♂, Nakhon Sri Thammarat, Thailand.		♀, Chonburi, Thailand.
♂, Chanthaburi, Thailand.		♂, Nan, Thailand.

ON : Danais septentrionis Butler, 1874 OD : Ent. mon. Mag. 11(7): 163. TL : 'India; Nepal; Penang, [W.Malaysia]'. Distribution : Afghanistan to Myanmar, Yunnan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Hainan, Guangxi to Fujian, Taiwan, Langkawi, W.Malaysia, Singapore, NC.Sumatra.

Danais melissa septentrionalis ab. jacouleti Nakahara, 1941 : Zephyrus 9(1): 2, Tab.3, fig.3. TL. "Hori, Taiwan" [Puli, Nantou, Taiwan]. (IFS)
Danaus melissa septentrionalis ab. addenda Dufrane,1948 : Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Lyon 17(10): 192. TL. "Hari Gha, Formosa" [Taiwan]. (IFS)
Tirumala hamata septentrionis ab. seminocturalis Murayama, 1961 : Tyô to Ga 11(4): 56, fig.2,♂. TL. "Formosa" [Taiwan]. (IFS)

[ THAILAND ]
Danais melissa septentrionis ; Godfrey,1916 : 118.
Danaida melissa septentrionis ; Pendlebury,1923 : 30. (Nakhon Sri Thammarat: Khao Ram; Tai Sai River; Wat Kiriwong; Khao Luang)
Danaida melissa septentrionis ; Godfrey,1927 : 121. (N)
Danaida melissa septentrionis ; Godfrey,1930 : 235. (all over)
Danaida melissa septentrionis ; Godfrey,1932a : 265. (P)
Danaida melissa septentrionis ; Godfrey,1931 : 193. (Ko Tao)
Danaus hamata septentrionis ; Pinratana,1977 : 69, figs.D5,♂,♀(Un). (all over)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Pinratana & Eliot,1992 : 57,71, pl.72, fig.5,♂. (Chaiyaphum; Nakhon Nayok; Petchaburi; Chumphon)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2000 : 252, fig.58,♂. (Mukdahan: Phu Mu; Phu Huay Sing)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2002 : 19. (Mukdahan: Ban Na Lak; Ban Gok Tum)
Tirumala septentrionis ; Yamaguchi, Aoki & Akiyama,2005 : 47. (Mukdahan: Ban Lao Kram; Phu Hin Khan)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Katsuyama et al.,2005 : 67, fig.102,♀. (Umphang)
Tirumura septentrionis septentrionis ; RDPB & DNP,2006-2008 : Butterflies in Hala-Bala Forest, fig.[♂](Un). (Narathiwat: Hala Bala) (last update: 2006.12.22 ; accessed: 2024.04.30)
Tirumura limnaice limnaice ; RDPB & DNP,2006-2008 : Butterflies in Hala-Bala Forest, fig.[♂](Un). (Narathiwat: Hala Bala) (last update: 2006.12.22 ; accessed: 2024.04.30)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 184, pl.64, figs.D5,♂,♂(Un). (Kanchanaburi; Chiang Mai)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Les Day,2011-2022 : Samui Butterflies, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Koh Samui) (accessed: 2022.12.07)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 186, pl.64, figs.N5,♂,♂(Un). (Kanchanaburi; Chiang Mai)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Okamoto et al.,2013 : 9. (Kanchanaburi: Mae Klong Station)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai; Sa Kaeo; Saraburi; Nakhon Ratchasima; Trat; Phetchaburi; Yala) (accessed: 2024.06.19)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 27, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Phu Khiewo; Nakohn Nayork; Wan Nam Kiewo; Bang Sarrey; Kao Khiewo; Bangkok; Kao Soi Dao; Kratching WF; Doi Musso; Kao Phang WF; Sai York Noi; Erawan WF; Kanchanaburi; Kaeng Krachang; Chung Phoong; Sai Kao WF.)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Chaianunporn & Chaianunporn,2019 : 87. (Chaiyaphum: Chulabhorn Dam)

