♂, Yala, Thailand.		♀, Yala, Thailand. (photo by E.Ikari)
♂, Yala, Thailand.		♂, Yala, Thailand.
♂, Yala, Thailand.		♂ genitalia, Yala, Thailand.

ON : Papilio ramaceus pendleburyi Corbet, 1941 OD : Entomologist 74: 133. TL : 'India orientali (circa Pulo Penang ?)'. (replacement name for Papilio ramaceus dealbatus Pendlebury, 1939) Distribution : P.Thailand (south of Nakhon Si Thammarat), W.Malaysia, Singapore, N. & E.Sumatra, Natuna. ● ssp.inayoshii ● ssp.pendleburyi

Papilio leucothoe Westwood, 1844 : Arcana Ent. 2: 128, pl.79, fig.3. TL. 'India orientali (circa Pulo Penang ?)' (NHML) (homonym)
Papilio ramaceus dealbatus Pendlebury, 1939 : J. Fed. Malay St. Mus. 18: 381-382. (replacement name for Papilio leucothoe Westwood, 1845). (homonym)

leucothoe ; ♂, Type (red), Rh.11123, #149415, 'Singapore'. (NHML, examined)

[ THAILAND ]
Papilio leucothoe leucothoe ; Godfrey,1930 : 219. (Satun: Klawng Ton)
Papilio leucothoe leucothoe ; Godfrey,1932a : 264. (P)
Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi ; Pinratana,1977 : 61, fig.P52,♂. (Satun; Yala)
Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi ; Pinratana & Eliot,1992 : 34,45, pl.62, fig.51,♂. (Nakhon Sri Thammarat; Yala)
Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi ; RDPB & DNP,2006–2008 : Butterflies in Hala-Bala Forest, fig.[♂]. (Narathiwat: Hala Bala) (last update: 2006.12.31 ; accessed: 2024.04.10)
Paranticopsis ramaceus pendleburyi ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 116, pl.30, figs.P59,♂,♂(Un). ('Ranong' [loc.err.])
Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 135, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Than To WF.)
Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 116, pl.30, figs.P59,♂,♂(Un). ('Ranong' [loc.err.])
Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi ; Sophonviwatkul et al.,2015– : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Yala; Narathiwat) (accessed: 2023.05.18)

[ THAILAND ]
Yala : 12♂ 1♀ (incl. photo and photo by E.Ikari)

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The butterfly is locally common in forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 100 - 800m). Males are frequently observed mud-puddling along stream banks and at puddles.
The white markings of males from Yala are highly variable and the whitest specimens resemble ssp.sachiyoae from Langkawi. I cannot say for sure but the female specimen shown above is most likely to be this species. Further taxonomic study and distributional research are needed.

Westwood, J.O.,1844 : Arcana entomologica, or Illustrations of new, rare, and interesting exotic insects.
2(20): 113-128, pls. 76-79 (1.Jul.1844), London, William Smith.

Pendlebury, H.M.,1939 : Notes on some new or little-known Malaysian Butterflies.
J. Fed. Malay St. Mus. 18(3): 380-394, 1 pl.

Corbet, A.S.,1941 : Further revisional Notes on Malayan Rhopalocera.
Entomologist 74(6): 133-135.

♂, Yala, Thailand.	♂, Yala, Thailand.
♂, Yala, Thailand.	♂, Yala, Thailand.

1996.10.08 - 2025.05.31.