♂, Chonburi, Thailand.		♀, Nan, Thailand.
♂, Nan, Thailand.		♀, Yala, Thailand.
♀, Chanthaburi, Thailand.		♀, Satun, Thailand.

ON : Papilio jacintha Drury, 1773 OD : Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Insects 2: index, 36-37, pl.21, figs.1,♀, 2,♀(Un). TL : "Bombay" [Mumbai, W.India]. Distribution : Madagascar, Socotra, Mauritius, India to Myanmar, Andamans, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, China, Langkawi, W.Malaysia, Singapore, Tioman, Aur.

Papilio avia Fabricius, 1793 : Ent. Syst. 3(1):111. TL. "Africa aequinoftiali".
Papilio liria Fabricius, 1793 : Ent. Syst. 3(1):126. TL. "India orientali".
Hypolimnas charybdis Butler, 1879 : Cistula Entomologica. 2:432. TL. "Bombay" [Mumbai, W.India].
Hypolimnas incommoda Butler, 1879 : Trans. linn. Soc. London (Zoology) 1(8):543. TL. Malacca, [W.Malaysia].
Hypolimnas curiosa Swinhoe, 1915 : Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (8)16:173-174. TL. "Staru, Central Provinces, India".

[ THAILAND ]
Hypolimnas bolina bolina ; Godfrey,1916 : 127.
Hypolimnas bolina bolina ; Godfrey,1930 : 275. (except P)
Hypolimnas bolina bolina ; Pinratana,1979 : 32, figs.N47,♂,♀,♀,♀. (Bangkok; Lampang; Nakhon Ratchasima; Ratchaburi; Saraburi; Chanthaburi; Loei; Nong Khai; Rayong; Tak)
Hypolimnas bolina bolina ; Pinratana & Eliot,1996 : 35, not.fig. (list only)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Pinratana & Eliot,1996 : 35, pl.17, figs.43b,♂,♂,♀,♀,♀. (Chiang Mai; Nong Khai; Loei; Chaiyaphum; Tak; Nakhon Nayok; Chonburi; Rayong; Chanthaburi; Ratchaburi)
Hypolimnas bolina bolina ; Yamaguchi, Aoki & Akiyama,2005 : 50. (Mukdahan; Ubon Ratchathani)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; RDPB & DNP,2006-2008 : Butterflies in Hala-Bala Forest, fig.♂. (Narathiwat: Hala Bala) (last update: 2006.12.27 ; accessed: 2024.05.11)
Hypolimnas bolina bolina ; Ek-Amnuay,2006 : 374, pl.161, figs.N44a♂,♀(f. nerina). (Tak Fah)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Ek-Amnuay,2006 : 374, pl.161, figs.N44b♂,♂(Un),♂,♀,♀,♀(f. incommoda). (Chumphon)
Hypolimnus bolina jacintha ; Les Day,2011-2022 : Samui Butterflies, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀. (Koh Samui; Koh Phangan) (accessed: 2021.09.18)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 504, pl.225, figs.N392,♂,♀(f. nerina),♂,♂(Un),♂,♀,♀,♀(f. incommoda). (Tak Fah; Chumphon)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Okamoto et al.,2013 : 9. (Kanchanaburi: Mae Klong Station)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs., Early Stages. (Chiang Mai; Sa Kaeo; Nakhon Nayok; Chanthaburi; Trat; Ratchaburi; Nakhon Si Thammarat; Yala) (accessed: 2023.09.22)
Hypolimnas bolina bolina ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 62, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Suthep; Bang Salok; Phu Kradung; Phu Khiewo; Kao Yai; Wan Nam Khiewo; Kao Soi Dao; Chanthaburi; Kao Khiewo; Mae Sohd; Ratchaburi; Muang Shone; Than To WF.)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Chaianunporn & Chaianunporn,2019 : 86. (Chaiyaphum: Chulabhorn Dam)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Küppers & Janikorn,2020 : 97-98, figs.Abb.N-587-592. (Phang Nga)

[ LAOS ]
Hypolimnas bolina (ssp.jacintha?) ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 55, pl.47, figs.5,♀,6,♀(Un). (Luang Prabang; Tha Ngone; Vientiane; Nam Ngum Dam)
Hypolimnas bolina bolina ; Osada, Uemura & Uehara,1999 : 205, pl.52, figs.43b♂,♀,♀. (Vientiane; Xam Neua)
Hypolimnas bolina bolina ; Nimura & Wakahara,2005 : 41. (Thabeng)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 44.
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Onodera,2022 : 30, pl.101, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Bolikhamxai: Keng Sa Doc; Vientiane: Hinkhanna)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Hypolimnas bolina ; Monastyrskii et al.,2011 : 129. (Phnom Samkos W.S.)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Kosterin,2019 : 97. (Koh Kong; Kep)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Kosterin,2019b : 30. (Ratanakiri)
Hypolimnas bolina bolina ; Kosterin,2020 : 326. (Siem Reap)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 119. (Banteay Meanchey; Kampong Chhnang; Kandal; Kep; Koh Kong; Kampot; Mondulkiri; Phnom Penh; Preah Sihanouk; Pursat; Ratanakiri; Siem Reap)

