Hypolimnas misippus  (Linnaeus, 1764)

Hypolimnas misippus ♂ Up. Hypolimnas misippus ♂ Un. Hypolimnas misippus ♀ Up. Hypolimnas misippus ♀ Un.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. ♀, Chanthaburi, Thailand.
Hypolimnas misippus ♂ Up. Hypolimnas misippus ♂ Un. Hypolimnas misippus ♀ Up. Hypolimnas misippus ♀ Un.
♂, Yala, Thailand. ♀ (f.inaria), Chachoengsao, Thailand.

ON : Papilio misippus Linnaeus, 1764
OD : Mus. Lud. Ulr. :264.
TL : 'America'
Distribution : Indo-Australian region, Etiopian region,
and North east Neotropical region.
Hypolimnas misippus map

Synonyms
(--- The taxon marked with an asterisk is cited from other literature and I have not been able to confirm the original description.)

Papilio diocippus Cramer, 1775 : Uitl. Kapellen 1:44, pl.28, figs.B,♀,C,♀(Un). TL. 'Batavia'
Papilio inaria Cramer, 1779 : Uitl. Kapellen 3(18):37, pl.214, A,♀,B,♀(Un). TL. 'Amboina ; Java'
Hypolimnas alcippoides Butler, 1883 : Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5)12:102. TL. Victoria Nyanza.
Hypolimnas misippus ab.♀. dorippoides Aurivillius, [1899] : Rhop. Aethiopica :148. TL. 'Aethiopische Region'
Hypolimnas misippus fa. picta Fruhstorfer, 1912 : in Seitz, Grossschmett Erde 9:547. TL. Formosa.
Hypolimnas misippus ab. pallens Nire, 1917 : Zool. Mag. 29(343):144-145, 147, pl.3, fig.4,♀. TL. "Horisha in Formosa" [Puli, Taiwan]. (♀) (IFS)
Hypolimnas misippus ab. horina Tanaka, 1941 : Zephyrus 9(1):4, fig.2,♀. TL. "Taiwan Hori" [Puli, Taiwan]. (IFS) (♀)
Hypolimnas misippus ab. luculentus Murayama & Shimonoya, 1966 : Trans. lepid. Soc. Japan 16(3/4):61, fig.36,♂(Un). TL. Urai, Taiwan. (♂) (IFS)

∗ "Hypolimnas immima Bernardi, 1959 : Bull. Inst. franc. Afr. noire (A)21:1023."
Records taken from Literature

[ THAILAND ]
Hypolimnas misippus ; Godfrey,1916 : 127. (Bangkok; Sriracha)
Hypolimnas misippus ; Godfrey,1927 : 123. (N)
Hypolimnas misippus ; Godfrey,1930 : 274. (Bangkok)
Hypolimnas misippus ♀f.inaria ; Davidson & Macbeth,1938 : 73. (no loc.)
Hypolimnas misippus misippus ; Pinratana,1979 : 31, figs.N46,♂,♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai; Khon Ken; Nakhon Ratchasima; Saraburi; Bangkok; Chonburi; Lampang; Prachuap Khiri Khan)
Hypolimnas misippus misippus ; Pinratana & Eliot,1996 : 35, pl.16, figs.42,♂,♀. (Chiang Mai; Loei; Lampang; Nakhon Ratchasima; Nakhon Nayok; Bangkok; Chonburi; Rayong; Prachuap Kirikhan)
Hypolimnas misippus misippus ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2000 : 254, fig.89,♂. (Mukdahan: Phu Mu)
Hypolimnas misippus misippus ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 372, pl.160, figs.N43,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Lamphun)
Hypolimnas misippus misippus ; Les Day,2011-2022 : Samui Butterflies, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Koh Samui; Koh Phangan) (accessed: 2021.09.18)
Hypolimnas misippus misippus ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 504, pl.224, figs.N391,♂,♂(Un),♀. (Lamphun)
Hypolimnas misippus ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, fig., Early Stages. (Chiang Mai; Nakhon Nayok; Chachoengsao; Phetchaburi) (accessed: 2023.04.27)
Hypolimnas misippus misippus ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 61, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Suthep; Phu Kradung; Phrachoup Kirikan)
Hypolimnas misippus misippus ; Küppers & Janikorn,2020 : 96-97, figs.Abb.N-585-586. (Phang Nga)

