♂, Phetchabun, Thailand.		♀, Phetchabun, Thailand.
♂, Phetchabun, Thailand.		♀, Phetchabun, Thailand.
♂, Lam Dong, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito)		♀, Trat, Thailand. (photo by THNHM)
♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.		♂, Phrae, Thailand.

ON : Pieris brassicae var. crucivora Boisduval, 1836 OD : Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 521. TL : Japon. Distribution : Yunnan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, China to Korea, Taiwan, Japan, Far East Russia.

Pieris rapae var. géographique orientalis Oberthür, 1880 : Étud. ent. 5: 13. TL. 'Askold [Island in Peter the Great Gulf, Sea of Japan, Russia]; Japon; nord de la China'.
Pieris rapae var. mandschurica Speyer, 1882 : Stett. ent. Ztg 43: 379. TL. "Amur" [Amur, Far Eastern Federal District, Russia].
Pieris rapae forme niphonica Verity, 1908 : Rhopalocera Palaearctica (13/14): 156, (17/20): pl.33, figs.47, 48. TL. Japon.
Pieris rapae yokohamae Verity, 1908 : Rhopalocera Palaearctica (15/16): 157, pl.34, figs.20, 21. TL. "Yokohama" [Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan].
Pieris rafae [sic] ab. unimaculata Yokoyama, 1921 : Zool. Mag. 33: 388, figs.6,♀, 7,♀(Un). Loc. [Japan]. (IFS)
Pieris rapae ab. albiventris Nakahara, 1922 : Ent. Rec. 34: 219. Loc. "Narita, near Tokyo, Japan" [Narita, Chiba pref., Japan]. (IFS)
Pieris rapae (g. v.) wladiwostokensis Kardakoff, 1928 : Ent. Mitt. 17(4): 268, pl.6, figs.7,♂, 8,♀. TL. "Wladiwostok" [Vladivostok, Far Eastern Federal District, Russia].
Pieris rapae yunnana Mell, 1943 : Zool. Stuttgart 36(100):104. TL. "Yunnanfu bis Tali" [Kunming to Dali, C.Yunnan].

[ THAILAND ]
Pieris rapae ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 140, pl.42, figs.Pi19,♂,♂(Un),♀. (Mae Chaem)
Pieris rapae ssp. ; Kemal et al.,2007 : 2-3, figs.1,♀, 2-6(egg, larva, pupa),7♂,8♂(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Pieris rapae ; Nishimura,2008 : 34, figs.47,♂,48,♂,49,♂(Un),50,♀,51,♀(Un),52,♀,53,♀,54,♀,55,♀,56,♀. (Chiang Mai)
Pieris rapae orientalis ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 161, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Ankaan; Mae Chaem; Nong Mae Na)
Pieris rapae crucivora ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 142, pl.43, figs.Pi19,♂,♂(Un),♀. (Mae Chaem)
Pieris rapae orientalis ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2020- : Butterflies of Thailand, fig, (Phetchabun)
Pieris rapae orientalis ; Inayoshi,2011-2022 : Butterflies in Indo-China, 4♂ 3♀ (Mae Hong Son; Chiang Mai; Lampang; Phrae; Phetchabun; Trat) (31.Oct.2022 last updated; 30.Apr.2025 changed.)

[ LAOS ]
Pieris rapae ; Nishimura,2008 : 34. (Luang Nam Tha)
Pieris rapae orientalis ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 42, pl.1, figs.Pi-17,♂,♂(Un). (Phou Bia)
Pieris rapae orientalis ; Onodera,2022 : 14, pl.61, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Xiengkhouang: Bo Nam Hon; Nachan)
Pieris rapae orientalis ; Inayoshi,2011-2022 : Butterflies in Indo-China. (by literature) (31.Oct.2022 last updated; 30.Apr.2025 changed.)