[ LAOS ]
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 52, pl.32, figs.1,♂,2,♂(Un),3,♀,4,♀(Un). (Tha Ngone; Pakse; Nam Moh; Vientiane; Luang Prabang; Phatong; Vang Vieng)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 204, pl.42, fig.♂. (Thakhek)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Onodera,2009b : 37. (Xieng Kouang: Nam Noen)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 43.
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Onodera,2022 : 22, pl.78, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Khammouan: Thakhek; Vientiane: Vang Vieng)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Monastyrskii et al.,2011 : 128. (Phnom Samkos W.S.)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Kosterin,2019 : 102. (Koh Kong; Preah Sihanouk; Kep)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Kosterin,2019b : 30. (Ratanakiri)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 115. (Kep; Koh Kong; Mondulkiri; Pursat; Preah Vihear; Ratanakiri; Siem Reap)

[ VIETNAM ]
Danais septentrionis ; Joannis,1901 : 315. (Tonkin: Cao Bang)
Danais melissa septentrionis ; Godfrey,1919 : 465. (S: Daban)
Danaida melissa septentrionis ; Moulton,1923 : 128. (Pulo Condore)
Danais septentrionis ; Lemée,1950 : 6. (Hagiang; Hanoi)
Danaus melissa septentrionis ; Metaye,1957 : 100. (N / C / S)
Danaus melissa septentrionis ; Metaye,1958a : 154, pl.1, fig.5,♂. (all over)
Tirumala hamata septentrionis ; Morishita,1970 : 65, fig.7,♂. (La Nga; Trai Bi; Dinh Quan; Trang Bom)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Ikeda et al.,1999 : 50, figs.1:9,♂,10,♂(Un),9:3(♂genitalia). (Cuc Phuong)
Tirumala septentrionis ; Vu,2003 : 57. (Phu Quoc)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Luong et al.,2004 : 3, 36, figs.♀,♀(Un), 37, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006 : 15, fig.D-4,♂. (Lam Dong: Damri ; Dai Duc Me; Dong Nai: Thac Mai; Bin Thuan: Dong Tien)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2007c : 37, fig.D-4,♀. (Dong Nai: Thac Mai)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Monastyrskii,2011 : 35-36, pl.5, figs.2a♂,2b♀. (N: Hoang Lien Son; Ba Be; Huu Lien; Ba Vi; Tam Dao; Cat Ba; Cuc Phuong; Pu Luong / C: Ben En; Xuan Lien; Pu Hoat; Pu Mat; Vu Quang; Phong Nha-Ke Bang; Dak Rong; A Luoi; Son Thanh; Kon Ka Kinh; Hon Ba; Yok Don; Chu Yang Sin; Nui Chua; Da Teh; Bao Lam / S: La Nga; Nghia Trung; Cat Tien; Binh Chau; Lo Go Sa Mat; Con Dao)
Tirumala septentrionis septentrionis ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 19. (N / C / S)

[ THAILAND ]
Chiang Mai : 12♂ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Phrae : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nan : 3♂ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Uttaradit : 1♂ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Loei : 1♂ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Kamphaeng Phet : 2♂ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Tak : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Phetchabun : 1♂ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chaiyaphum : 1♂ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chonburi : 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chanthaburi : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Surat Thani (Koh Tao) : 3♂ 1♀ (photo by P.Kosierb).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nakhon Si Thammarat : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Satun : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Yala : 3♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ LAOS ]
Champasak : 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ VIETNAM ]
Vinh Phuc : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Lam Dong : 2♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

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Nov

Dec

The butterfly is common in secondary and montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 10 - 1100m). Both sexes visit flowers and males occasionally come to puddles to suck water.

Butler, A.G.,1874 : Descriptions of six new species of Diurnal Lepidoptera in the collection of the British Museum.
Ent. mon. Mag. 11: 163-164.

Nakahara, W.,1941 : Quelques Ropalocères nouveaux ou peu connus de la collection de M. Paul Jacoulet.
Zephyrus 9(1): 1-3, 3 pls.

Dufrane, A.,1948 : Note sur les Danaidae.
Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Lyon 17(10): 192-194.

Murayama, S.,1961 : An unrecorded and some aberrant butterflies from Formosa.
Tyô to Ga 11(4): 54-61.

♂, Chaiyaphum, Thailand.	♂, Phetchabun, Thailand.

1998.11.15 - 2025.04.30.