Nacaduba pactolus continentalis
Fruhstorfer, 1916
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♂, Tak, Thailand. |
♀, Mae Hong Son, Thailand. |
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♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
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♂, Chanthaburi, Thailand. |
♀, Chanthaburi, Thailand. |
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♂, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. |
♀, Ranong, Thailand. |
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♂, Yala, Thailand. |
♀, Yala, Thailand. |
ON :
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis Fruhstorfer, 1916
OD : Zool. Meded. 2(14): 114.
TL : 'Sikkim; Bhutan; Assam; Birma [Myanmar]'.
Distribution : Nepal, S.India, Bhutan, Sikkim, Assam, Myanmar, Yunnan, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam.
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Records taken from Literature
[ THAILAND ]
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Godfrey,1930 : 321. (Prae: Me Song forest; Chiang Rai: Phar Mieng)
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Pinratana,1981 : 61, pl.10, figs.10,♂,11,♀(Un). (Chanthaburi; Chiang Mai; Nakhon Ratchasima; Tak)
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Yamaguchi, Aoki & Akiyama,2005 : 54, fig.26,♂. (Ubon Ratchathani: Phu Pung)
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 580, pl.262, figs.L129,♂,♂(Un). (partim)
Nacaduba pendleburyi pendleburyi ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 580, pl.263, figs.L130,♀,♀(Un). (Ranong)
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Les Day,2011–2022 : Samui Butterflies, fig.[♂](Un). (Koh Samui) (accessed: 2021.05.12)
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 602, pl.273, figs.L154,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Trat; Ranong)
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Kimura et al.,2014 : 157, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Suthep; Thung Saleng Luang; Phu Khiewo; Nakohn Nayok; Kao Soi Dao; Kratchin WF; Doi Musso)
Nacaduba pactolus odon ; Kimura et al.,2014 : 157, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Khlong Naka; Ka Chong; Than To WF.)
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Sophonviwatkul et al.,2015– : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai; Sa Kaeo; Ratchaburi) (accessed: 2021.05.08)
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Nishimura,2026 : 39, figs.76,♂,76v♂(Un). (Mae Hong Son: Ban Klang)
[ LAOS ]
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 72, pl.103, figs.A3,♂,A4,♂(Un),A5,♀,A6,♀(Un). (Nam Moh; Nam Tan; Tha Ngone; Luang Prabang)
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Osada et al.,1999 : 215, pl.111, fig.♂(Un). (Lak Sao)
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 52.
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Onodera,2022 : 81, pl.211, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Khammouan: Nahin; Ban Lao)
[ CAMBODIA ]
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 121, fig.4E,♂(Un). (Koh Kong)
[ VIETNAM ]
Nacaduba pactolus ; Metaye,1957 : 90. (no loc.)
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Miyazaki et al.,2006d : 56, fig.L-50,♀. (Lam Dong: Gung Re)
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Miyazaki et al.,2010 : 25, fig.L-50,♂. (Lam Dong: Dambri; Gung Re)
Nacaduba pactolus continentalis ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 53. (C / S)
Specimens Examined
[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 6♂ 1♀ (incl. photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Chiang Mai : 12♂ 5♀ (incl. photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Tak : 7♂.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Kanchanaburi : 1♂.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Phetchabun : 1♂ (photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Chaiyaphum : 1♂.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Chanthaburi : 3♂ 2♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Ranong : 2♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Nakhon Si Thammarat : 1♂.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Yala : 4♂ 1♀ (incl. photo by S.Atdhabhan).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Notes
The butterfly is locally common in forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 100 - 1000m).
Males are territorial on trees at hilltops and are frequently observed mud-puddling along stream banks and at puddles.
Kimura et al. (2014) treated the population from peninsular Thailand as ssp.odon, but I could not find any differences from the continental population.
Therefore, I consider all populations from Thailand to be ssp.continentalis.
Literature
Fruhstorfer, H.,1916 : Revision der Gattung Nacaduba auf Grund der Morphologie der Generationsorgane.
Zool. Meded. 2(14): 103-140, pl.4-5. (30.Aug.1916)
Tite, G.E.,1963 : A Synonymic List of the Genus Nacaduba and Allied Genera (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae).
Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 13(4): 69-116, 91 tf, 2 pls. London.
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| ♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
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| ♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
♂, Phetchabun, Thailand. |
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| ♂, Yala, Thailand. (photo by S.Atdhabhan) |
A Check list of Butterflies in Indo-China, Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM. Copyright © 1996- Y.Inayoshi.