♂, Nan, Thailand.		♀, Nan, Thailand.
♂, Nan, Thailand.		♂, Phetchaburi, Thailand.

ON : Papilio limniace Cramer, 1775 OD : Uitl. Kapellen 1:92, pl.59, figs.D,E(Un). TL : China. Distribution : Myanmar, Andamans, Nicobars, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Hainan, China, Taiwan,

[ THAILAND ]
Danais limniace limniace ; Godfrey,1916 : 118. (Petchaburi River; Chonburi: Sriracha)
Danaida limniace limniace ; Godfrey,1927 : 121. (N)
Danaida limniace limniace ; Godfrey,1930 : 235. (Chonburi: Sriracha; Bangkok; Petchaburi River)
Danaus limniace loepardus ; Pinratana,1977 : 70, figs.D7,♂,♀(Un). (except N)
Tirumala limniace exotica ; Pinratana & Eliot,1992 : 57,71, pl.72, fig.7,♂. (Chiang Mai; Bangkok; Chonburi)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2002 : 19, fig.49,♂. (Mukdahan: Ban Na Lak; Ban Gok Tum)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Yamaguchi, Aoki & Akiyama,2005 : 47. (Mukdahan: Phu Hin Khan)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 186, pl.65, figs.D7,♀,♂(Un). (Bangkok; Chiang Mai)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 186, pl.65, figs.N7,♀,♀(Un). (Bangkok; Chiang Mai)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai; Bangkok; Chachoengsao) (accessed: 2022.12.07)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 28, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Ban Gok Tum; Bang Phu; Kao Khiewo; Bangkok)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Küppers & Janikorn,2017 : 229, figs.Abb.Da-095-096. (Phang Nga)

[ LAOS ]
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 52, pl.32, figs.5,♀,6,♀(Un). (Tha Ngone)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 204, pl.42, fig.♂. (Nong Het)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 43.
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Onodera,2022 : 22, pl.79, figs.♀,♀(Un). (Luang Phabang: Hatgna)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Kosterin,2019b : 30, fig.19,[♀](Un). (Mondulkiri)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 114. (Mondulkiri; Stueng Treng)

[ VIETNAM ]
Danais limniace ; Joannis,1901 : 315. (Tonkin: Cao Bang)
Danais mutina ; Lemée,1950 : 64. (Saigon)
Danaus limniace limniace ; Metaye,1957 : 100. (N / C / S)
Danaus limniace limniace ; Metaye,1958a : 154, pl.1, fig.6,♂. (all over)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Morishita,1970 : 64-65, figs.5, ♂,(form limniace),♀(form leopardus). (Cholon; Trang Bom; Nhatrang)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Ikeda et al.,1999 : 50, figs.1:6,♂,7,♀,8,♀(Un),9:2(♂genitalia). (Cuc Phuong)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Luong et al.,2004 : 3, 37, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006 : 15, figs.D-5,♂♀. (Lam Dong: Dai Duc Me; Bin Thuan: Dong Tien)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Monastyrskii,2011 : 34, pl.5, figs.1a♂,1b♂(Un),1c♂,1d♀. (N: Huu Lien; Ba Vi; Tam Dao / C: Pu Mat; Vu Quang; Chu Yang Sin; Nui Chua; Yok Don / S: Lo Go Sa Mat; Cat Tien; Con Dao)
Tirumala limniace limniace ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 19. (N / C / S)

[ THAILAND ]
Chiang Mai : 5♂ (photo).

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Nan : 5♂ 3♀.

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Phetchaburi : 2♂.

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Prachuap Khiri Khan : 1♂.

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The butterfly is locally not rare in secondary and montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 150 - 550m). Both sexes visit flowers.

Cramer, P.,1775-1780 :
De uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in de drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Africa en America. Papillons exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amerique.
Amsteldam, S.J.Baalde; Barthelemy Wild and J. Van Schoonhoven & Comp.
1(1/7):i-xxx, 1-16, 1-132, pls.1-84 ([31 December]1775), (8):133-155, pls.85-96 (1776); 2(9/16):1-151, pls.97-192 (1777); 3(17/22):1-128, pls.193-264 (1779), (23/24):129-176, pls.265-288 (1780); 4(25/26):1-28, pls.289-304 (1780)

♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

1998.11.15 - 2024.02.29.