♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♀, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi)
♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.		♂, Lam Dong, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito)

ON : Niphanda asialis ssp. OD : TL : Distribution : India to Myanmar, Yunnan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

[ THAILAND ]
Niphanda cymbia marcia ; Godfrey,1916 : 137. (Prae: Mae Song forest)
Niphanda fusca marcia ; Fruhstorfer,1915-1924 : 901. (Siam)
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Pinratana,1981 : 69, pl.11, figs.7,♂,8,♀,9,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Katsuyama et al.,2005 : 66, fig.83,♂. (Umphang: Tha Sai; Umphang)
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 588, pl.266, figs.L157,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai; Umphang)
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 612, pl.277, figs.L180,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai; Umphang)
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Kimura et al.,2014 : 154, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Dao; Maethro; Phu Khiewo; Kao Soi Dao)
Niphanda asialis ; Sophonviwatkul et al.,2015– : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai) (accessed: 2023.05.07)
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Nishimura,2026 : 39, figs.73,♂,73v♂(Un). (Mae Hong Son: Na Pu Pon)

[ LAOS ]
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 73, pl.104, figs.A7,♂,A8,♂(Un). (Vang Vieng)
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Osada et al.,1999 : 216, pl.112, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀. (Oudomxay)
Niphanda asialis ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 52.
Niphanda asialis ; Onodera,2022 : 83, pl.213, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un). (Oudomxai; Vientiane: Vang Vieng)

[ VIETNAM ]
Niphanda asialis ; Miyazaki et al.,2010 : 28, figs.L-164,♂,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri)
Niphanda asialis ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 54. (by literature)

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 4♂ (incl. photo).

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Ching Mai : 12♂ 2♀ (incl. photo).

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Lampang : 5♂ (incl. photo).

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Phrae : 1♂.

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Nan : 1♂.

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Phetchabun : 1♀ (photo).

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Nakhon Nayok : 1♀.

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[ LAOS ]
Vientiane : 2♂.

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[ VIETNAM ]
Lam Dong : 1♂ 1♀.

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The butterfly is locally common in forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 450 - 1200m). Males are territorial on trees at hilltops. Males are frequently observed mud-puddling along stream banks and at puddles.
The continental taxon is often treated as marcia, but Eliot (1981) mentioned that it should be treated as a nomen dubium. It seems to be a different taxon from the populations of W. Malaysia and Sumatra. Thus the name for the continental subspecies is temporarily lost. Further taxonomic study is needed.

Nicéville, L. de,1895 : On new and little-known Lepidoptera from the Indo-Malayan Region, (1).
J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 10(1): 13-40, pls.R,S,T.

Fawcett, J.M.,1904 : On some New and Little-known Butterflies, mainly from high elevations in the N.E. Himalayas.
Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1904(2)(1): 134-141, pl.9.

Eliot, J.N.,1981 : On some butterfies from Malaysia and Peninsular Thailand.
Malay. nat. J. 38(2): 99-111.

♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂ (territorial behaviour), Chiang Mai, Thailand.

1999.07.11 - 2026.02.28.