♂ (dsf), Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♀ (dsf), Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂ (wsf), Nan, Thailand.		♀ (dsf), Ranong, Thailand.

ON : Pterygospidea menaka Moore, 1866 OD : Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1865(3):778-779. TL : N.E.Bengal. (NHML) Distribution : N.W.Himalaya, Nepal to Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Hainan.

Tagiades vulturna Plötz, 1884 : Jb. nass. Ver. Nat. 37:48. TL. Calcutta.
Tagiades gavina Fruhstorfer, 1910 : Deut. ent. Zeit. [Iris] 24:78. TL. Chiem-Hoa, Tonkin. (♂, NHML)

[ THAILAND ]
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Godfrey,1930 : 362. (W: Huey Tak So)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Evans,1949 : 148. (Siam)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Pinratana,1985 : 43, pl.16, fig.75,♀. (Chiang Mai)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 768, pl.353, figs.H93,♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀. (Phrae; Chiang Rai: Wiang Pa Pao; Chiang Mai: Doi Pui)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 48, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Pha Hom Pok; Doi Suthep; Di Inthanon; Phu Khiewo; Kratchin WF; Pranburi; Doi Musso; Mae Sohd; Thung Pha Pom [Thong Pha Phum]; Sai York Noi; Muang Shone; Ka Chong)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 818, pl.378, figs.H90,♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀. (Phrae; Wiang Pa Pao; Doi Pui)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Okamoto et al.,2013 : 6. (Kanchanaburi: Mae Klong Station)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai; Phetchabun; Sa Kaeo; Nakhon Nayok) (accessed: 2023.06.09)

[ LAOS ]
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 80, pl.111, figs.B11,♂,B12,♂(Un). (Nam Moh)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 222, pl.136, figs.♂,♀. (Boun Neua; Lak Sao)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 58.
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Onodera,2022 : 108, pl.245, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Oudomxai; Khammouan: Natung)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Kosterin,2019 : 99, fig.58. (Kampot)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 125. (Kampot)

[ VIETNAM ]
Tagiades menaka ; Metaye,1957 : 77.
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Devyatkin & Monastyrskii,1999 : 162. (Tam Dao; Ba Be; Ba Na)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Devyatkin & Monastyrskii,2003 : 123. (S: Cat Tien)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Luong et al.,2004 : 13. (Cuc Phuong)
Tagiades menaka ; Monastyrskii et al.,2006 : 45. (Thua Thien Hue: A Luoi; Phong Dien; Bach Ma)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2007b : 7, figs.H-41,♂,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri; Dai Duc Me)
Tagiades menaka menaka ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 74. (N / C: to Lam Dong)

[ THAILAND ]
Chiang Rai : 1♀.

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Chiang Mai : 15♂ 7♀ (incl. photo).

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Lampang : 1♂ (photo).

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Nan : 5♂ 1♀.

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Phetchabun : 1♂ (photo).

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Tak : 1♂.

Jan

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Nakhon Nayok : 1♂ (photo by S.Sophonviwatkul).

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Chanthaburi : 2♂.

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Ranong : 2♂ 2♀.

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Surat Thani : 2♂.

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The butterfly is common in montane forests at low to high elevations (Alt. 30 - 1500m). Both sexes visit flowers. They often fly out from bushes along the trail and rest on the underside of leaves with their wings spread.

Moore, F.,1866 : On the lepidopterous insects of Bengal.
Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1865(3):755-822, 3 pls.

Plötz, C.,1884 : Die Hesperiinen-Gruppe der Achlyoden.
Jb. nass. Ver. Nat. 37:1-55.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1910 : Neue Hesperiden des Indo-Malayischen Faunengebietes und Besprechung verwandter Formen.
Deut. ent. Zeit. [Iris] 24(3-5):58-104.

♂ (wsf), Lampang, Thailand.	♂ (dsf), Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♀ (dsf, laying egg), Chiang Mai, Thailand.

1999.07.31 - 2024.04.30.