Mycalesis visala visala

Mycalesis visala visala Moore, [1858]


♂ (dsf), Phrae, Thailand.		♀ (dsf), Nan, Thailand.

♂, Tak, Thailand.		♀, Nan, Thailand.

♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.		♀ (dsf), Phrae, Thailand.

♂ (dsf), Ranong, Thailand.		♀ (dsf), Ranong, Thailand.

ON : Mycalesis visala Moore, [1858]
OD : in: Horsfield & Moore, Cat. lep. Ins. East-India Co. 1:230.
TL : Darjeeling ; Bootan ; N.India. (NHML)

Distribution : India to Myanmar, Thailand (Ranong and Northward),
Laos.

	● ssp.visala
	● ssp.phamis

Synonym

Calysisme indistans Moore, 1880 : Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 28(4):164. TL. Calcutta.

Type Materials Information

visala : Syntype 1♂ 2♀, Darjeeling, Bootan & N.India. (♀,Rh2739, ♀,Rh4087, NHML)

Records taken from Literature

[ THAILAND ]
Mycalesis visala neovisala ; Godfrey,1927 : 122. (N)
Mycalesis visala neovisala ; Godfrey,1930 : 249. (Chiang Rai)
Mycalesis visala visala ; Aoki & Yamaguchi,1984 : 53-54. (Chiang Mai: Fang; Tam Tab Tao; Mae Sa Nam Tok; Chiang Rai: Wing Pa Pao; Tak: Doi Musso; Chanthaburi: Pon Nham Ron)
Mycalesis visala phamis ; Aoki & Yamaguchi,1984 : 54-55, fig.27,♂. (Ranong: Ranong) (in part)
Mycalesis visala visala ; Pinratana,1988 : 23, pl.25, figs.57a♂,♀. (Chiang Mai; Nakhon Nayok; Tak; Chanthaburi)
Mycalesis visala phamis ; Pinratana,1988 : 23, pl.25, figs.57b♂,♀. (Ranong) (in part)
Mycalesis mineus macromalayana ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 268, pl.106, figs.S58b♂,♂(Un). (in part)
Mycalesis visala visala ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : pl.108, figs.S63a♂[♀],♂[♀](Un). (Chiang Mai; Doi Phu Kha)
Mycalesis mineus macromalayana ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 268, pl.106, figs.N93b♂,♂(Un). (in part)
Mycalesis visala visala ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 272, pl.108, figs.N98a♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai; Doi Phu Kha)
Mycalesis visala visala ; Okamoto et al.,2013 : 9. (Kanchanaburi: Mae Klong Station)
Mycalesis visala visala ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 182, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Par Hom Pok; Phu Khiewo; Kao Soi Dao; Doi Musso; Mas Sohd)
Mycalesis visala phamis ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 182, figs.♂(Kam Puan),♂(Un,Kam Puan). (Ranong Hot Spring; Kam Puan; Muang Shone; Khlong Naka) (in part)

[ LAOS ]
Mycalesis visala f. neovisala ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 30. (Muong-You; Hat-Thoua; Son-Hat; Muong-Kop)
Mycalesis visala visala ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 64, pl.85, figs.7,♂,8,♂(Un). (Luang Prabang)
Mycalesis visala visala ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 211, pl.94, fig.♂. (Vang Vieng)
Mycalesis visala visala ; Uémura,2004 : 4, fig.21,map, fig.32,♂(dsf). (Vang Vieng)
Mycalesis visala visala ; Nimura & Wakahara,2005 : 44. (Namdhua; Laksao)
Mycalesis visala visala ; Uémura,2006 : 6, fig.30,map. (Namdhua; Lak Sao)
Mycalesis visala visala ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 49.
Mycalesis visala visala ; Onodera,2022 : 59, pl.177, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Luang Phabang: Marphouk)

Specimens Examined

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 1♂ 2♀.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Chiang Mai : 6♂ 1♀.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Phrae : 1♂ 1♀.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Tak : 3♂.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Nan : 2♂ 5♀.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Chanthaburi : 1♂ 1♀.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Ranong : 5♂ 9♀.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

[ LAOS ]
Luang Phabang : 1♂ (photo by H.Onodera).

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Notes

The butterfly is locally common in montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 450 - 1300m).
The population from Ranong, P.Thailand has been conventionally treated as ssp.phamis, however, it should be treated as the nominotypical subspecies due to its distinct dry-season form.
Identification of this species requires examination of the colour and shape of the male androconial brand on the UnF and UpH, or the male genitalia. Most species in the mineus group are very difficult to identify using the underside markings.

The differences of the Mycalesis mineus group. (♂ androconial brand). Both characteristics must be confirmed for identification.

perseus perseoides mineus intermedia distanti visala
♂ UnF Mycalesis perseus ♂ UnF Mycalesis perseoides ♂ UnF Mycalesis mineus ♂ UnF Mycalesis intermedia ♂ UnF Mycalesis distanti ♂ UnF Mycalesis visala ♂ UnF

black (small) dark brown dark brown (small) dark brown brown pale yellow (long)
♂ UpH Mycalesis perseus ♂ UpH Mycalesis perseoides ♂ UpH Mycalesis mineus ♂ UpH Mycalesis intermedia ♂ UpH Mycalesis distanti ♂ UpH Mycalesis visala ♂ UpH

black (small) black (long and slender) salmon pink or
dark brown pale yellow (oval, large) pale yellow (large)
(extends to the base of space 6) pale yellow (long and slender)

Literature

Moore, F.,[1858] : in: Horsfield & Moore, A catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company. Vol.1.
London, W.H. Allen and Co. v + 278 pp., 12 pls.

Moore, F.,1880 : On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the Genus Mycalesis ;
with descriptions of new genera and species.
Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 28(4):155-177.

Uémura, Y.,1985 : Identification guide to the Thai-Malayan species of the mineus-group of Mycalesis (Lepidoptera: Satyridae)
Yadoriga 123:2-9. (in Japanese)

1998.12.05 - 2023.07.31.

The differences of the Mycalesis mineus group. (♂ androconial brand). Both characteristics must be confirmed for identification.
	perseus	perseoides	mineus	intermedia	distanti	visala
♂ UnF
	black (small)	dark brown	dark brown (small)	dark brown	brown	pale yellow (long)
♂ UpH
	black (small)	black (long and slender)	salmon pink or dark brown	pale yellow (oval, large)	pale yellow (large) (extends to the base of space 6)	pale yellow (long and slender)