Papilio protenor protenor
Cramer, 1775
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♂, Ha Giang, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito) |
♀, Ha Giang, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito) |
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♂, Lam Dong, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito) |
♀, Lao Cai, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito) |
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♂, Bolikhamxai, Laos. (photo by K.Saito) |
♀, Bolikhamxai, Laos. (photo by K.Saito) |
ON :
Papilio protenor Cramer, 1775
OD : Uitl. Kapellen 1(1/7): 77, pl.49, figs.A♂, B♂(Un).
TL : "China". (NHML)
Distribution : Kashmir, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Taiwan, China.
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Synonyms
Papilio protenor euprotenor Fruhstorfer, 1908 : Ent. Zeit. 22(11): 46. TL. Sikkim. (NHML)
Papilio protenor euanthes Fruhstorfer, 1908 : Ent. Zeit. 22(11): 46. TL. Hainan.
Papilio protenor sulpitius Fruhstorfer, 1909 : Ent. Zeit. 22(42): 175. TL. 'Tonkin [N.Vietnam]; Annam [C.Vietnam]'. (NHML)
Papilio protenor amaura Jordan, 1909 : In: Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 9: 76. TL. "Formosa" [Taiwan]. (NHML)
Type Materials Information
protenor ; ♀, Syntype, #665002. verified by J.E.Chainey,2002. (NHML, photo examined)
euprotenor ;
♂, Type (red), #1493330, Guntok, Sikkim. 1894. (NHML, examined)
♀, Type AT (red), #1493331, Sikkim. (NHML, examined)
sulpitius ;
♂, Type, #149332, Chiem-Hoa, Central-Tonkin., Aug.Sept. (NHML, examined)
♀, Type, #149333, Than-Mon, Tonkin., Juni-Juli. (NHML, examined)
amaura ; ♂, Jul.96. N.Mts., Formosa. Jonas. (NHML, examined)
Records taken from Literature
[ THAILAND ]
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Godfrey,1916 : 111. (Phetchaburi River)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Godfrey,1927 : 120. (N / W: Pan Yao)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Godfrey,1930 : 214. ('Prae: Me Song forest'; 'Chiang Mai'; Phetchaburi River)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Pinratana,1977 : 44, not fig. (by literature)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Pinratana & Eliot,1992 : 25,43, pl.45, figs.33,♂,♂(Un). ('Chiang Mai'; Kanchanaburi; Uthai Thani)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 88, pl.16, figs.P32,♂,♂(Un),'♀,♀(Un)'. (Kanchanaburi; Tak)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 127, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Pealock)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 88, pl.16, figs.P30,♂,♂(Un),♀(Phetchaburi),♀(Un,Phetchaburi),'♀,♀(Un)'. (Kanchanaburi; Tak; Phetchaburi)
Papilio protenor protenor ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2023- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs., Early Stages. (Kanchanaburi; Phetchaburi) (accessed: 2024.04.07)
[ LAOS ]
Papilio protenor f. euprotenor ; Dubois & Vitalis,1914 : 149. (Laos)
Papilio protenor f. euprotenor ; Vitalis,1919 : 214. (Laos)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 46, pl.8, figs.1,♂,2,♂(Un). (Vang Vieng; Phatong; Luang Prabang)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 200, pl.14, figs.♂,♀. (Phong Saly)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Cotton & Racheli,[2007] : 356-357. (Lak Sao; Phou Chomvoy)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Onodera,2009b : 42,43. (Bolikhamxai: Phon Si)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 41.
