♂, Trat, Thailand.		♀, Chanthaburi, Thailand.
♂, Siem Reap, Cambodia. (photo by K.Saito)		♀, Trat, Thailand.
♂, Sekong, Laos. (photo by K.Saito)		♀, Sekong, Laos. (photo by K.Saito)
♀, Chanthaburi, Thailand.		♀, Trat, Thailand.
♀, Lam Dong, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito)		♀, Dak Nong, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito)

ON : Cynitia cognata Moore, [1897] OD : Lep. Ind. 3:98, pl.226, figs.1,♀,1a♀(Un). TL : Siam. (♀, NHML) Distribution : C. to E.Thailand, C. to S.Laos, Camdodia, C. & S.Vietnam. ● ssp.sthavara ● ssp.flaminia ● ssp.cognata ● ssp.phuquoca

♀, Holotype, Siam. (NHML, photo examined)

[ THAILAND ]
Euthalia lepidea cognata ; Godfrey,1916 : 130. (Chonburi: Hup Bon; Sriracha)
Euthalia lepidea cognata ; Godfrey,1930 : 289. (Muak Lek / Chonburi: Sriracha)
Euthalia lepidea cognata ; Pinratana,1979 : 69, not fig. (Chanthaburi; Nakhon Nayok) (in part)
Tanaecia lepidea sthavara ; Pinratana & Eliot,1996 : 71. (Nakhon Ratchasima; Nakhon Nayok; Chanthaburi) (in part)
Tanaecia lepidea cognata ; Pinratana & Eliot,1996 : 71, pl.46, fig.129b♀. (no loc.)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2000 : 255, fig.105,♂. (Mukdahan: Phu Mu; Phu Pha Thaep; Phu Huay Sing; Ubon Ratchathani: Kaeng Tana)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2002 : 29. (Ubon Ratchathani: Ban Na Pho Krang; Phu Chong Na Yoi; Kaeng Tana; Nam Tok Soi Sawan; Kaeng E-Keow; Phu Hin Dang; Mukdahan: Ban Lao Kram; Nam Tok Tad Ton; Nam Tok Kham Cha I; Ban Na Lak; Ban Gok Tum)
Cynitia lepidea cognate [sic] ; Yamaguchi, Aoki & Akiyama,2005 : 51. (Mukdahan: Ban Lao Kram; Phu Hin Khan; Ubon Ratchathani: Kaen Tana; Nam Tok Soi Sawan; Phu Chong Na Yoi)
Tanaecia lepidea cognata ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 424, pl.186, figs.N134b♂,♂(Un). (no loc.)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 434, pl.190, figs.N300b♂,♂(Un),♀(Un). (Trat)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs., Early Stages. (Sa Kaeo; Chanthaburi) (accessed: 2021.05.08)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 99-100, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Kao Yai; Sarika; Wan Nam Khiewo; Kao Soi Dao; Pliewn WF; Kratching WF; Kao Khiewo)

[ LAOS ]
Tanaecia lepidea lepidea ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 59. (Pakse) (in part)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 207, pl.62, figs.♀. (Thateng) (in part)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Nimura & Wakahara,2005 : 43. (Namdhua)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Onodera,2009b : 41. (Khammouan: Nacay)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 46.
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Suwa et al.,2013 : 18. (Thabok; Lak Xao; Nahin; Xebangfay; Thakhek; Phonsy)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Onodera,2022 : 42, pl.122, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Khammouan: Natung; Bolikhamxai: Phon Si)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Euthalia lepidea cognata ; Fruhstorfer,1913 : 657. ('Angkor, Siam')
Euthalia cognata ; Vitalis,1919 : 231. (Cambodge)
Tanaecia lepidea cognata ; Woodfield & Murton,2006 : figs,♀,♂. (Botum Sakor NP.)
Cynitia lepidea ; Onodera,2007 : 29, fig.65,♂. (Siem Reap: Angkor)
Tanaecia lepidea ; Monastyrskii et al.,2011 : 129. (Phnom Samkos W.S.)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Kosterin,2019 : 97. (Koh Kong; Preah Sihanouk)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Kosterin,2020 : 327. (Pursat; Preah Vihear)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 118. (Koh Kong; Pursat; Preah Sihanouk; Preah Vihear; Siem Reap; Stueng Treng)

[ VIETNAM ]
Euthalia lepidea flaminia ; Fruhstorfer,1913 : 657. (S.Annam) (in part)
Euthalia mirdita ; Vitalis,1919 : 231. (Annam) (in part)
Euthalia lepidea f.mirdita ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 42. (S.Annam) (in part)
Euthalia lepidea ; Vu,2003 : 57. (Phu Quoc)
Tanaecia lepidea ; Monastyrskii et al.,2006 : 41. (Thua Thien Hue: Nam Dong; A Luoi; Huong Thuy; Phong Dien; Bach Ma)
Cynitia lepidea matala ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006b : 26, figs.N-82,♂,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri; Dai Duc Me; Dong Nai: Thac Mai)
Cynitia lepidea matala ; Nihira,2009 : 99. (Phu Quoc)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 39. (C / S) (in part)
Cynitia lepidea cognata ; Monastyrskii,2019 : 4(2):105-106, pl.59, figs.2a♂,2b♀. (C: Ba To; Kon Ka Kinh; Yok Don; Da Teh; Loc Bac; Bao Lam / S: Cat Tien; Lo Go Sa Mat; Nghia Trung; Binh Chau)

[ THAILAND ]
Saraburi : 3♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nakhon Nayok : 1♀ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chanthaburi : 1♂ 3♀ (incl. photo by T.Aoyama).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Trat : 3♂ 4♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ LAOS ]
Sekong : 1♂ 2♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Champasak : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ CAMBODIA ]
Siem Reap : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ VIETNAM ]
Gia Lai : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Da Nang : 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Dak Nong : 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Lam Dong : 11♂ 7♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Kien Giang (Phu Quoc) : 1♂ 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

The butterfly is common in montane forest at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 10 - 650m) and males are territorial on shrubs or undergrowth.
The white spots on the UpF of females are rather variable.
The distribution of the subspecies in Laos is still unclear due to the small number of specimens examined. Plots on the distribution map are tentative. Further taxonomic and distributional research are needed.

Moore, F.,1890-1913 : Lepidoptera Indica.
London, L.Reeve and Co. 10 volumes in 123 parts.

♂, Trat, Thailand.	♀, Saraburi, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi)
♂, Chanthaburi, Thailand. (photo by T.Aoyama)	♀, Chanthaburi, Thailand. (photo by T.Aoyama)
♀, Saraburi, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi)	♀ (laying egg), Nakhon Nayok, Thailand.

2007.01.31 - 2024.02.29.