[ LAOS ]
Hypolimnas misippus ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 55, pl.47, figs.7,♂,8,♂(Un) ; pl.48, figs.1,♀,2,♀(Un). (Tha Ngone; Luang Prabang)
Hypolimnas misippus misippus ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 205, pl.52, fig.♂. (Vang Vieng)
Hypolimnas misippus ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 44.
Hypolimnas misippus ; Onodera,2022 : 31, pl.101, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Oudomxai; Champasak: Pakse)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Hypolimnas misippus ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 119, fig.3A♂. (Siem Reap; Battambang)

[ VIETNAM ]
Hypolimnas misippus ; Lemée,1950 : 13. (Hagiang)
Hypolimnas misippus ; Metaye,1957 : 95. (N / C / S)
Hypolimnas misippus ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006b : 20, figs.N-30,♂[♀]. (Bin Thuan: Dong Tien)
Hypolimnas misippus ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 33. (N / C / S)
Hypolimnas misippus ; Saito et al.,2017 : 81. (S: Nui Ket)
Hypolimnas misippus ; Monastyrskii,2019 : 4(1):130, pl.29, figs.2a♂,2b♂(Un),2c♀. (N: Ba Be; Tam Dao / C: Vu Quang / S: Cat Tien)


Specimens Examined

[ THAILAND ]
Chiang Mai : 10♂ 1♀ (incl. photo).
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Chonburi : 1♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Chachoengsao : 1♂ 1♀ (incl. photo by S.Sophonviwatkul).
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Chanthaburi : 1♂ 1♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Yala : 2♂.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec


[ LAOS ]
Bolikhamxai : 1♂ (photo by H.Onodera).
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec


Notes

The butterfly is locally common in montane and secondary forests at low to high elevations (Alt. 100 - 1600m), and is frequently found on hilltops. Males are territorial on shrubs or on the ground.
Females are polymorphic. In this region, f.misippus is generally found, but f.inaria also occurs rarely. The female f.misippus mimics Danaus chrysippus or Danaus genutia (Danainae), while f.inaria seems to mimic Acraea terpsicore.


Literature

Linnaeus, C.,1764 : Museum S:ae R:ae M.tis Ludovicae Ulricae Reginae Svecorum, Gothorum, Vandalorumque, etc.
In quo Animalia Rariora, Exotica, Imprimis, Insecta. & Conchilia desribuntur et detarminantur.
Stockholm. i-vi + 720pp.

Cramer, P.,1775-1780 :
De uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in de drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Africa en America. Papillons exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amerique.
Amsteldam, S.J.Baalde; Barthelemy Wild and J. Van Schoonhoven & Comp.
1(1/7):i-xxx, 1-16, 1-132, pls.1-84 ([31 December]1775), (8):133-155, pls.85-96 (1776); 2(9/16):1-151, pls.97-192 (1777); 3(17/22):1-128, pls.193-264 (1779), (23/24):129-176, pls.265-288 (1780); 4(25/26):1-28, pls.289-304 (1780)

Butler, A.G.,1883 : On some Lepidoptera from the Victoria Nyanza.
Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5)12:101-107.

Aurivillius, P.O.C.,[1899] : Rhopalocera Aethiopica.
K. svenska Vetenskaps-Akad. Handl. (nf)31(5):3-561, pls.1-6.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1912 : 6. Familie: Nymphalidae in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9
545-552. (27.Aug.1912)

Nire, K.,1917 : Descriptions of a New species and some aberrant forms of Japanese Rhopalocera.
Zool. Mag. (Dobutsu-gaku Zasshi) 29(343):142-148.

Tanaka, R.,1941 : On some aberrant forms of Butterflies from Honshu and Formosa.
Zephyrus 9(1):4-5.

Murayama, S. & Shimonoya, Y.,1966 : Some Formosan butterflies of new species, new race, new aberrant forms or little known species and forms.
Trans. lepid. Soc. Japan 16(3/4):58-67.


Hypolimnas misippus ♂ Hypolimnas misippus ♀
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. ♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Hypolimnas misippus ♂ Hypolimnas misippus ♂
♂ (territorial behavior), Chiang Mai, Thailand. ♂, Yala, Thailand.

2008.02.29 - 2023.12.31.

A Check list of Butterflies in Indo-China, Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM. Copyright © 1996- Y.Inayoshi.