♂ (dsf), Bangkok, Thailand.		♂ (dsf), Kanchanaburi, Thailand.
♂ (wsf), Chanthaburi, Thailand.		♂ (wsf), Chanthaburi, Thailand.

ON : Papilio lajus Stoll, 1780 OD : in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4(27):62, pl.319, figs.D,E(Un). TL : "Coromandel Coast" [close to Tarangambadi, Tamil Nadu, India]. Distribution : Sri Lanka, India to Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Hainan, S.China. ● ssp.lajus ● ssp.tavoyana

Hesperia cajus Fabricius, 1793 : Ent. sys. 3(1):296. TL. "India orientali" [E.India].
Lycaena brahmina C. Felder & R. Felder, 1865 : Reise öst. Fregatte Novara. Zool. Theil (2):279, pl.35, figs.15,16. TL. "Bengalia" [Bengal, India].
Polyommatus varunana Moore, 1866 : Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1865(3):772, pl.41, fig.6. TL. "Bengal" [Kolkata region, West Bengal, India]. (NHML)
Polyommatus kandura Moore, 1866 : Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1865(3):772, pl.41, fig.7. TL. "Bengal" [Kolkata region, West Bengal, India].

varunana ;
Lectotype ♂, BMNH(E)#264380, Bengal. designated by Bálint,1999 (NHML)
Paralectotypes 1♂ 2♀, Bengal. designated by Bálint,1999 (NHML)

[ THAILAND ]
Chilades lajus ; Godfrey,1916 : 135.
Chilades laius [sic] laius [sic] ; Godfrey,1930 : 318-319. (Thailand)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Shirôzu & Saigusa,1962 : 89-90, pl.18, figs.139,♀,140,♀(Un),Textfig.46,♂genitalia. (Chieng Mai)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Kawazoé,1964 : 152. (N: Ban Tak)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Pinratana,1981 : 53, pl.8, fig.1,♂(Un). (Chonburi; Chanthaburi; Loei; Chaiyaphum; Rayong) (in part)
Chilades lajus tavoyanus ; Pinratana,1981 : 53. (Chanthaburi; Rayong; Ratchaburi) (in part)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2000 : 257, fig.177,♂. (Mukdahan: Pha Thaep; Phu Huay Sing)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2002 : 34. (Mukdahan: Phu Huay Sing)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Yamaguchi, Aoki & Akiyama,2005 : 53. (Mukdahan: Phu Ma No Rom)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 570, pl.258, figs.L105a[L106a],♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Bangkok)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 590, pl.267, figs.L131a♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Bangkok)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Kimura et al.,2014 : 196, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Phu Khiewo; Nakohn Nayok; Kao Soi Dao; Bang Phra; Bangkok; Sai Yok Noi; Erawan WF; Kuway Yai; Kaeng Krachan)
Chilades lajus lajus ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs., Early Stages. (Sa Kaeo; Bangkok; Chachoengsao; Chanthabruri; Trat) (accessed: 2023.03.26)

[ LAOS ]
Chilades lajus lajus ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 71, pl.101, figs.A9,♂,A10,♂(Un). (Luang Prabang)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 215, pl.110, fig.♂(Un). (Vientiane)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 52.
Chilades lajus lajus ; Onodera,2022 : 78, pl.208, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Oudomxai)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Chilades lajus ; Onodera,2007 : 29, fig.82,♂. (Siem Reap: Angkor)
Chilades lajus ; Onodera,2008 : 58. (Mondolkiri: Bousra.)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Monastyrskii et al.,2011 : 130. (Phnom Samkos W.S.)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Kosterin,2019b : 29. (Mondulkiri)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 121. (Pursat; Mondulkiri; Phnom Penh; Siem Reap)

[ VIETNAM ]
Chilades laius [sic] ; Seitz,1924-1927 : 927. (Tonkin)
Chilades laius [sic] ; Lemée,1950 : 19. (Hagiang; Hanoi)
Chilades laius [sic] ; Metaye,1957 : 90. (N)
Chilades lajus ; Ikeda et al.,2001 : 48, figs.2:19,♀,20,♀(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Luong et al.,2004 : 10, 75, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Chilades lajus ; Monastyrskii et al.,2006 : 42. (Thua Thien Hue: Huong Thuy)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006d : 53,56. fig.L-38,♂. (Lam Dong: Madagui)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2007c : 41, fig.L-40,♀. (Dong Nai: Thac Mai)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 52. (N / C: Thua Thien Hue / S: Dong Nai)
Chilades lajus lajus ; Saito et al.,2017 : 80. (S: Nui Coto; Nui Ket)

[ THAILAND ]
Chiang Mai : 2♂ 4♀ (photo).

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Kanchanaburi : 1♂.

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Bangkok : 2♂.

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Nakhon Nayok : 1♂ (photo by M.Hayashi).

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Chanthaburi : 2♂.

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Phetchaburi : 1♀ (photo by T.Aoyama).

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The butterfly is locally not rare in citrus plantations or gardens at low to moderate elevations (alt.200 - 550m). Both sexes visit flowers.
The identification and distribution of the nominotypical subspecies and ssp.tavoyanus in Thailand is still unclear. I tentatively follow Kimura et al. (2014), but the populations from SE.Thailand and Phetchaburi, P.Thailand may be ssp.tavoyanus. Further taxonomic study with a large number of specimens from different localities is needed.

Stoll, C.,1780-1782 :
In Cramer, De uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in de drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Africa en America. Papillons exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amerique.
Amsteldam, S.J.Baalde; Barthelemy Wild and J. Van Schoonhoven & Comp.
4(26/28):29-90, pls.305-336 (1780), (29/31):91-164, pls.337-372 (1781), (32/34):165-252, pls.373-400 (1782)

Fabricius, J.C.,1793 : Entomologia systematica emedata et aucta. secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus.
3(1): [iv] + 488 pp. Copenhagen. C.G.Proft.

Felder, C. & Felder, R.,1865-1875 :
Rhopalocera. In Reise der Osterreichischen Fregatte "Novara" um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen Commodore B. von Wullerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Zweiter Band:
Abtheilung. Wien : vi + 548 + [1] pp in 5 parts, 140 pls.

Moore, F.,1866 : On the lepidopterous insects of Bengal.
Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1865(3):755-822, 3 pls.

Bálint, Z.,1999 : Annotated list of type specimens of Polyommatus sensu Eliot of the Natural History Museum, London (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae)
Neue ent. Nachr. 46:1-89.

Nazari, V., Kunte, K. & Bálint, Z.,2023 : On the identity of Hespeeria parrhasius Fabricius, 1793 and its allied species (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
J. Asia Pac. Entomol. 26(2023)102165.

♂, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi)

♀, Phetchaburi, Thailand. (photo by T.Aoyama)

1999.07.04 - 2024.04.30.