Terinos clarissa militum
Oberthür, 1897
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
♂, Ninh Binh, Vietnam. |
♀, Ninh Binh, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito) |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
♂, Mukdahan, Thailand. |
♀, Mukdahan, Thailand. |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
♂, Sa Kaeo, Thailand. |
♀, Sa Kaeo, Thailand. |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
♂ (dsf), Vientiane, Laos. |
♂ (dsf), Nan, Thailand. |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
atlita ikarii, Unf apex and Male genitalia |
clarissa militum, Unf apex and Male genitalia |
ON :
Terinos militum Oberthür, 1897
OD : Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 1897(11):175-176, text-fig.3,♂.
TL : "Haut-Tonkin" [N.Vietnam].
Distribution : Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, SW.Guangxi.
|
● ssp.militum |
|
● ssp.liloneli |
|
● ssp.malayana |
|
 |
Synonyms
Terinos clarissa falcata Fruhstorfer, 1898 : Soc. ent. 13(10):74. TL. "Siam" [Thailand].
Terinos falcipennis Lathy, 1900 : Entomologist 33:213. TL. "Siam" [Thailand]. (NHML)
Terinos atlita guangxiensis Chou, 1994 : Monograph. Rhop. Sin. 2:459,761, 460,figs.♂,♂(Un). TL. Guangxi. (NAUEM)
Type Materials Information
falcipennis : Syntype 1♂, Siam. (NHML, photo examined.)
guangxiensis : Holotype ♂, 25.May.1984. Guangxi. Z.Wu & X.Lu. (NAUEM)
Records taken from Literature
[ THAILAND ]
Terinos falcata ; Fruhstorfer,1906 : 337. (Hinlap)
Terinos clarissa falcata ; Fruhstorfer,1912 : 495. (Hinlap)
Terinos clarissa falcata ; Godfrey,1930 : 270. (Hinlap; Muak Lek) (in part)
Terinos clarissa falcata ; Pinratana,1979 : 17, figs.N25a♂,♂(Un). (Chanthaburi; Kao Yai; Prachinburi) (in part)
Terinos atlita militum ; Kimura,1994 : 18, figs.7,♂,8,♂(Un),9,♀,10,♀(Un). (except P)
Terinos atlita miletum [sic] ; Pinratana & Eliot,1996 : 28, pl.11, figs.24a♂,♀. (Chaiyaphum; Nakhon Nayok; Chanthaburi; Prachinburi) (in part)
Terinos clarissa falcata ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2000 : 254, fig.85,♂. (Mukdahan: Phu Mu)
Terinos atlita miletum [sic] ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2002 : 25. (Ubon Ratchathani: Nam Tok Soi Sawan; Mukdahan: Ban Lao Kram; Nam Tok Tad Ton; Nam Tok Kham Cha I; Ban Na Lak; Ban Gok Tum)
Terinos atlita miletum [sic] ; Yamaguchi, Aoki & Akiyama,2005 : 49. (Mukdahan: Phu Hin Khan; Nam Tok Tad Ton; Ubon Ratchathani: Nam Tok Soi Sawan; Phu Pung)
Terinos atlita miletum [sic] ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 364, pl.156, figs.N25a♂,♂(Un). (Khao Yai)
Terinos clarissa falcata ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 392, pl.169, figs.N227a♂,♂(Un),♀. (Khao Yai; Pang Sida) (in part)
'Terinos atlita miletum [sic] ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : pl.169, fig.N228a♀(Un). [photo from D'Abrera,1985] (in part)'
Terinos clarissa falcata ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 53. (by literature)
Terinos atlita miletum [sic] ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 54, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Bung Kahn; Phu Khiewo; Kao Yai) (in part)
Terinos clarissa militum ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2019- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Nakhon Ratchasima; Sa Kaeo; Nakhon Nayok; Trat) (accessed: 2024.06.25)
[ LAOS ]
Terinos nympha f. militum ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 36. (Laos)
Terinos clarissa falcata ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 54, pl.44, figs.5,♂,6,♂(Un),7,♀,8,♀(Un). (Vang Vieng; Phaton; Vientiane; Tha Ngone; Luang Prabang; Nam Ngum Dam)
Terinos clarissa falcata ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 205, pl.49, fig.♂. (Vientiane)
Terinos clarissa falcata ; Nimura & Wakahara,2005 : 41. (Namdhua)
Terinos clarissa falcata ; Onodera,2009b : 39. (Bolikhamxai: Thabok)
Terinos atlita miletum [sic] ; Onodera,2009b : 43. (Bolikhamxai: Phon Si)
Terinos clarissa falcata ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 44.
Terinos clarissa falcata ; Onodera,2022 : 28, pl.94, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Bolikhamxai: Thabok)
[ CAMBODIA ]
Terinos atlita miletum [sic] ; Monastyrskii et al.,2011 : 129. (Phnom Samkos W.S.)