[ VIETNAM ]
Hypolimnas bolina ; Joannis,1901 : 323. (Tonkin: Cao Bang)
Hypolimnas bolina ; Lemée,1950 : 13. (Hagiang; Hanoi)
Hypolimnas bolina bolina ; Metaye,1957 : 95. (N / C / S)
Hypolimnas bolina bolina f.♀. avia ; Metaye,1957 : 95. (N / C / S)
Hypolimnas bolina egna ; Metaye,1957 : 95. (N / C / S)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Ikeda, Nishimura & Inagaki,2000 : 30, figs.2:17,♂,19,♂(Un), fig.9:12(♂,genitalia). (Cuc Phuong)
Hypolimnas bolina ; Vu,2003 : 57. (Phu Quoc)
Hypolimnas bolina ; Luong et al.,2004 : 6, 60, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Hypolimnas bolina ; Monastyrskii et al.,2006 : 41. (Thua Thien Hue: Nam Dong; A Luoi; Huong Thuy; Phong Dien; Bach Ma)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006b : 20, figs.N-31,♂,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri; Dong Nai: Thac Mai; Bin Thuan: Dong Tien; Ho Chi Minh)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Nihira,2009 : 99. (Phu Quoc)
Hypolimnas bolina bolina ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 33. (N / C / S)
Hypolimnas bolina jacintha ; Saito et al.,2017 : 81. (S: Nui Cam; Nui Coto; Nui Ket)
Hypolimnas bolina bolina ; Monastyrskii,2019 : 4(1):128-130, pl.29, figs.3a♂,3b♂(Un),3c♀,3d♀,3e♀,3f♀,3g♀,3h♀,3i♀. (throughout Vietnam)

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 3♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chiang Mai : 10♂ 4♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nan : 3♂ 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Uttaradit : 1♂ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Loei : 1♂ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Kanchanaburi : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Phetchabun : 1♂ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chaiyaphum : 2♂ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chonburi : 2♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chanthaburi : 1♂ 2♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Trat : 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nakhon Si Thammarat : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Pattani : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Satun : 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Yala : 2♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ LAOS ]
Oudomxai : 1♂ (photo by H.Onodera).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Vientiane : 1♀ (photo by H.Onodera).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

The butterfly is very common in montane forests and edge of the secondary forest at low to high elevations (Alt. 10 - 1600m). Males are frequently territorial on shrubs. Both sexes visit flowers.
The type locality of Hypolimnas bolina is still unclear. Linnaeus (1758) gave it as "Indiis". Corbet (1941) considered it came from Java. However, Honey & Scoble (2001) suggested it is uncertain. I follow Corbet (1941), with reference to figure in Clerc's Icones Insectorum rariorum II. Therefore, I treat type locality of bolina as "Java" provisionally until it is confirmed.

Linnaeus, C.,1758 : Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis.
Holmiae, Laurentii Salvii. (Edition 10). 1(Animalia):[iv]+824pp.

Clerck, C.A.,1764 : Icones Insectorum rariorum II
Cum nominibus eorum trivialibus, locisque e C. Linnaei ... Syst: Nat: allegatis.

Drury, D.,[1773] : Illustrations of natural history; wherein are exhibited ... Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Insects.
2: vii + 90pp, 50pls. London.

Fabricius, J.C.,1793 : Entomologia systematica emedata et aucta. secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus.
3(1): [iv] + 488 pp. Copenhagen. C.G.Proft.

Butler, A.G.,1879 : Descriptions of new Butterflies of the Indian Region.
Cistula Entomologica. 2:431-432, pl.8, fig.1.

Butler, A.G.,[1879] : The Butterflies of Malacca.
Trans. linn. Soc. London (Zoology) 1(8):533-568, pls.68,69. Swinhoe, C.,1915 : New species of Indo-Malayan lepidoptera.
Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (8)16:170-186.

Corbet, A.S.,1941 : The Linnaean names of Indo-Australian Rhopalocera part 1
Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B)10(1):8-16.

Honey, M.R. & Scoble, M.J.,2001 : Linnaeus's butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea)
Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 132:277-399.

♂, Yala, Thailand.	♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♀, Chaiyaphum, Thailand.

2008.02.29 - 2024.05.31.