Atrophaneura astorion zaleucus
(Hewitson, 1865)
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
♂, Phrae, Thailand. |
♀, Nan, Thailand. |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
♂, Nan, Thailand. |
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
♀, Khammouan, Laos.
(photo by A.M.Cotton) |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
♂, Phetchaburi, Thailand. (photo by A.M.Cotton) |
♂, Phetchaburi, Thailand.(photo by A.M.Cotton) |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
♀, Phetchaburi, Thailand. |
♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
 |
 |
|
♀, Chiang Rai, Thailand. (photo by A.M.Cotton) |
ON :
Papilio zaleucus Hewitson, 1865
OD : Ill. exot. Butts. 3:[5], pl.[3], figs.24,♂,25,♀ (Papilio VIII).
TL : Burmah. (♂♀, NHML)
Distribution : Myanmar, Thailand, N.Laos, W.Cambodia, N.W.Vietnam,
China.
|
● ssp.zaleucus |
|
● transition zone of varuna and zaleucus |
|
● ssp.astorion |
|
● ssp.varuna |
|
 |
Synonyms
Byasa zaleucus ♂v. punctata Evans, 1923 : J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 29(1):231. TL. Shan State, S.Burma. (♂, NHML) (IFS)
Papilio zaleucus f.indiv.♂ anomala Rousseau-Decelle, 1947 : Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 51:128. TL. Kalataung, Tavoy, Birmanie. (♂) (IFS)
Type Materials Information
zaleucus ;
♂, Type (red), Rh10831, Burmah. (NHML, examined) ; ♀, Type (red), Rh10832, Burmah. (NHML, examined)
punctata ; ♂, Type (red), Rh10830, Dec.1922. Kawkareik, Thinyanyaung, Tenasserim. (NHML, examined)
Records taken from Literature
[ THAILAND ]
Papilio zaleucus ; Godfrey,1916 : 109. (Chonburi: Hup Bon)
Papilio varuna astorion ; Godfrey,1927 : 119. (N)
Papilio zaleucus ; Godfrey,1927 : 119. (N)
Papilio varuna astorion ; Godfrey,1930 : 207. (Me Wong; Chiang Mai)
Papilio zaleucus ; Godfrey,1930 : 207. (Prae: Me Song forest; Chiang Mai; Chonburi: Sriracha; Me Wong)
Atrophaneura astorion zaleucus ; Pinratana,1977 : 11, figs.P6c♂,♀. (exept P)
Parides varuna zaleucus ; Pinratana & Eliot,1992 : 13,39, pl.9, figs.6,♂,♀. (Chiang Mai; Chaiyaphum; Chonburi; Chanthaburi; Ratchaburi)
Parides varuna astorion ; Pinratana & Eliot,1992 : 13,39, pl.10, figs.7b♂. (Chiang Mai)
Atrophaneura zaleucus ; Katsuyama et al.,2005 : 64, fig.37,♂. (Umphang: Tha Sai; Umphang)
Atrophaneura zaleucus ; Katsuyama et al.,2006 : 45, fig.23,♂. (Nan: Ban Nam Poon)
Atrophaneura zaleucus ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 66, pl.4, figs.P8,♂,♂(Un),♂,♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai; Chiang Rai)
Atrophaneura varuna astorion ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 68, pl.5, fig.9b♂(Un). (Chiang Mai: Doi Pha Hom Pok; Chiang Rai: Wiang Pa Pao)
Atrophaneura varuna zaleucus ; Racheli & Cotton,2010 : 29-31. (continental)
Atrophaneura varuna astorion ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 114, figs.♀,♀(Un). (Ratchaburi)
Atrophaneura zaleucus ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 113, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Khun Lao Village; Maethro; Bang Salok; Thung Saleng Luang; Phu Khiewo; Nakohn Nayork; Wan Nam Khiewo; Kao Soi Dao; Pliewn WF; Khao Sabap; Kratchin WF; Khao Khiewo; Sai York Noi; Ratchaburi)
Atrophaneura varuna zaleucus ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 66, pl.4, figs.P8a♂,♂(Un),♂,♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai; Chiang Rai; Kaeng Krachan; Khao Ang Rue Nai)
Atrophaneura zaleucus ; Okamoto et al.,2013 : 6. (Kanchanaburi: Mae Klong Station)
Atrophaneura varuna zaleucus ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai; Phetchabun; Kanchanaburi; Sa Kaeo) (accessed: 2023.05.16)
[ LAOS ]
Papilio zaleucus ; Dubois & Vitalis,1914 : 146. (Laos)
Papilio zaleucus ; Vitalis,1919 : 210. (Laos)
Papilio zaleucus ; Dubois & Vitalis,1921 : 8. (Laos)
Atrophaneura varuna zaleucus ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 45, not fig. (Nam Tok Tat; Luang Prabang; Vang Vieng)
Atrophaneura zaleucus ; Masui & Uehara,1994 : 8, pl.2, figs.1,♂,2,♀. (Louang Namtha)
Atrophaneura zaleucus ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 200, pl.3, fig.♂. (Vang Vieng)
Atrophaneura varuna zaleucus ; Cotton & Racheli,[2007] : 326-327. (Thabok; Phou Pha Man: Koun Ngun)
Atrophaneura varuna zaleucus ; Racheli & Cotton,2010 : 29-31, figs.♀,♀,♀(Un). (W.Laos)
Atrophaneura zaleucus ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 41.