Terinos clarissa militum ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 117. (Koh Kong; Pursat; Ratanakiri)
[ VIETNAM ]
Terinos militum ; Joannis,1901 : 325. (Tonkin: Cao Bang)
Terinos militum ; Fruhstorfer,1906 : 336. (Tonkin: Than Moi)
Terinos clarissa militum ; Fruhstorfer,1912 : 495. (Tonkin: Than Moi)
Terinos clarissa f. malayana ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 36. (Cochinchine: Gyarai)
Terinos nympha f. militum ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 36. (Annam / Tonkin)
Terinos militum ; Lemée,1950 : 11. (Hagiang)
Terinos clarissa malayana ; Metaye,1957 : 94. (S)
Terinos militum ; Metaye,1957 : 94. (N / C / S)
Terinos atlita falcata ; Ikeda et al.,2000 : 30, figs.2:6,♂,7,♂(Un),8,♀, fig.9:9(♂,genitalia). (Cuc Phuong)
Terinos atlita miletum [sic] ; Luong et al.,2004 : 5, 56, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Terinos atlita militum ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006b : 15, fig.N-8,♀. (Lam Dong: Dai Duc Me)
Terinos clarissa malayana ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006b : 17, fig.N-9,♂. (Lam Dong: Dai Duc Me; Madagui)
Terinos clarissa militum ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 31. (C / S)
Terinos clarissa militum ; Yokochi et al.,2015 : 40. (Khanh Hoa: Hon Ba)
Terinos clarissa militum ; Monastyrskii,2019 : 4(1):176-177, pl.21, figs.2a♂,2b♂(Un),2c♀. (N: Hoang Lien; Na Hang; Huu Lien; Tam Dao; Pu Luong; Cat Ba; Cuc Phuong / C: Pu Hoat; Kon Ka Kinh; Nui Chua; Loc Bac; Chu Yang Sin; Bao Lam; Da Teh; Cat Loc)
Specimens Examined
[ THAILAND ]
Nan : 2♂.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Nongkai : 1♂ 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Mukdahan : 5♂ 3♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Sa Kaeo : 3♂ 1♀ (incl. photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
[ LAOS ]
Vientiane : 6♂.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
[ VIETNAM ]
Ninh Binh : 2♂ 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Notes
The butteffly is locally common in montane forests at low elevations (Alt. 250 - 450m).
Both sexes visit flowers and males often come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.
The classification of this species and clarissa in the continental taxa has long been confused.
Fruhstorfer (1912) in Seitz treated militum, falcata and lioneli as subspecies of clarissa, subsequently Tsukada (1985) considered them as subspecies of atlita.
However, the continental militum, falcata and lioneli are in fact clarissa, as Fruhstorfer pointed out.
The identification between atlita and clarissa; In atlita the dark brown spot present in the center of submarginal pale purple mark of space 7 of the unf, while in clarissa, this mark at the inside.
Literature
Oberthür, C.,1897 : Descriptions de Lépidoptères nouveaux.
Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 1897(11):173-180, 5 figs, 188-194, 7 figs.
Fruhstorfer, H.,1898 : Neue Lepidopteren aus Ostasien.
Soc. ent. 13(10):74. (15.Aug.1898)
Lathy, P.I.,1900 : Three new species of Nymphalinae from Siam
Entomologist 33:213-215.
D'Abrera, B.,1985 : Butterflies of the Oriental Region Part II Nymphalidae, Satyridae & Amathusidae
Hill House, c/o, Melbourne. 534 pp.
Tsukada, E.,1985 : Butterflies of the South East Asian Islands. IV Nymphalidae (1).
Plapac Co., Ltd. 558 pp. 158.col.pls.
Chou, I. (ed.),1994 : Monographia Rhopalocerorum Sinensium.
2 vols., 854 pp. Henan Scientific and Technological Publishing House.
Lang, S.Y.,2009 : A Study on the systematics of Nymphalidae (excepting Satyrinae) from China (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea)
Beijing, P.R.China.
Lang, S.Y.,2012 : The Nymphalidae of China (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) Part 1
Libytheinae, Danainae, Calinaginae, Morphinae, Heliconiinae, Nymphalinae, Charaxinae, Apaturinae, Cyrestinae, Biblidinae, Limenitinae
456 pp, 32 col. + 41 black&white pls. Tshikolovets Publications, Pardubice.
Saito, K. & Inayoshi, Y.,2018 : New Taxa and new records of butterflies from Indochina.
Butterflies 79:28-57.
 |
 |
| ♂, Sa Kaeo, Thailand. |
♀, Sa Kaeo, Thailand. |
 |
 |
| ♂ (dsf), Nan, Thailand. |
♂, Sa Kaeo, Thailand. |
 |
 |
| ♂ (dsf), Nan, Thailand. |
♀, Sa Kaeo, Thailand. |
A Check list of Butterflies in Indo-China, Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM. Copyright © 1996- Y.Inayoshi.
