Papilio palinurus palinurus

Papilio palinurus palinurus Fabricius, 1787


♂, Yala, Thailand. (RIEB)		♂, Satun, Thailand. (RIEB)

♂, Surat Thani, Thailand. (photo by K.Saito)

ON : Papilio palinurus Fabricius, 1787
OD : Mantissa Ins. 2: 2.
TL : 'Tranquebariae' ['Malay Peninsula']. (NHMD)

Distribution : S.Myanmar, Thailand, Langkawi, W.Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo.

Synonyms

Papilio regulus Stoll, 1790 : Uitl. Kapellen Aanh. (5): 175–176, pl.41, figs.1,♂, 1A♂(Un). TL. "Bengalen [Bengal, India or Bangladesh]".
Papilio brama Guérin-Méneville, 1840 : Revue Zool. 3(2): 43–44, pl.1, figs.3, 4. TL. "Cote Malaye" [W.Malaysia].
Papilio palinurus solinus Fruhstorfer, 1902 : Ins. Börse 19(15): 117. TL. Borneo. (NHML)
Papilio palinurus tubero Fruhstorfer, 1909 : Ent. Zeit. 22(42): 176. TL. "SO.-Borneo" [S.E.Borneo]. (NHML)
Papilio palinurus nikagoras Fruhstorfer, 1909 : Ent. Zeit. 22(42): 176. TL. Padang, W.-Sumatra. (NHML)

Type Materials Information

palinurus ; ♂, Lectotype designated by A.M. Cotton,2021 (NHMD, photo examined)
tubero ; ♂, Type (red), S.O.Borneo. (NHML, examined)
solinus ;
♂, Type (red), Feb. Lawas, Nord-Borneo, A. Everett. (NHML, examined)
♀, Type (red), Nort-Borneo. (NHML, examined)
nikagoras ; ♂, Type(red), Padang, Sumatra. (NHML, examined)

Records taken from Literature

[ THAILAND ]
Papilio palinurus palinurus: Godfrey,1916 : 111. (Phetchaburi River)
Papilio palinurus palinurus: Pendlebury,1923 : 24. (Nakhon Sri Thammarat: Lan Saka)
Papilio palinurus palinurus: Godfrey,1930 : 215. (Phetchaburi River; Bangnara)
Papilio palinurus palinurus: Godfrey,1932a : 264. (P)
Papilio palinurus palinurus: Pinratana,1977 : 50, figs.P36,♂,♂(Un). (Songkhla: Hoi Hin)
Papilio palinurus palinurus: Pinratana & Eliot,1992 : 27,44, pl.49, figs.39,♂,♀. (Kanchanaburi; Pattani; Trang; Satun; Yala)
Papilio palinulus ; RDPB & DNP,2006–2008 : Butterflies in Hala-Bala Forest, fig.[♂]. (Narathiwat: Hala Bala) (last update: 2006.12.28 ; accessed: 2024.04.10)
Papilio palinurus palinurus: Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 98, pl.21, figs.P42,♂,♂(Un),♀. (Koh Samui; Kanchanaburi)
Papilio palinurus palinurus: Les Day,2011–2022 : Samui Butterflies, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Koh Samui) (accessed: 2022.04.10)
Papilio palinurus palinurus: Kimura et al.,2011 : 129, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Tarutao Is.)
Papilio palinurus palinurus: Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 98, pl.21, figs.P39,♂,♂(Un),♀. (Koh Samui; Kanchanaburi)
Papilio palinurus palinurus: Küppers & Janikorn,2017 : 162, figs.Abb.Pa-109–110. (Phang Nga)
Papilio palinurus palinurus: Sophonviwatkul et al.,2022– : Butterflies of Thailand, figs., Early Stages. (Phetchaburi; Chumphon; Nakhon Si Thammarat) (accessed: 2026.05.28)
Papilio palinurus palinurus: Oh & Jeong,2026 : 142. (S.Thailand)

Specimens Examined

[ THAILAND ]
Phetchaburi : 2♂ (photo by T.Aoyama and A.Rukkasikorn).

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Surat Thani (Koh Samui dist.) : 1♂ (RIEB).

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Satun (Koh Tarutao) : 1♂ (RIEB).

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Yala : 4♂ (RIEB ; photo by S.Atdhabhan).

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Notes

The butterfly is locally not uncommon in lowland forests (10–450 m a.s.l.). Both sexes visit flowers. Males form flight paths along streams or forest edges, and are frequently observed mud-puddling along stream banks and at puddles.

Literature

Fabricius, J.C, 1787. Mantissa Insectorum sistens eorum species nuper detectas adiectis characteribus genericis, differentiis specificis, emendationibus, observationibus.
Christian Gottlieb Proft, Hafniae, 2: [i] + 382 pp.

Stoll, C, 1790. Aanhangsel van het Werk, de Uitlandsche Kapellen, voorkomende in de drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Africa en America, door den Heere Pieter Cramer, vervattende naauwkeurige Afbeeldingen van Surinaamsche Rupsen en Poppen; als mede van veele zeldzaame en nieuwe ontdekte uitlandsche Dag-en Nagt-Kapellen.
Nic. Th. Gravius, Amsteldam, (5): 147–"384" [=184], pls. 33–42. (1790)

Guérin-Méneville, F. E, 1840. Lépidoptè res nouveaux découverts aux Indes-Orientales par M. Adolphe Delessert.
Revue Zoologique, par la Société Cuvierienne, 3(2): 43–44.

Fruhstorfer, H, 1902. Nachricten aus dem Berliner Entomologischen Verein.
Insekten-Börse, 19(15): 117. (10.Apr.1902)

Fruhstorfer, H, 1909. Neue asiatische Papilio-Rassen.
Entomologische Zeitschrift, 22(42): 175–176. (16.Jan.1909)

Corbet, A.S, 1941. Observations on Certain of the Fabrician Names of Indo-Australian Rhopalocera (Lepid.)
Proceedings of the royal entomological Society of London, (B),10(6): 98–106.

Cotton, A.M, 2021. Lectotype designation for Papilio palinurus Fabricius,1787 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae).
Butterflies, 86: 21–23.

Oh, S-H. & Jeong, J-C, 2026. The World of Achillides Butterflies.
Chonpa Science Publishing, Seoul, 166 pp.


♂, Phetchaburi, Thailand. (photo by T.Aoyama)

♂, Phetchaburi, Thailand. (photo by T.Aoyama)	♂, Yala, Thailand. (photo by S.Atdhabhan)

♂, Yala, Thailand. (photo by S.Atdhabhan)	♂, Yala, Thailand. (photo by S.Atdhabhan)

1996.10.02 - 2026.10.31.