♂, Kanchanaburi, Thailand.		♀, Chanthaburi, Thailand.
♂, Trat, Thailand.		♀, Chanthaburi, Thailand.
♀, Chanthaburi, Thailand.		♀, Chanthaburi, Thailand.

ON : Catophaga adamsoni Moore,1905 OD : Lep. Ind. 7:4-6, pl.551, figs.2,2a-e. TL : Upper Tenasserim, Burma. Distribution : Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Langkawi. ● ssp.adamsoni ● ssp.griseoides ● ssp.distanti

Appias melania pseudoleis Fruhstorfer, 1910 : in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 9:155, pl.61a. TL. Siam.

adamsoni ;
♂, Type HT (red), Thoungyin V. (NHML, examined) ; ♀, Type AT (red), Dawnat R. (NHML, examined)
pseudoleis ;
♂, Type, Januar. Muok-lek. H.Fruhftorfer (NHML, examined)
♀, Type, Januar. Hinlap. H.Fruhstorfer (NHML, examined)

[ THAILAND ]
Appias melania pseudoleis ; Fruhstorfer,1910 : 155. (Siam)
Appias melania pseudoleis ; Godfrey,1916 : 115. (Chonburi: Sriracha)
Appias melania pseudoleis ; Godfrey,1930 : 227. (Chonburi: Sriracha)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Pinratana,1983 : 18, pl.14, fig.30a♂. (Bangkok; Chanthaburi; Chonburi; Nan; Kanchanaburi; Nakhon Ratchasima; Nonthaburi; Nakhon Nayok; Prachuap Khiri Khan; Saraburi; Uthai Thani)
Appias albina darada ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : pl.47, figs.Pi31a(bottom)♀,♀,♀(Un). (in part)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 152, pl.48, figs.Pi32a♂,♂(Un). (Pak Chong; Trok Nong WF; Chiang Mai)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Yata et al.,2010 : 795, fig.20-L♂(Ban Takum). (Thailand)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 157, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Sarika; Nakohn Nayok; Kratching WF; Pliewn WF; Kao Soi Dao)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 152, pl.48, figs.Pi32a♂,♂(Un),♀,♀,♀(Un). (Pak Chong; Trok Nong WF; Doi Inthanon)
Appias paulina admsoni ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Sa Kaeo; Nakhon Ratchasima) (accessed: 2022.09.20)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Chaianunporn & Chaianunporn,2019 : 87. (Chaiyaphum: Chulabhorn Dam)

[ LAOS ]
Appias melania f. adamsoni ; Dubois & Vitalis,1921 : 21. (Laos)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 50, pl.22, figs.5,♂,6,♂(Un). (Tha Ngone)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 202. (list only)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Yata et al.,2010 : 795. (Laos)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 42.
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Onodera,2022 : 17, pl.66, figs.♀,♀(Un). (Khammouan: 'Lak Sao' [Lak Kao, near Thakhek])

[ CAMBODIA ]
Appias pseudoleis ; Vitalis,1919 : 219. (Cambodge)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Yata et al.,2010 : 795. (Cambodia)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 114. (Koh Kong)

[ VIETNAM ]
Catophaga paulina ; Joannis,1901 : 330. (Tonkin: Cao Bang)
Appias melania adamsoni ; Fruhstorfer,1910 : 155. (Tonkin)
Appias adamsoni ; Vitalis,1919 : 219. (Tonkin)
Appias melania f. adamsoni ; Dubois & Vitalis,1921 : 21. (Annam / Tonkin)
Appias adamsoni ; Lemée,1950 : 5. (Hagiang)
Appias melania adamsoni ; Metaye,1957 : 86. (N / C)
Appias melania adamsoni ; Metaye,1958b : 174. (Foret de Bao Liet; Foret de Dinh Quan; Trang Bom)
Appias paulina ; Luong et al.,2004 : 2. (Cuc Phuong)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006 : 11, fig.Pi-14,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2007c : 37, fig.Pi-14,♂. (Lam Dong: Dambri)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Yata et al.,2010 : 795. (Vietnam)
Appias paulina adamsoni ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 17. (N / C / S)

[ THAILAND ]
Chiang Mai : 2♂ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Kanchanaburi : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chonburi : 2♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chanthaburi : 3♂ 8♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Trat : 12♂ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ LAOS ]
Champasak : 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ VIETNAM ]
Lam Dong : 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

The butterfly is locally common in secondary and montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 10 - 900m). Both sexes visit flowers, and males frequently come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.
This taxon is highly variable with individual and seasonal variation, and females are polymorphic. The differences between ssp.adamsoni and ssp.distanti are not so notable, and considering the range of variation between the two subspecies, these are likely to be indistinguishable as D'Abrera,1982 and Kimura et al.,2014 pointed out. I tentatively followed the conventional classification here, but further taxonomic study is needed.

Moore, F.,1905-1907 : Lepidoptera Indica. vol.VII. Rhopalocera, Family Papilionidae, Sub-family Pierinae (continued). 1-182.
L.Reeve & Co., London.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1910 : 2. Familie: Pieridae in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9
153-168. (2.Apr.1910)

D'Abrera, B.,1982 : Butterflies of the Oriental Region Part 1 Papilionidae, Pieridae & Danaidae
xxi + 244pp, Hill House, Australia.

Yata, O., Chainey, J.E. & Vane-Wright, R.I.,2010 :
The Golden and Mariana albatrosses, new species of pierid butterflies, with a review of subgenus Appias (Catophaga) (Lepidoptera)
Syst. Entomol. 35(4):764-800.

♂, Chanthaburi, Thailand.	♂, Trat, Thailand.
♂, Trat, Thailand.

1996.10.31 - 2023.03.31.