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Onodera,2022 : 7, pl.33, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Bolikhamxai: Lak Sao)
[ VIETNAM ]
Papilio protenor ; Joannis,1901 : 333. (Tonkin: Cao Bang)
Papilio protenor ; Fruhstorfer,1903 : 174. (Than-Moi; Chim-Hoa; Phuc-Son)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Jordan,1908-1909 : 75. (Tonkin)
Papilio protenor f. euprotenor ; Dubois & Vitalis,1914 : 149. (Annam / Tonkin)
Papilio protenor f. euprotenor ; Vitalis,1919 : 214. (Annam / Tonkin)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Metaye,1957 : 83. (N / C / S)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Ikeda et al.,1998 : 17, figs.4:9,♀,10,♀(Un),11,♂, 9:10(♂genitalia). (Cuc Phuong)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Shinkai,1999 : 55. (N: Mt.Pia Oac; Tam Dao / S: Bao Lac)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Luong et al.,2004 : 1, 25, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006 : 7, fig.Pa-17,♂. (Lam Dong: Madagui)
Papilio protenor ; Monastyrskii et al.,2006 : 38. (Thua Thien Hue: Nam Dong; A Luoi; Huong Thuy; Bach Ma)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Monastyrskii,2007 : 62-63, pl.17, figs.1a♂,1b♂(Un). (throughout Vietnam)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2007c : 36, fig.pa-17,♀. (Lam Dong: Madagui)
Papilio protenor euprotenor ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 13. (N / C / S)
Specimens Examined
[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 4♂ (RIEB).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Tak : 1♂ (photo by K.Saito).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Kanchanaburi : 2♂ 3♀ (photo by K.Saito).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Phetchaburi : 6♂ (RIEB).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Prachuap Khirikhan : 2♂ (RIEB).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
[ LAOS ]
Oudomxay : 3♂ 1♀ (photo by K.Phongpiyamit).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Xieng Khouang : 1♂ (RIEB).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Houaphan : 1♀ (photo by K.Saito).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Bolikhamxai : 8♂ 2♀ (photo by K.Saito).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
[ VIETNAM ]
Lao Cai : 1♂ 1♀ (photo by K.Saito).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Ha Giang : 1♂ 1♀ (photo by K.Saito).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Ninh Binh : 1♀ (photo by K.Saito).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Lam Dong : 1♂ (RIEB).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Notes
The butterfly is locally common in montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 320 - 750m).
Both sexes visit flowers.
Males form flight paths along streams or forest edges, and frequently come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.
Godfrey (1930) recorded it in 'Chiang Mai' and 'Phrae', but these are very doubtful.
The female specimen shown in Ek-Amnuay ([2007]) and at the bottom in Ek-Amnuay (2012), may be from outside Thailand.
Literature
Cramer, P.,1775 : Uitlandsche Kapellen. voorkomende in de drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Africa en America, by een verzameld en bescreeven.
1(1/7): i-xxx, 1-16, 1-132, pls.1-84 ([31.Dec].1775), Amsterdam. Baalde, and Utrecht, Wild.
Fruhstorfer, H.,1908 : Lepidopterologisches Pele-Mele. I. Neue ostasiatische Rhopaloceren.
Ent. Zeit. 22(11): 46-47. (13.Jun.1908)
Fruhstorfer, H.,1909 : Neue asiatische Papilio-Rassen.
Ent. Zeit. 22(42): 175-176. (16.Jan.1909)
Jordan, K.,1909 : Die Indo-Australische Tagfalter. Papilionidae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde.
9: 73-80, Stuttgart, Alfred Kernen.
Fujioka, T., Tsukiyama, H. & Chiba, H.,1997 : Japanese butterflies and their relatives in the world 1 Hesperiidae/ Papilionidae.
Tokyo, Shuppan Geijutu Co. Ltd. (in Japanese)
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♂, Oudomxay, Laos. (photo by K.Phongpiyamit) |
♀, Oudomxay, Laos. (photo by K.Phongpiyamit) |
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♂, Oudomxay, Laos. (photo by K.Phongpiyamit) |
♂, Bolikhamxai, Laos. (photo by K.Phongpiyamit) |
A Check list of Butterflies in Indo-China, Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM. Copyright © 1996- Y.Inayoshi.
