Elymnias nesaea timandra
Wallace, 1869
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♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
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♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
♀, Lampang, Thailand. |
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♂, Phong Saly, Laos. |
♀, Phong Saly, Laos. |
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♂, Lam Dong, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito) |
♀, Lam Dong, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito) |
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♂, Phetchabun, Thailand. |
♂, Xaignabouri, Laos. |
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♂, Vientiane, Laos. (photo by K.Saito) |
♀, Vientiane, Laos. (photo by K.Saito) |
ON :
Elymnias timandra Wallace, 1869
OD : Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1869:326.
TL : Sylhet ; Moulmein. (NHML)
Distribution : Sikkim to N.Myanmar, N. to C.Thailand,
Laos, C.Vietnam (Lam Dong), Yunnan.
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● ssp.timandra |
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● ssp.apelles |
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● ssp.lioneli |
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Synonym
Elymnias nesaea cortona Fruhstorfer, 1911 : in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 9:379. TL. Tenasserim, Burma. (NHML)
Type Materials Information
timandra ; ♂, Type (red), Rh6233, Shilet. (NHML, examined) ; ♀, Type (red), Moulmein. (NHML, examined)
Records taken from Literature
[ THAILAND ]
Elymnias nesaea timandra ; Godfrey,1927 : 122. (N)
Elymnias nesaea timandra ; Godfrey,1930 : 256. (Chiang Mai)
Elymnias nesaea timandra ; Pinratana,1988 : 9, pl.6, figs.9a♂,♀. (Chiang Mai)
Elymnias nesaea timandra ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 232, pl.88, figs.S9a♂,♀. (Chiang Mai)
Elymnias nesaea timandra ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 232, pl.88, figs.N45a♂,♀. (Chiang Mai)
Elymnias nesaea timandra ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, fig. (Chiang Mai) (accessed: 2022.01.01)
Elymnias nesaea apelles ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, fig. (Phetchabun) (in part) (accessed: 2022.01.01)
Elymnias nesaea timandra ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 164, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un). (Tha Ton; Bang Salok)
[ LAOS ]
Elymnias nesaea f.timandra ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 31. (Vientine)
Elymnias nesaea f.cortona ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 31. (Luang-Prabang; Vientiane; Pak-Lung)
Elymnias nesaea timandra ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 64, pl.82, figs.3,♂,4,♂(Un). (Vientiane; Luang Prabang; Tha Ngone)
Elymnias nesaea timandra ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 210, pl.86, figs.♂,♀,♀. (Xiang Khouang; Xam Neua; Vientiane)
Elymnias nesaea timandra ; Uémura,2003 : 2, fig.10,map.
Elymnias nesaea timandra ; Uémura,2006 : 2, fig.6,map. (Vientiane; Nha Hin Pass)
Elymnias nesaea timandra ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 48.
[ VIETNAM ]
Elymnias nesaea timandra ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006c : 28, figs.S-4,♂,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri; Dai Duc Me)
Specimens Examined
[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 1♂.
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Chiang Mai : 8♂ 3♀ (incl. photo).
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Lampang : 2♂ 1♀ (incl. photo).
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Nan : 3♂ (incl. photo).
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Phetchabun : 1♂.
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Kanchanaburi : 1♂ (photo by M.Hayashi).
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
[ LAOS ]
Oudomxai : 1♀ (photo by H.Onodera).
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Phong Saly : 1♂ 1♀.
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Xaignabouri : 1♂.
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
[ VIETNAM ]
Lam Dong : 1♂ 1♀.
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Notes
The butterfly is not rare in montane forest at moderate elevations (Alt.500m - 1300m) and males are often territorial on shrubs at hilltops.
In flight, it is quite similar to Parantica aglea (Danainae).
Very curiously, individuals from Dambri, C.Vietnam are very similar to this subspecies rather than ssp.apelles, despite the more distant distribution.
On the other hand, examples from Vientiane in Laos are slightly closer to ssp.apelles.
I treat these as this taxon provisionally, further taxonomic study is needed.
Literature
Wallace, A.R.,1869 : Notes on Eastern Butterflies ; (continued).
Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 17(4):321-349.
Fruhstorfer, H.,1911 : 4. Familie: Satyridae in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9
377-384. (20.Jun.1911)
Wei, C.H., Lohman, D., Peggie, D. & Yen, S.H.,2017 : An illustrated checklist of the genus Elymnias Hübner,1818 (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae).
Zookeys 676:47-152.
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♂, Lampang, Thailand. |
♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
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♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
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♂, Phetchabun, Thailand. |
♂, Nan, Thailand. |
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♂, Kanchanaburi, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi) |
A Check list of Butterflies in Indo-China, Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM. Copyright © Y.Inayoshi.