Calinaga davidis rarus

Calinaga davidis rarus Monastyrskii, 2012


♂, Yen Bai, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito)

ON : Calinaga davidis rarus Monastyrskii, 2012
OD : Atalanta 43(1/2): 161, pl.1, fig.6(HT,♂).
TL : Van Ban, Lao Cai, N.Vietnam. (NHML)

Distribution : S.E.Sichuan, N.Vietnam.

Type Materials Information

Holotype ♂, 30.Mar.2005. Xam Xay river, 900m, Van Ban dist., Lao Cai prov., N.Vietnam. A.Monastyrskii leg. (NHML, photo examined)
Paratype : 1♂, 01.Apr.2007. Cat Cat village, 1150m, Hoang Lien N.P., Lao Cai prov., N.Vietnam. A.Monastyrskii leg.

Records taken from Literature

[ VIETNAM ]
Calinaga davidis rarus: Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 45, pl.8, fig.29a,Holotype,♂,29b,Holotype,♂(Un). (N: Lao Cai)
Calinaga davidis rarus: Monastyrskii,2019 : 4(1):42–43, pl.2, figs.2a(HT,♂),2b(HT,♂Un). (N: Lao Cai: Hoang Lien; Van Ban)
Calinaga buphonas rarus: Tshikolovets,2020 : 74–75, pl.XXXI, figs.1(HT,♂),2(HT,♂Un),3(♂),4(♂Un). (N.Vietnam: Lao Cai; Yen Bai)

Specimens Examined

[ VIETNAM ]
Yen Bai : 1♂.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Notes
Tshikolovets (2020: 58) treated davidis, cercyon, buphonas and aborica as "superspecies davidis" and these taxa as separate species. He treated rarus as a subspecies of buphonas and stated that it is distributed in N. Vietnam and S.E. Sichuan. Todisco et al. (2024) treat aborica as a distinct group and the remaining taxa as subspecies of davidis based on their molecular analysis. I tentatively follow their treatment. However, based on the genitalia, the davidis group is not a single species, but could be divided into several species. The genus Calinaga is extremely difficult to identify by morphological characters and needs to be verified, including genitalia and further DNA analysis.

Literature

Monastyrskii, A.L, 2012. New taxa and new records of butterflies from Vietnam (4) (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera).
Atalanta, 43(1/2): 156–164.

Tshikolovets, V, 2020. The Genus Calinaga Moore, [1858] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Calinaginae).
Tshikolovets Publications, Pardubice, 159 pp., 56 pls.

Todisco, V, Basu, D.N, Prosser, S.W.J, Russell, S, Mutanen, M, Zilli, A, Huertas, B, Kunte, K. & Vane-Wright, R, 2024.
DNA barcodes from over-a-century-old type specimens shed light on the taxonomy of a group of rare butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Calinaginae).
PLoS ONE, 19(7): e0305825, "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305825"

2020.01.31 - 2024.10.31.