♂, Yala, Thailand.		♀, Yala, Thailand.
♂, Ranong, Thailand.		♀, Ranong, Thailand.
♂, Ranong, Thailand. (photo by A.M.Cotton)		♂, Phuket, Thailand.
♂, Satun, Thailand.		♂, Yala, Thailand. (photo by A.M.Cotton)

ON : Papilio nephelus annulus Pendlebury, 1936 OD : J. Fed. Malay St. Mus. 18(1):180-181. TL : Nakhon Sri Tamarat ; Trang, P.Siam. Distribution : S.Myanmar, P.Thailand, Langkawi, W.Malaysia (North). ● ssp.chaon ● transition zone of chaon and annulus ● ssp.annulus ● transition zone of annulus and sunatus

Papilio chaon raya Corbet, 1937 : Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B)6(3):46. TL. Langkawi. (♂, NHML)

raya ;
♂, Holotype (red), 6.Sep.1932. Pulau Langkawi, A.S.Corbet (NHML, examined)
♀, Allotype (red), 6.Sep.1932. Pulau Langkawi, A.S.Corbet (NHML, examined)

[ THAILAND ]
Papilio nephelus saturnus ; Pendlebury,1923 : 23. (Nakhon Sri Thammarat: Khao Ram)
Papilio nephelus saturnus ; Godfrey,1930 : 212. (Bangnara; Nakhon Sri Thammarat)
Papilio chaon chaon ; Godfrey,1932a : 264. (P)
Papilio nephelus saturnus ; Godfrey,1932a : 264. (P)
Papilio nephelus raya ; Pinratana,1977 : 34, figs.P24b♀,♀(Un). (in part)
Papilio nephelus annulus ; Pinratana & Eliot,1992 : 23,42, pl.32, fig.27b♂(Un) ; pl.33, figs.27b♂,♀. (Trang)
Papilio nephelus annulus ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 80, pl.12, figs.P28b♂,♂(Un). (Krabi)
Papilio nephelus sunatus ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : pl.12, fig.P28c,♂(bottom). (in part)
Papilio nephelus annulus ; Les Day,2011-2022 : Samui Butterflies, figs. (Koh Samui) (accessed: 2022.01.19)
Papilio nephelus annulus ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 124, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Key Rap Nam; Ka Chong)
Papilio nephelus annulus ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 80, pl.12, figs.P26b♂,♂(Un). (Krabi; Phuket; Ranong)
Papilio nephelus sunatus ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : pl.12, fig.P26c♂(bottom). (in part)
Papilio nephelus sunatus ; Küppers & Janikorn,2017 : 158, figs.Abb.Pa-080-081. (Phang Nga)

[ THAILAND ]
Ranong : 5♂ 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Phangnga : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Phuket : 3♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nakhon Si Thammarat : 2♀ (photo by A.Giudici).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Satun (Koh Tarutao) : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Yala : 3♂ 1♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

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Mar

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Dec

The butterfly is common in montane forest at low to moderate elevations (Alt.30m - 600m).
As mentioned in Papilio nephelus chaon, the area from Tak to Phetchaburi is a transition zone between ssp.chaon and ssp.annulus. These intermediate individuals occasionally occur in Chiang Mai, N.Thailand and Ranong, P.Thailand. On the other hand, this taxon is mainly found south of Ranong, however it is found sympatric with ssp.sunatus from Hat Yai to Yala. And individuals intermediate between the two are seen occasionally. It seems a transition zone between ssp.annulus and ssp.sunatus. Further taxonomic study is needed.

Pendlebury, H.M.,1936 : Some new records of butterflies from the Malay Peninsula.
J. Fed. Malay St. Mus. 18(1):178-186.

Corbet, A.S.,1937 : Observations on Species of Papilionidae, Pieridae and Danaidae from the Malay Peninsula.
Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B)6(3):45-52.

Eliot, J.N.,1978 ; In Corbet & Pendlebury. The Butterflies of the Malay Peninsula, edn. 3.
Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur.

♂, Yala, Thailand.	♀, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. (photo by A.Giudici)
♂, Yala, Thailand.	♀, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. (photo by A.Giudici)
♂, Yala, Thailand. (photo by S.Atdhabhan)	♂, Yala, Thailand. (photo by S.Atdhabhan)

1996.10.02 - 2022.01.31.