),♀(f.lutea),♀(f.lutea,Un),♀(f.lutea). (Bangkok; Kanchanaburi; Khao Khieo; Ratchaburi; Chiang Mai: Doi Pui)
Pareronia anais anais ; Les Day,2011-2022 : Samui Butterflies, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀,♀(Un). (Koh Samui; Koh Phangan) (accessed: 2022.10.15)
Pareronia anais anais ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 152, figs.♂,♂(Un), f.anais♀,♀(Un), f.lutea♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Dao; Thung Saleng Luang; Phu Khiewo; Wan Nam Khiewo; Wang Keo; Kao Chamaoh; Kao Soi Dao; Sai York Noi; Erawan WF; Kuwai Yai; Kanchanaburi; Ratchaburi; Kaeng Krachan)
Pareronia anais anais ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 162, pl.53, figs.Pi43,♂,♀,♀,♀(f.lutea),♀(Un),♀(f.lutea). (Bangkok; Kanchanaburi; Khao Khieo; Ratchaburi; Doi Pui)
Pareronia anais anais ; Okamoto et al.,2013 : 6. (Kanchanaburi: Mae Klong Station)
Pareronia anais anais ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Nakhon Ratchasima; Sa Kaeo; Chanthaburi) (accessed: 2022.10.15)
Pareronia anais anais ; Chaianunporn & Chaianunporn,2019 : 87. (Chaiyaphum: Chulabhorn Dam)

[ LAOS ]
Pareronia philomela ; Vitalis,1919 : 220. (Laos)
Pareronia anais anais ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 50, pl.25, figs.5,♂,6,♂(Un),7,♀,8,♀(Un). (Tha Ngone; Vientiane; Luang Prabang; Ban Houei Sai; Nam Ngum Dam)
Pareronia anais anais ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 202, pl.39, figs.♂,♀,♀. (Thakhek; Nhahin)
Pareronia anais anais ; Nimura & Wakahara,2005 : 39. (Namdhua; Thakhek)
Pareronia anais anais ; Onodera,2009b : 34-35,42. (Vientiane: Namsong Riverside; Bolikhamxai: Nahin)
Pareronia anais anais ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 43.
Pareronia anais anais ; Onodera,2022 : 18, pl.72, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Khammouan: Nahin; Natung; Champasak: Dong Huasao)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Pareronia anais ; Onodera,2007 : 22,24,25,26,27, figs.13,♂,14,♀. (Rattanakiri: Poy; Ou Chum; Siem Reap: Phnum Kuhlen)
Pareronia anais anais ; Kosterin,2019b : 26. (Ratanakiri)
Pareronia anais anais ; Kosterin,2020 : 314. (Siem Reap; Preah Vihear)
Pareronia anais anais ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 114. (Battambang; Kep; Koh Kong; Preah Vihear; Ratanakiri; Siem Reap)

[ VIETNAM ]
Pareronia persides ; Vitalis,1919 : 220. (Tonkin)
Pareronia persides ; Lemée,1950 : 63. (Saigon)
Pareronia valeria persides ; Metaye,1957 : 87. (N / C / S)
Pareronia valeria persides f.♀ livilla ; Metaye,1957 : 87. (N / C / S)
Pareronia anais ; Monastyrskii et al.,2006 : 39. (Thua Thien Hue: Bach Ma)
Pareronia anais anais ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006 : 14, figs.Pi-23,♂,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri; Dai Duc Me; Madagui; Dong Nai: Thac Mai; Bin Thuan: Dong Tien)
Pareronia anais anais ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 17. (N / C / S)
Pareronia anais anais ; Saito et al.,2017 : 77. (S: Nui Cam; Nui Coto)

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 14♂ 3♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chiang Mai : 10♂ 2♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Lampang : 2♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nan : 4♂ 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Tak : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Phetchabun: 2♂ 2♀ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Kanchanaburi : 4♂ 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Bangkok : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chonburi : 1♂ 2♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chanthaburi : 5♂ 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Trat : 2♂ (photo by E.Ikari).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Prachuap Khirikhan : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nakhon Si Thammarat : 2♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Satun : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ LAOS ]
Xieng Khouang : 2♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Champasak : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ VIETNAM ]
Lam Dong : 3♂ 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Dong Nai : 3♂ 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Bin Thuan : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

The butterfly is common in secondary and montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 10 - 1100m). Both sexes visit flowers, and males occasionally come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water. The females are dimorphic and both forms mimic Danainae species such as Parantica aglea, agleoides and aspasia.

Fabricius, J.C.,1793 : Entomologia systematica emedata et aucta. secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus.
3(1): [iv] + 488 pp. Copenhagen. C.G.Proft.

Lesson, R.P.,1837 : Journal de la Navigation autour du Globe de la Fregate la Thetis et de la Covervette l'Esperance pendant les Annees 1824, 1825 et 1826 in Bougainville, Voyage Thetis
2:1-351, pl.1-56.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1903 :
Verzeichniss der in Tonkin, Annam und Siam gesammelten Pieriden und Besprechung verwandter Formen.
Deut. ent. Zeit. [Iris] 15:269-305.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1903 : Neue Pieriden und Uebersicht verwandter Formen.
Berl. ent. Z. 48(1/2):97-111.

Corbet, A.S.,1941 : Observations on Certain of the Fabrician Names onf Indo-Australian Rhopalocera (Lepid.)
Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B)10(6):98-106.

Cobert, A.S. & Pendlebury, H.M.,1978 (Revised by Eliot, J.N.)
The Butterflies of the Malay Peninsula, 3rd Edition.
577 pp, 438 figs, 35 pl. (29 in col.) Malayan Nature Society.

Smetacek, P., Cotton, A.M. & Inayoshi, Y.,2023 : Notes on Indian species of Pareronia Bingham, 1907 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)
Bionotes 25(3):10-18.

♂, Phetchabun, Thailand.	♀, Phetchabun, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂ and ♀, Phetchabun, Thailand.	♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

1996.10.31 - 2024.03.31.