♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. (photo by A.Cotton)		♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Nan, Thailand. (photo by A.Cotton)		♀, Nan, Thailand. (photo by A.Cotton)
♂, Xaisomboun, Laos. (photo by A.M.Cotton)		♂, Xaisomboun, Laos. (photo by A.M.Cotton)

ON : Papilio epycides hypochra Jordan, 1909 OD : in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 9:41. TL : Shan States : Karen Mountains (Salween River). Distribution : Myanmar (Shan States to Karen), N.Thailand, C.Laos, S.Yunnan (Mengla). ● ssp.hypochra ● ssp.camilla ● ssp.imitata

[ THAILAND ]
Papilio epycides epycides ; Godfrey,1927 : 119. (N)
Papilio epycides epycides ; Godfrey,1930 : 209. (Chiang Mai)
Chilasa epycides epycides ; Pinratana,1977 : 22, figs.P16,♂,♂(Un). (N)
Chilasa epycides epycides ; Pinratana & Eliot,1992 : 18,40, pl.19, fig.17,♂. (Chiang Mai)
Chilasa epycides epycides ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 98, pl.21, figs.P44,♂,♂(Un),♀. (Wiang Pa Pao)
Chilasa epycides hypochra ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 119, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Pha Hom Pok; Chiang Dao; Doi Suthep)
Papilio epycides hypochra ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 98, pl.21, figs.P41,♂,♂(Un),♀. (Wiang Pa Pao; Mae Hong Son)
Papilio epycides hypochra ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai) (accessed: 2023.05.16)

[ LAOS ]
Papilio epycides hypochra ; Cotton & Racheli,[2007] : 370-371. (Xaysomboun: Nam Cha) (in part)
Chilasa epycides hypochra ; Onodera,2022 : 5, pl.15, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Xiengkhouang: Tha) (in part)

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 3♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chiang Rai : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

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Dec

Chiang Mai : 11♂ 5♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

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Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Lampang : 3♂ 1♀ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

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Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nan : 2♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

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Jul

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Sep

Oct

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Dec

[ LAOS ]
Xaisomboun : 2♂.

Jan

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Dec

The butterfly is not uncommon in montane forests at low to high elevations (Alt. 350 - 1700m) with a single generation in a year. Males frequently come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water. In flight it mimics Parantica aglea (Danainae) very well and it is very difficult to distinguish them.
The populations in northern Indochina have previously been treated as a single ssp.hypochra. However, comparison of a large number of specimens showed distinct differences between populations from Myanmar (Shan States to Karens), S.Yunnan and N.Thailand to C.Laos, and populations from E.Laos to Vietnam. The males of eastern Laos-Vietnamese populations have distinctly darker markings on the upper surface than ssp.hypochra, and especially UnH in space 7.
Examples from Hinboun, Khammouan are similar to ssp.camilla and examples from Xaisomboun are closer to ssp.hypochra. It seems to be a transition zone between both subspecies.

Jordan, K.,1909 : Die Indo-Australische Tagfalter. Papilionidae in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde
9:41-48.

♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀, Lampang, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

1996.09.29 - 2023.05.31.