♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.		♀, Tak, Thailand.
♂, Surat Thani, Thailand.		♀, Surat Thani, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♂, Nan, Thailand.

ON : Thecla duma Hewitson, 1878 OD : Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae 1(8): 211, pl.84, fig.713(Un). TL : 'Bogota, [Colombia]' [loc. err.] Distribution : Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, W.Malaysia, {Singapore}, Borneo, Sumatra, Java.

Rapala abnormis Elwes, 1893 : Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1892(4): 642, pl.44, fig.2,♂. TL. "Karen Hills" [Karen Hills, Kayah State, Myanmar].
Rapala abnormis abusina Fruhstorfer, 1912 : Berl. ent. Z. 56(3/4): 255-256. TL. West-Java.

[ THAILAND ]
Rapala abnormis ; Godfrey,1930 : 349. (Surat Thani: Kao Poata)
Rapala abnormis abnormis ; Pinratana,1981 : 148, pl.32, figs.18,♂,19,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Rapala duma duma ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 710, pl.324, figs.L408,♂,♂(Un),♀[♂],♀[♂](Un). (Chiang Mai)
Rapala duma duma ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 756, pl.347, figs.L430,♂,♂(Un),♀[♂],♀[♂](Un). (Chiang Mai)
Rapala duma duma ; Kimura et al.,2014 : 136, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un). (Doi Pha Hom Pok; Doi Suthep; Kao Pho Ta)
Rapala duma duma ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Kamphaeng Phet; Yala) (accessed: 2024.06.09)

[ LAOS ]
Rapala duma duma ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 219. pl.128, figs.♂,♀(Un). (Xam Neua)
Rapala duma duma ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 56.
Rapala duma duma ; Onodera,2022 : 99, pl.233, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Luang Phabang: Phou Yang)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Rapala duma duma ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 124. (Pursat)

[ VIETNAM ]
Rapala duma duma ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006d : 68, figs.L-137,♂,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri; Dai Duc Me)
Rapala duma duma ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 69. (C: by literature)

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 2♂.

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Chiang Mai : 10♂ (incl. photo).

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Nan : 1♂.

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Tak : 1♀.

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Surat Thani : 3♂ 1♀.

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Nakhon Si Thammarat : 3♂ (photo).

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Yala : 5♂ (photo by S.Atdhabhan).

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The butterfly is locally common in montane forests at moderate elevations (Alt. 700 - 1300m) and is frequently found at hilltops. Males are territorial on trees, or on the ground in open spaces from 10:00 to 11:30 and occasionally again from 15:00 to 16:00.

Hewitson, W.C.,1878 : Illustrations of diurnal Lepidoptera. Part I. Lycaenidae.
1(8): 209-228, supplementary 17-35 [sic], 35-47, pls.84-85, 88-92, supplementary pls.1a-1b, 3a-3b, 4a, 5a-5b, 7-8 (Nov.1878), London, John Van Voorst.

Elwes, H.J.,1893 : On butterflies collected by Mr. W.Doherty in the Naga and Karen Hills and Perak, Part.2.
Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1892(4): 617-664, pls.43,44.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1912 : Uebersicht der Lycaeniden des Indo-Australischen Gebiets. Begründet auf die Ausbeute und die Sammlung des Autors.
Berl. ent. Z. 56(3/4): 197-272, 4 figs. (Apr.1912)

Eliot, J.N.,1992 : in Corbet & Pendlebury. The Butterflies of the Malay Peninsula, edn. 4.
Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur.

♂ (territorial behavior), Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂ (territorial behavior), Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂ (territorial behavior), Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂ (territorial behavior), Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂ (territorial behavior), Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
♂ (territorial behavior), Yala, Thailand. (photo by S.Atdhabhan)	♂, Yala, Thailand. (photo by S.Atdhabhan)

1999.07.21 - 2024.06.30.