[ VIETNAM ]
Pieris rapae ; Ikeda et al.,1998 : 23, figs.8:17,♂,18,♀,11:44(♂genitalia). (Cuc Phuong)
Pieris rapae ; Luong et al.,2004 : 2. (Cuc Phuong)
Pieris rapae ; Nishimura,2008 : 34. (Ninh Binh; Vinh Phu; Hong Lien Son)
Pieris rapae orientalis ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 16. (N / C)
Pieris rapae orientalis ; Inayoshi,2011-2022 : Butterflies in Indo-China, 1♂ (Lam Dong) (31.Oct.2022 last updated; 30.Apr.2025 changed.)
Pieris rapae ; Monastyrskii,2024 : 66-67, pl.16, figs.1a♂,1b♂(Un),1c♀,1d♀(Un). (N: Ha Giang; Hoang Lien; Ba Be; Cuc Phuong; Tam Dao; Hanoi / C: Pu Mat; Phong Nha-Ke Bang)

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 1♂ 1♀.

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Chiang Mai : 10♂ 5♀ (incl. photo).

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Lampang : 1♂ (photo).

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Phrae : 1♂.

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Phetchabun : 10♂ 10♀ (incl. photo).

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Trat : 1♀.

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[ VIETNAM ]
Lam Dong : 2♂.

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The butterfly is locally very common in fields of cabbage or field mustard at low to high elevations (Alt. 300 - 1500m), and is also a known pest of these vegetables. Along with the migration of these vegetables, the butterfly is thought to be expanding its distribution. Further taxonomic study is needed.

The classification of Artogeia differs between authors, with some treating it as a genus and others as a subgenus. Zhang et al. (2023: 6) considered it to be a subgenus of Pieris, whereas Bonometti (2023) treated it as a distinct genus. Here, I follow Zhang et al.

Boisduval, J.B.A.,1836 : In Roret's "Suite a Buffon", Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species Général des Lépidoptères. 1.
Paris, Libr. Encycl. de Roret 8vo: [4] + xii + 690 + 6 pp, 24 pls.

Oberthür, 1880 : Faune des Lépidoptères de l'ile Askold. Premiere Partie.
Étud. ent. 5: 1-88, pl.1-9.

Speyer, A.,1882 : Lepidopterologische Bemerkungen.
Stett. ent. Ztg 43: 375-388.

Verity, R.,1908 : Rhopalocera Palaearctica Iconographie et Description des Papillons diurnes de la région paléarctique. Papilionidae et Pieridae.
(13/14): 125-156, pl. 40,42,46 ; (15/16): 157-172, pl.27-29,34,45 ; (17/20): 173-220, pl.30-33,47,49.

Yokoyama, K.,1921 : "本邦内地産紋白蝶の學名を論ず" [On the scientific name of garden white butterflies in Japan].
Zool. Mag. 33: 384-389, 6 figs. (in Japanese)

Nakahara, W.,1922 : A White-bodied Pieris rapae from Japan.
Ent. Rec. 34: 219.

Kardakoff, N.,1928 : Zur Kenntnis der Lepidopteren des Ussuri-Gebietes.
Ent. Mitt. 17(4): 261-273; (8): 414-425.

Mell, R.E., 1943 : Inventur und ökologisches Material zu einer Biologie der südchinesischen Pieriden.
Beiträge zur Fauna sinica 21.
Zoologica Stuttgart 36: 88-127.

Kemal, M., Leksawasdi, P. & Koçak, A.Ö.,2007: On the Pieridae fauna of Chiang Mai Province in North Thailand (Lepidoptera).
Cent. ent. Stud. Misc. 134: 2-8.

Nishimura, M. & Nobayashi, S.,2008 : Notes on Pieris rapae in Japan and Indochina.
Yadoriga 217: 13-36. (in Japanese)

Zhang, J., Cong, Q., Shen, J., Song, L. & Grishin, N.V.,2023 : Genomic analysis reveals new species and subspecies of butterflies.
Taxon. Rep. Int. Lep. Survey 11(6): 1-62. (13.Dec.2023)

Bonometti, A.,2023 : Fifty Shades of Whites: taxonomic revision of Talbotia Bernardi, 1958, Pieris Schrank, 1801, and Artogeia Verity, 1947, through a review of available anatomical and molecular data (Lepidoptera, Pieridae).
Atalanta 54(3/4): 388-408. (15.Dec.2023)

♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂+♀ (mating), Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀ (laying egg), Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂.♀, Phetchabun, Thailand.
♂,♀, Phetchabun, Thailand. (photo by P.Sukkit)

2025.04.30 - 2025.06.30.