♂, Yala, Thailand.		♀, Yala, Thailand. (photo by E.Ikari)
♂, Yala, Thailand.		♂, Yala, Thailand.
♂, Yala, Thailand.		♂ genitalia, Yala, Thailand.

ON : Papilio ramaceus pendleburyi Corbet, 1941 OD : Entomologist 74:133. TL : "India orientali (circa Pulo Penang ?)". Distribution : P.Thailand (Nakhon Si Thammarat and Southward), W.Malaysia, Singapore, N. & E.Sumatra, Natuna. ● ssp.inayoshii ● ssp.pendleburyi

Papilio leucothoe Westwood, 1845 : Arcana Ent. 2:128, pl.79, fig.3. TL. "India orientali (circa Pulo Penang ?)" (NHML) (homonym)
Papilio ramaceus dealbatus Pendlebury, 1939 : J. Fed. Malay St. Mus. 18:381-382. (replacement name for Papilio leucothoe Westwood, 1845). (homonym)

leucothoe ; ♂, Type (red), Rh.11123, #149415, 'Singapore'. (NHML, examined)

[ THAILAND ]
Papilio leucothoe leucothoe ; Godfrey,1930 : 219. (Satun: Klawng Ton)
Papilio leucothoe leucothoe ; Godfrey,1932a : 264. (P)
Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi ; Pinratana,1977 : 61, fig.P52,♂. (Satun; Yala)
Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi ; Pinratana & Eliot,1992 : 34,45, pl.62, fig.51,♂. (Nakhon Sri Thammarat; Yala)
Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi ; RDPB & DNP,2006-2008 : Butterflies in Hala-Bala Forest, fig.[♂]. (Narathiwat: Hala Bala) (last update: 2006.12.31 ; accessed: 2024.04.10)
Paranticopsis ramaceus pendleburyi ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 116, pl.30, figs.P59,♂,♂(Un). ('Ranong' [loc.err.])
Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 135, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Than To WF.)
Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 116, pl.30, figs.P59,♂,♂(Un). ('Ranong' [loc.err.])
Graphium ramaceus pendleburyi ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Yala; Narathiwat) (accessed: 2023.05.18)

[ THAILAND ]
Yala : 12♂ 1♀ (incl. photo and photo by E.Ikari)

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The butterfly is locally common in montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 100 - 800m). Males frequently come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.
The white markings of males from Yala are highly variable and the whitest specimens resemble ssp.sachiyoae from Langkawi. I cannot say for sure but the female specimen shown above is most likely to be this species. Further taxonomic study and distributional research are needed.

Westwood, J.O.,1841-1845 : Arcana entomologica, or Illustrations of new, rare, and interesting exotic insects.
William Smith, London. 8 vol.

Pendlebury, H.M.,1939 : Notes on some new or little-known Malaysian Butterflies.
J. Fed. Malay St. Mus. 18(3):380-394, 1 pl.

Corbet, A.S.,1941 : Further revisional Notes on Malayan Rhopalocera.
Entomologist 74(6):133-135.

♂, Yala, Thailand.	♂, Yala, Thailand.
♂, Yala, Thailand.	♂, Yala, Thailand.

1996.10.08 - 2024.04.30.