♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Phrae, Thailand.		♀, Phrae, Thailand.
♂, Vientiane, Laos.		♀, Phrae, Thailand.
♂, Phrae, Thailand.		♀, Phetchabun, Thailand.
♂, Phrae, Thailand.		♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Vientiane, Laos.		♀, Phong Saly, Laos.
♂, '1988.01.--. Ranong', Thailand.		♂ genitalia, Phrae, Thailand.

Specimens from transition zone of melema and mimetica
♂, Phetchabun, Thailand.		♂, Mukdaharn, Thailand.
♂ genitalia, Phetchabun, Thailand.		♂ genitalia, Mukdaharn, Thailand.

ON : Penthema darlisa melema Riley & Godfrey, 1921 OD : J. nat. Hist. Soc. Siam 4(3):175, pl.5, fig.1,♂. TL : "Me Song forest, Prae, N. Siam" [Phrae, Thailand]. (NHML) Distribution : Thailand, Laos, Vietnam. ● ssp.darlisa ● ssp.melema ● transition zone of melema and mimetica ● ssp.mimetica ● ssp.merguia

Penthema binghami godfreyi Riley, 1932 : J. nat. Hist. Soc. Siam Suppl. 8:250. TL. Upper Me Lem, "Prae, N. Siam" [Phrae, Thailand]. (NHML)

melema :
Holotype ♂, Rh122. Upper Me Lem, Prae, Siam. E.J.Godfrey, designated by R.I.Vane-Wright,1970. (NHML, examined)
Allotype ♀, 24.Apr.1924. Maymyo, N.Shan States. (NHML, examined)
Paratypes : 1♂, Apr.1918. Me Tharm, Prae Dist. N.Thailand. E.J.Godfrey. (NHML, examined) ; 1♀, Apr.1819. Upper Me Lem, Prae. N.Thailand. E.J.Godfrey. (NHML, examined)
godfreyi :
Holotype ♂, Apr.1918. Upper Melem, Prae Dist.,N.Siam. E.J.Godfrey. (NHML, examined)
Paratypes : 1♂, Apr.1918. Meetam, Prae, N.Siam. E.J.Godfrey. (NHML, examined) ; 1♂, 25.Apr.1916. Me Song, Prae, N.Siam. (NHML, examined)

[ THAILAND ]
Penthema darlisa melema ; Godfrey,1927 : 123. (N)
Penthema darlisa melema ; Godfrey,1930 : 266-267. (Prae: Me Song forest)
Penthema binghami mimetica ; Godfrey,1930 : 266. (Prae: Me Song forest) (in part)
Penthema binghami godfreyi ; Godfrey,1932b : 323. (Upper Me Lem; Prae: Me Song forest)
Penthema darlisa melema ; Pinratana,1979 : 6, figs.N8a♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai; 'Trang' [loc.err.]) (in part)
Penthema darlisa melema ; Pinratana,1988 : 19, pl.21, fig.44a♂. (Chiang Mai; Nakhon Panom; Chaiyaphum; Phitsanulok) (in part)
Penthema darlisa melema ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 261-262, pl.102, figs.S50a♂(Phrae),♂,♂(Un)(Phu Khieo). (Phrae; Chiang Dao; Phu Khieo) (in part)
Penthema darlisa mimetica ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 261-262, pl.103, figs.S50c♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(ab.). (Phayao; Phrae; Phu Khieo)
Penthema darlisa mimetica ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 260, pl.102, figs.N85a♂,♂(Un). (Phayao)
Penthema darlisa melema ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 260, pl.102, fig.N85b♂(Phrae),♂,♂(Un)(Phu Khieo),♂,♂(Un)(Phu Khieo). (Mae Rim; Phrae; Phu Khieo) (in part)
Penthema darlisa melema ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai; Phetchabun) (accessed: 2023.07.01)
Penthema darlisa mimetica ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 160, figs.♂,♂(Un)(Phu Khiewo),♂,♂(Un)(Phu Khiewo),♂,♂(Un)(Thung Saleng Luang),♀,♀(Un)(Doi Suthep). (Doi Suthep; Ban Salok; Thung Saleng Luang; Phu Khiewo) (in part)

