♂, Ranong, Thailand.		♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Nan, Thailand.		♀, Nan, Thailand.

ON : Papilio perius Linnaeus, 1758 OD : Syst. nat. (ed.10) 1: 471. TL : 'Indiis' [Guangdong, China]. Distribution : India to Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Hainan, China, Taiwan, Japan (Yonaguni), Langkawi, W.Malaysia, {Singapore}, Calamian.

Papilio leucothoe Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. nat. (Edn 10) 1: 478; TL: 'Asia' [Guangdong, China].
Tacoraea perius ab. atramenta Murayama & Shimonoya, 1962; Tyô to Ga 16(3/4): 55, figs.5,♂, 8,♂(Un); Loc: "Musha, Central Formosa" [Nantou, C.Taiwan]. (IFS)
Tacoraea perius ab. insolitus Murayama & Shimonoya, 1966; Tyô to Ga 16(3/4): 60, fig.35,♂(Un); Loc: "Poli" [Puli, Nantou, Taiwan]. (IFS)

[ THAILAND ]
Pantoporia perius perius: Fruhstorfer,1912 : 626. (Siam)
Pantoporia perius: Godfrey,1916 : 129. (Chonburi: Don Rek hills)
Pantoporia perius perius: Pendlebury,1923 : 39. (Nakhon Sri Thammarat: Khao Luang; Tai Sai River)
Pantoporia perius perius: Godfrey,1927 : 123. (N)
Pantoporia perius perius: Godfrey,1930 : 284. (except P)
Pantoporia perius perius: Godfrey,1932a : 269. (P)
Athyma perius perius: Pinratana,1979 : 54, figs.N95,♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai; Chanthaburi; Kanchanaburi; Prachuap Kirikhan; Nakhon Nayok; Saraburi)
Athyma perius perius: Pinratana & Eliot,1996 : 58, pl.36, figs.98,♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai; Nakhon Nayok; Chonburi; Chanthaburi; Saraburi; Kanchanaburi; Prachuap Kirikhan; Songkhla; Trang)
Athyma perius perius: Yamaguchi & Aoki,2000 : 255, fig.99,♂. (Mukdahan: Phu Pha Thaep; Phu Huay Sing; Ubon Ratchathani: Kaeng Tana)
Athyma perius perius: Yamaguchi & Aoki,2002 : 28. (Mukdahan: Ban Na Lak; Ban Lao Kram)
Athyma perius perius: Yamaguchi, Aoki & Akiyama,2005 : 51. (Mukdahan: Ban Lao Kram; Phu Ma No Rom; Phu Hin Khan)
Athyma perius perius: Katsuyama et al.,2005 : 70, fig.159,♀. (Umphang: Tha Sai)
Athyma perius perius: RDPB & DNP,2006–2008 : Butterflies in Hala-Bala Forest, fig.[♂]. (Narathiwat: Hala Bala) (last update: 2006.12.27 ; accessed: 2024.05.11)
Athyma perius perius: Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 402, pl.175, figs.N102,♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Athyma perius perius: Les Day,2011–2022 : Samui Butterflies, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Koh Samui) (accessed: 2020.09.24)
Athyma perius perius: Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 412, pl.179, figs.N267,♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai; Nan; Ranong)
Athyma perius perius: Sophonviwatkul et al.,2015– : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai; Nakhon Nayok; Yala) (accessed: 2023.09.22)
Athyma perius perius: Kimura et al.,2016 : 85, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Pha Hom Pok; Doi Suthep; Doi Pa Chang; Nakohn Nayok; Sarika; Wan Nam Khiewo; Bung Kahn; Kratchin WF; Kao Khiewo; Bang Phra; Sai York Noi; Key Rap Nam; Ka Chong; Haadjai)
Athyma perius perius: Küppers & Janikorn,2020 : 55, figs.Abb.N-307–310. (Phang Nga)

