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| ♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. | ♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. | ||
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| ♂, Nan, Thailand. | ♀, Nan, Thailand. | ||
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| ♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. | ♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. | ||
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| ♂, Lai Chau, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito) | ♀, Lao Cai, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito) | ||
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| ♂, Nan, Thailand. | ♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. | ||
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| ♂, Nan, Thailand. | ♂, Nan, Thailand. | ♂, Nan, Thailand. | ♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand. |
| ON :
Delias belladonna yedanula Fruhstorfer, 1910 OD : in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 9:131. TL : "Omi Shan" [Emei Shan, C.Sichuan], China. (NHML) Distribution : Myanmar, N.Thailand, Laos, N.Vietnam, S.China. |
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Delias berinda cooperi Tytler, 1939 : J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 41(2):242. TL. "Hthawgaw, N.-E.Burma" [Thawgaw, N.E.Myanmar].
Delias sanaca atsukoae Nakano, 1993 : An illust. list. Delias World :11, pl.93, figs.3(PT,♂), 4(HT,♂Un). TL. Nan, Thailand. (♂, in coll. S.Nakano)
yedanula ;
♀, Type (red), Omei Shan, China. (NHML, examined)
atsukoae ; Holotype ♂, Nan, Thailand. (in coll. S.Nakano, examined) ; Paratype ♀, Nan, Thailand. (in coll. S.Nakano, examined)
[ THAILAND ]
Delias sanaca perspicua ; Pinratana,1983 : 6,32, pl.2, figs.3,♂,♀. (Chiang Mai)
Delias sanaca atsukoae ; Yagishita et al.,1993 : pl.93, figs.3,♂(PT),4,♂(HT,Un). (N: Nan)
Delias berinda yedanula ; Yagishita et al.,1993 : pl.95, figs.5,♂,6,♀. (N: Fang; Chiang Rai)
Delias berinda yedanula ; Inayoshi & Nishimura,1997 : 21, figs.55,♂,56,♂,57,♀,58,♂,59,♂. (Doi Pha Hom Pok; Doi Pomeun; Doi Chiang Dao; Doi Inthanon; Omkoi; Wiang Pa Pao; Mae Sariang; Doi Phu Kha)
Delias sanaca perspicua ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 126, pl.35, figs.Pi3,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Pha Hom Pok; Doi Inthanon; Wiang Pa Pao; Doi Phu Kha)
Delias berinda yedanula ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : pl.35, figs.Pi4,♂,♂(Un). (Doi Phu Kha) (in part)
Delias berinda yedanula ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 166, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Pha Hom Pok; Doi Inthanon; Maethro)
Delias sanaca perspicua ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 126, pl.35, figs.Pi3,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Pha Hom Pok; Doi Inthanon; Wiang Pa Pao; Doi Phu Kha)
Delias berinda yedanula ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : pl.35, figs.Pi4,♂,♂(Un). (Doi Phu Kha) (in part)
Delias berinda yadanula ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai) (accessed: 2022.06.19)
[ LAOS ]
Delias sanaca perspicua ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 48, pl.15, figs.3,♂,4,♂(Un). (Phatong)
Delias berinda yedanula ; Inayoshi & Nishimura,1997 : 21. (Xaignabouri; Phathon)
Delias berinda yedanula ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 202, pl.28, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀. (Phong Saly; Xam Neua)
Delias berinda yedanula ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 42.
Delias berinda yedanula ; Onodera,2022 : 13, pl.57, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Oudomxai; Xiengkhouang: near Tong)
[ THAILAND ]
Chiang Rai : 4♂.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
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New to Vietnam.
The butterfly is locally very common in montane forests at moderate to high elevations (Alt. 1300 - 2200m).
Males are territorial at hilltops and fly in circles for long hours in their territorial space.
They very often chase Teinopalpus imperialis and engage in territorial fights.
On the other hand, males frequently come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water together with belladonna, sanaca and patrua.
Delias sanaca and Delias berinda are quite similar and need to check genitalia for identification.
I examined the genitalia of the Holotype and Paratype of Delias sanaca atsukoae,
and confirmed they are definitely Delias berinda, not sanaca.
Thus, atsukoeae is treated as belonging to berinda and, furthermore, was a synonym of yedanula for the following reasons.
The population in Nan is very variable in size and markings.
Most of them are large in size and similar markings as ordinary yedanula, like specimens shown at the bottom row;
but some are small in size and have very similar markings to sanaca, as a male specimen shown on the 2nd row.
This variation is not seen in Chiang Mai.
Curiously, no sanaca has ever been found in Nan province.
The classification of this species needs further review.
Fruhstorfer, H.,1910 : 2. Familie: Pieridae in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9
121-144. (14.Jan.1910)
Tytler, H.,1939 : Notes on some new and interesting butterflies chiefly from Burma 1
J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 41(2):235-252.
Yagishita, A., Nakano, S. & Morita, S.,1993 : An Illustrated List of the Genus Delias Hübner of the World.
409 pls, 384 pp, Khepera Publishers, Tokyo.
Inayoshi, Y. & Nishimura, M.,1997 : A reviw of the belladonna group of the genus Delias (Lepidoptera, Pieridae).
Butterflies 16:18-33. (in Japanese)
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| ♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. | ♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
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| ♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. | ♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
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| ♂ with belladonna and Prioneris thestylis, Chiang Mai, Thailand. | ♂ with sanaca, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
1996.10.31 - 2023.12.31
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