ON : Watsonia swinhoei Elwes & Edwards, 1897 OD : Trans. zool. Soc. Lond. 14(4): 220, pl.20, fig.6. TL : "Khasia Hills" [Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, India]. (NHML) Distribution : Sikkim, Assam, Myanmar (Sadon; N.Shan States), Laos, Vietnam. ● ssp.disca ● ssp.swinhoei

[ LAOS ]
Stimula swinhoei ssp. ; Masui & Uehara,1999 : 19,22, figs.28,♂,♂(Un). (Oudomxay)
Stimula swinhoei ssp. ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 223, pl.139, fig.♂. (Oudomxay)
Stimula swinhoei swinhoei ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 59.
Stimula swinhoei swinhoei ; Onodera,2022 : 115, pl.251, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Oudomxai)

[ VIETNAM ]
Stimula swinhoei swinhoei ; Devyatkin & Monastyrskii,1999 : 168. (Ba Be)
Stimula swinhoei swinhoei ; Devyatkin & Monastyrskii,2003 : 124. (S: Bi Doup - Nui Ba)
Stimula swinhoei swinhoei ; Luong et al.,2004 : 14. (Cuc Phuong)
Stimula swinhoei swinhoei ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 79. (N / C: to Lam Dong)

Although the status of the population of Laos is not clear, I tentatively treat it as the nominotypical subspecies.
Molecular analysis shows that Stimula is a subgenus of Koruthaialos, according to Zhang et al. (2022: 39). However, their habits are quite different. Further taxonomic study is needed.

Elwes, H.J. & Edwards, J.,1897 : A Revision of the Oriental Hesperiidae.
Trans. zool. Soc. Lond. 14(4): 101-324, pls.18-27.

Evans, W.H.,1949 : A catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia and Australia in the British Museum (Natural History).
i-xix + 1-502, pls.1-35. London.

Zhang, J., Cong, Q., Shen, J. & Grishin, N.V.,2022 : Taxonomic changes suggested by the genomic analysis of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera).
Insecta Mundi 0921: 1-135.

1999.09.04 - 2025.01.31.