[ LAOS ]
Athyma perius perius: Motono & Negishi,1989 : 58, pl.61, figs.3,♂,4,♂(Un),5,♀,6,♀(Un). (Vang Vieng; Phatong; Nam Moh; Luang Prabang; Vientiane; Ban Houei Sai; Pakse)
Athyma perius perius: Osada et al.,1999 : 206, pl.58, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀. (Xaignabouri; Xam Neua)
Athyma perius perius: Nimura & Wakahara,2005 : 42. (Namdhua; Nhahin)
Athyma perius perius: Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 45.
Athyma perius perius: Onodera,2022 : 38, pl.115, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Luang Phabang: Nong Hob)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Athyma perius perius: Woodfield & Murton,2006 : fig,♂. (Botum Sakor NP.)
Athyma perius: Onodera,2007 : 23, fig.56♂. (Rattanakiri: Veun Sai)
Athyma perius: Onodera,2008 : 60. (Mondolkiri: O Rang)
Athyma perius perius: Monastyrskii et al.,2011 : 129. (Phnom Samkos W.S.)
Athyma perius perius: Kosterin,2019 : 97. (Koh Kong; Preah Sihanouk)
Athyma perius perius: Kosterin,2019b : 32. (Mondulkiri)
Athyma perius perius: Kosterin,2020 : 327. (Siem Reap)
Athyma perius perius: Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 118. (Kampong Chhnang, Koh Kong; Mondulkiri, Preah Sihanouk, Pursat, Ratanakiri, Siem Reap)

[ VIETNAM ]
Athyma perius: Joannis,1901 : 319–320. (Tonkin: Cao Bang)
Pantoporia perius perius: Fruhstorfer,1912 : 626. (Tonkin; Annam)
Pantoporia perius perius: Godfrey,1919 : 468. (S: Daban)
Pantoporia perius: Lemée,1950 : 14. (Hagiang; Hanoi)
Pantoporia perius perius: Metaye,1957 : 96. (N; C; S)
Athyma perius: Vu,2003 : 57. (Phu Quoc)
Athyma perius perius: Luong et al.,2004 : 7, 64, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Athyma perius: Monastyrskii et al.,2006 : 41. (Thua Thien Hue: Huong Thuy; Bach Ma)
Athyma perius perius: Miyazaki et al.,2006b : 22, figs.N-63,♂,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri)
Athyma perius perius: Nihira,2009 : 99. (Phu Quoc)
Athyma perius perius: Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 35. (N; C; S)
Athyma perius perius: Monastyrskii,2019 : 4(2):20–21, pl.35, figs,1a♂,1b♂(Un),1c♀. (N: Ba Be; Huu Lein; Tam Dao; Ba Vi; Cuc Phuong; Pu Luong; C: Ben En; Pu Hoat; Pu Mat; Vu Quang; Huong Thuy; Bach Ma; Son Thanh; Ngoc Linh; Kon Plong; Chu Yang Sin; Yok Don; S: Binh Chau; Cat Tien; La Nga; Lo Go Xa Mat)
Athyma perius perius: Saito et al.,2021 : 463. (Phu Quoc)

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 3♂ 2♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

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Jun

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Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chiang Rai : 2♀.

Jan

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Mar

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May

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Jul

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Sep

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Nov

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Chiang Mai : 9♂ 4♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

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May

Jun

Jul

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Sep

Oct

Nov

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Lampang : 1♀ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

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May

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Nan : 3♂ 2♀.

Jan

Feb

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Oct

Nov

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Phetchabun : 1♀ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

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Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nakhon Nayok : 1♂ 1♀ (photo by M.Hayaashi and T.Aoyama).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Trat : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

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Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Ranong : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

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Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Yala : 1♂ (photo by S.Atdhabhan).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

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Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ LAOS ]
Champasak : 2♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ VIETNAM ]
Lam Dong : 11♂ 3♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

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Dec

The butterfly is common in forests at low to high elevations (50–1,600 m a.s.l.). Both sexes visit flowers. Males are territorial on shrubs or on the ground and are frequently observed mud-puddling along stream banks and at puddles.

Linnaeus, C, 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum clases, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, symonymis, locis. Editio Decima, reformata.
Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae, 1: iv + 823 + [1] pp.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1912 : 6. Familie: Nymphalidae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde.
Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, 9: 617–632. (15.Oct.1912)

Corbet, A.S, 1949. The Linnaean Names of Indo-Australian Rhopalocera. Part 7. Summary of Determinations.
Proceedings of the royal entomological Society of London, (B), 18(9/10): 191–199.

Murayama, S. & Shimonoya, Y, 1962. On some interesting butterflies from Formosa, with descriptions of 2 new species, 2 new races, and 7 new aberrant forms.
Tyô to Ga, 13(3): 51–59.

Murayama, S. & Shimonoya, Y, 1966. Some Formosan butterflies of new species, new race, new aberrant forms or little known species and forms.
Tyô to Ga, 16(3/4): 58–67.

♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.	♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀, Phetchabun, Thailand.
♂ (territorial behaviour), Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂, Yala, Thailand. (photo by S.Atdhabhan)
♂+♀ (mating), Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.
Predated by Microhierax caerulescens, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

2006.02.20 - 2026.09.30.