Rapala suffusa suffusa  (Moore, [1879])

Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Up. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Un. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♀ Up. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♀ Un.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. ♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Up. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Un. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♀ Up. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♀ Un.
♂, Ranong, Thailand. ♀, Ranong, Thailand.
Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Up. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Un. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♀ Up. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♀ Un.
♂, Satun, Thailand. ♀, Satun, Thailand.
Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Up. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Un. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Up. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Un.
♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand. ♂, Ranong, Thailand.
Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Up. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Un. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Up. Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Un.
♂, Yala, Thailand. ♂, Yala, Thailand.

ON : Deudorix suffusa Moore, [1879]
OD : Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878(4):834, pl.52, fig.8,♂.
TL : Taoo, Tenasserim.
Distribution : N.India, Assam, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos,
Cambodia, Vietnam, Langkawi, W.Malaysia, Singapore.
Rapala suffusa suffusa map

Synonyms

Rapala testa Swinhoe, 1897 : Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6)19:410. TL. Jaintia Hills, Assam.
Deudorix barthema Distant, 1885 : Rhop. malayana : 280. TL. Malay Pen.
Rapala pengata Fruhstorfer, [1914] : in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 9:pl.146d. (Published in synonymy)


Records taken from Literature

[ THAILAND ]
Rapala suffusa ; Godfrey,1916 : 140. (Chonburi: Sriracha; Pak Jong; Prae: Me Song forest)
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Godfrey,1930 : 349. (Chonburi: Hup Bon)
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Pinratana,1981 : 149, pl.27, figs.9,♂,10,♀,11,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai; Phrae; Ranong; Trang)
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Seki,1986 : 21. (Ranong)
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 712, pl.325, figs.L410a,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). ('Wang Chin'; Mae Hong Son; Nan)
Rapala damona ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 712, pl.325, figs.L411,♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Rapala suffusa barthema ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 712, pl.325, figs.L410b,♂,♀,♀(Un). (Ranong)
Rapala suffusa barthema ; Les Day,2011-2022 : Samui Butterflies, fig.[♀](Un). (Koh Samui) (accessed: 2022.10.15)
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 758, pl.348, figs.L432,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un), pl.348, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Wang Chin; Mae Hong Son; Nan; Ranong)
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Kimura et al.,2014 : 137, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Wan Nam Khiewo; Kao Soi Dao; Bang Phra; Mae Sohd; Doi Musso; Kaeng Krachang; Hot Samphang; Khlong Naka)
Rapala suffusa barthema ; Kimura et al.,2014 : 137, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Tarutao Is; Than To WF.)
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai; Phitsanulok; Sa Kaeo; Yala) (accessed: 2023.10.22)

[ LAOS ]
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Masui & Uehara,1994 : 6, fig.42,♀. (Xiang Khouang)
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 219. pl.128, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀. (Lak Sao; Vientiane)
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Onodera,2009b : 37. (Houaphan: Phu Phan)
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 56.

[ CAMBODIA ]
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 124, fig.5F[♀](Un). (Koh Kong)

[ VIETNAM ]
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Ikeda et al.,2001 : 55, figs.5:20,♀,21,♀(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Luong et al.,2004 : 12, 82, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Rapala suffusa ; Monastyrskii et al.,2006 : 44. (Thua Thien Hue: A Luoi)
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,[2007] : 68, figs.L-140,♂,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri)
Rapala suffusa suffusa ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 69. (N: by literature / C: Thua Thien Hue / S)


Specimens Examined

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 5♂ 4♀ (incl. photo).
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Chiang Mai : 2♂ 2♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Nan : 1♂ 1♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Phitsanulok : 1♂ (photo by T.Laola).
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Tak : 1♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Sa Kaeo : 1♂ 1♀ (incl. photo by S.Sophonviwatkul).
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Ranong : 4♂ 2♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Nakhon Si Thammarat : 1♂ (photo by A.Giudici).
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Satun (Koh Tarutao) : 2♂ 3♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Yala : 2♂.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec


[ VIETNAM ]
Lom Dong : 6♂ 1♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec


Notes

The butterfly is locally common in montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 10 - 1300m).
It is a tendency for the male red patch on the UpF to get smaller from north to south. However, it is very variable even in the same location and individual variation seems to be more pronounced than geographic variation. Therefore, I treat ssp.berthema as a synonym of the nominotypical subspecies.
Rapala suffusa suffusa in a side light
♂, UpF deep purple-shot in a side light


Literature

Moore, F.,[1879] :
A list of the lepidopterous insects collected by Mr.Ossian Limborg in upper Tenasserim, with descriptions of new species.
Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878(4):821-859, 3 pls.

Distant, W.L.,1882-1886 : Rhopalocera Malayana : a Description of the Butterflies of the Malay Peninsula.
London, Author, Penang, Logan : xvi+482+[4]pp, 46 pls.

Swinhoe, C.,1897 : New Eastern Lepidoptera.
Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6)19:407-410.


Rapala suffusa suffusa ♂ Rapala suffusa suffusa ♀
♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand. ♀, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.
Rapala suffusa suffusa ♀ Rapala suffusa suffusa ♀
♀, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.

1999.07.21 - 2023.10.31.

A Check list of Butterflies in Indo-China, Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM. Copyright © 1996- Y.Inayoshi.