[ LAOS ]
Penthema darlisa f. annamitica ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 35. (Laos)
Penthema darlisa mimetica ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 65, pl.89, figs.1,♂,2,♂(Un),3,♀[♂],4,♀[♂](Un). (Vang Vieng)
Penthema binghami ssp. ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 65, col.pl.14 ; pl.89, figs.5,♂,6,♂(Un). (Luang Prabang)
Penthema darlisa mimetica ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 210, pl.89, figs.♂,♂,♂,♂,♂,♂. (Lak Sao; Nhahin; Vang Vieng; Thabok)
Penthema darlisa mimetica ; Uémura,2003 : 3, fig.16 map. (Xam Neua)
Penthema darlisa mimetica f. mimetica ; Uémura,2003 : 3.
Penthema darlisa mimetica f. melema ; Uémura,2003 : 3.
Penthema darlisa mimetica f. godfreyi ; Uémura,2003 : 3.
Penthema darlisa melema ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 48.
Penthema darlisa melema ; Onodera,2022 : 54, pl.159, figs.♂,♂(Un), pl.160, figs.♂,♂(Un), pl.161, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Bolikamxai: Thabok; Phon Si)

[ VIETNAM ]
Penthema darlisa mimetica ; Luong et al.,2004 : 4, 45, figs.♂[♀],♂[♀](Un), 46, figs.♀,♀(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Penthema darlisa ; Ikeda et al.,1999 : 57, fig.5:6,♂,7,♂(Un),8,♀,9,♀, fig.9:24(♂,genitalia). (Cuc Phuong)
Penthema darlisa mimetica ; Monastyrskii,2005 : 42-43, pl.9, figs.1a♂,1b♂(Un),1c♂. (N: Cuc Phuong / C: Ben En; Pu Mat; Vu Quang)
Penthema darlisa mimetica ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 21. (N / C: to Ha Tinh)

[ THAILAND ]
Chiang Rai : 2♂ (incl. photo).

Jan

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May

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Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chiang Mai : 6♂ 2♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

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Lampang : 2♂ (incl. photo).

Jan

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Phrae : 19♂ 3♀.

Jan

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Apr

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Nan : 3♂ (photo).

Jan

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Mar

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Mukdaharn : 1♂.

Jan

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Phetchabun : 2♂.

Jan

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Chaiyaphum : 1♂.

Jan

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"Ranong : 1988.01.--. 1♂ P.Sukkit (PS)"

[ LAOS ]
Vientiane : 6♂ 2♀.

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The butterfly is locally common in montane bamboo forests at low to high elevations (Alt. 350 - 1800m). Males are territorial on shrubs.
There is a single specimen from 'Ranong' in Sukkit collection. but I suppose it may be incorrect data. Therefore, I treat it as an informal record until reconfirmed.
The populations in central-northern to eastern Thailand are highly variable, with individuals often found that appear to be an intermediate between ssp.melema and ssp.mimetica in wing shape and genitalia. This area is considered a transition zone between two subspecies.
The shape of the valva between the darlisa group (darlisa, melema and merguia) and mimetica is rather different. The taxon mimetica is much closer to michallati, bowringi, adelma and formosanum than to the lisarda and darlisa group. Further taxonomic study is needed.

Riley N.D. & Godfrey, E.J.,1921 : Some undescribed Rhopalocera from Siam.
J. nat. Hist. Soc. Siam 4(3):167-190, 4pls.

Riley N.D.,1932 : Descriptions of New Siamese Rhopalocera.
J. nat. Hist. Soc. Siam Suppl. 8(4):249-254, 1pl.

♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂, Lampang, Thailand.
♂, Nan, Thailand.	♂ (territorial behavior), Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Phetchabun, Thailand.

1998.12.28 - 2024.05.31.