Atrophaneura zaleucus ; Suwa et al.,2019 : 5, fig.9,♀. (Oudomxay; Nam Kat; Nam Mat; Phou Phung; Tham Piu; Vang Vieng)
Atrophaneura zaleucus ; Onodera,2022 : 3, pl.5, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Vientiane: Vang Vieng; Luang Phabang: near Panio; Xiengkhouang: Muang Kham)
[ CAMBODIA ]
Atrophaneura varuna zaleucus ; Racheli & Cotton,2010 : 29-31. (W)
Atrophaneura varuna zaleucus ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 113. (W)
[ VIETNAM ]
Papilio zaleucus ; Jordan,1909 : 30. (Tonkin)
Papilio zaleucus ; Dubois & Vitalis,1914 : 146. (Annam)
Papilio zaleucus ; Vitalis,1919 : 210. (Annam)
Papilio zaleucus ; Dubois & Vitalis,1921 : 8. (Tonkin / Annam)
Papilio zaleucus ; Metaye,1957 : 81. (N / C)
Atrophaneura zaleucus ; Monastyrskii,2007 : 27, pl.3, figs.1a♂,1b♀. (N: Muong Nhe / C: Cua Rao (Annam) / S: Huong-Va)
Atrophaneura varuna zaleucus ; Racheli & Cotton,2010 : 29-31. (NW)
Atrophaneura zaleucus zaleucus ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 11. (N / C)
Specimens Examined
[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Chiang Rai : 6♂ 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Chiang Mai : 6♂ 6♀ (incl. photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Lampang : 4♂ 1♀ (incl. photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Phrae : 2♂ 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Nan : 7♂ 6♀ (incl. photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Phetchabun : 1♀ (photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Chonburi : 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Chanthaburi : 8♂.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Phetchaburi : 3♂ 2♀ (incl. photo by M.Hayashi).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
[ LAOS ]
Bolikhamxai : 1♂.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Khammouan : 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
[ VIETNAM ]
Lam Dong : 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Notes
The butterfly is locally common in montane forests at low to high elevations (Alt. 300 - 1800m).
Both sexes visit flowers. Males frequently come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.
The population in Phetchaburi and Ratchaburi, northern part of Peninsular Thailand is highly variable and unstable.
It appears intermediate between ssp.zaleucus to ssp.varuna.
In the NHML, there are several specimens (from S.Myanmar: Tavoy and Tenasserim) the same as this form.
Therefore, the area from Phetchaburi to Tenasserim can be considered as a transition area for both subspecies.
Furthermore, these intermediate individuals occasionally occur in N.Thailand, C.Laos, and C.Vietnam.
The specimens conventionally recorded as ssp.astorion in Thailand are considered to be either misidentified Atrophaneura aidoneus or similar variations of ssp.zaleucus.
Literature
Hewitson, W.C.,[1862]-1866 :
Illustrations of new species of exotic Butterflies, selected chiefly from the Collections of W.Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson.
3:iv + [124]pp, 60 pls. Van Voorst, London.
Evans, W.H.,1923 : The Identification of Indian Butterflies.
J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 29(1):230-260, 9 pls.
Rousseau-Decelle, G.,1947 : Contribution a letude des Papilio de la faune Indo-Oceanienne (Lep. Papilionidae)
Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 51:128-133.
Hu, S.J, Cotton, A.M., Lamas, G, Duan, K. & Zhang, X.,2023 : Checklist of Yunnan Papilionidae (Lepidoptera: Papilionidea) with nomenclatural notes and descriptions of new subspecies
Zootaxa 5362(1):001-069.
 |
 |
| ♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
♀, Phetchabun, Thailand. |
 |
 |
| ♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
 |
 |
| ♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
♀, Nan, Thailand. |
| Intermediate form between varuna and zaleucus |
 |
 |
| ♂, Phetchaburi, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi) |
 |
 |
| ♀, Phetchaburi, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi) |
A Check list of Butterflies in Indo-China, Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM. Copyright © 1996- Y.Inayoshi.
