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| ♂, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi) | ♀, Chonburi, Thailand. | ||
| ON :
Pandita sinope Moore, [1858] OD : in Horsfield & Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. East India Co. (1):182, pl.6a, fig.3,♂. TL : Java. (NHML) Distribution : Thailand, S.Vietnam, W.Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo, Sumatra, Banyak, Singkep, Lingga, Bangka, Belitung, Nias, Java. |
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Records taken from Literature
[ THAILAND ]
Pandita sinope sinope ; Godfrey,1916 : 130. (Chonburi: Hup Bon)
Pandita sinope sinope ; Godfrey,1930 : 287. (Chonburi: Hup Bon)
Pandita sinope sinope ; Pinratana,1979 : 63, figs.N112,♂,♂(Un). (Narathiwat)
Pandita sinope sinope ; Pinratana & Eliot,1996 : 62, pl.40, figs.112,♂,♂(Un). (Chanthaburi; Narathiwat)
Pandita sinope sinope ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 410, pl.179, figs.N116,♂,♂(Un),♀. (Chanthaburi)
Pandita sinope sinope ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 420, pl.183, figs.N282,♂,♂(Un),♀. (Chanthaburi)
Pandita sinope sinope ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Nakhon Nayok; Chanthaburi) (accessed: 2020.12.05)
Pandita sinope sinope ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 91, figs.♀,♀(Un). (Tok Phrom)
[ VIETNAM ]
Pandita sinope ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 35. (S: Dong Nai; Nam Cat Tien; Phu Quoc)
Pandita sinope sinope ; Monastyrskii,2019 : 4(2):36, pl.38, fig.3,♂. (S: Nam Cat Tien; Phu Quoc)
Specimens Examined
[ THAILAND ]
Nakhon Nayok : 6♂ 1♀ (photo by S.Sophonviwatkul & M.Hayashi).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Chonburi : 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Chanthaburi : 2♂ (incl. photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Trat : 1♂.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Satun : 2♂ 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Naratiwat : 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Notes
This species was recently changed to genus Athyma based on DNA analysis.
It is also confirmede by the morphology of the early stages.
The butterfly is locally not rare in montane forest at low elevations (Alt.20m - 200m).
The populations from C. to S.E.Thailand tend to have prominent white spots on the UnF, but these are rather variable.
Further taxonomic study is needed.
Literature
Horsfield, T. & Moore, F.,[1858] :
A catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of the Honourable East-India Company. Vol.1.
London. East India Co.
Tan, H.,2009 : Life History of the Colonel (Pandita sinope sinope)
Butterflies of Singapore
Wu, L.W., Chiba, H., Lees, D.C., Ohsima, Y. & Jeng, M.L.,2019 : Unravelling relationships among the shared stripes of sailors:
Mitogenomic phylogeny of Limenitidini butterflies (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae,Limenitidinae), focusing on the genera Athyma and Limenitis
Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 130(2019):60-66.
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| ♂, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi) | ♀, Satun, Thailand. (photo by A.Giudici) |
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| ♀, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi) | ♀ with ♂, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi) |
2007.01.20 - 2022.10.31.
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