Parasarpa zulema

Parasarpa zulema (Doubleday, [1848])


♂, Tak, Thailand.		♀, Tak, Thailand.

♂, Tak, Thailand.		♂, Nan, Thailand.

♂, Tak, Thailand.		♂, 1990.04.--, Xaignabouri, Laos.

ON : Limenitis zulema Doubleday, [1848]
OD : Gen. diurn. Lep. (2): pl.34, fig.1.
TL : India.

Distribution : Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam to Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

Records taken from Literature

[ THAILAND ]
Sumalia zulema : Miyata & Hanafusa,1994 : 1, pl.4, fig.6,♂. ('Mae Hong Son [presumably from Tak]')
Sumalia zulema : Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 412, pl.180, figs.N118,♂,♂(Un),♀. ('Mae Sariang [presumably from Tak]'; Umphang)
Sumalia zulema : Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 422, pl.184, figs.N284,♂,♂(Un),♀. ('Mae Sariang [presumably from Tak]'; Umphang)
Sumalia zulema : Kimura et al.,2016 : 92, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Umphang)
Sumalia zulema : Nishimura,2026b : 59, fig.60,♀[♂],60v♀[♂](Un). ('Mae Hong Son: Mae Sariang [presumably from Tak]')

[ LAOS ]
Sumalia zulema : Saito & Inayoshi,2018 : 31, figs.35,♂,♂(Un). (Xaignabouri)

[ VIETNAM ]
Limenitis zulema f. zulema : Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 41. (Tonkin: Chapa)
Limenitis zulema : Metaye,1957 : 97. (N)
Sumalia zulema : Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 36. (N: Lao Cai; C: Ha Tinh)
Sumalia zulema : Monastyrskii,2019 : 4(2):39–40, pl.39, figs.2a♂,2b♂(Un). (N: Hoang Lien; Van Ban; C: Vu Quang)

Specimens Examined

[ THAILAND ]
Tak : 10♂ 1♀ (incl. photo).

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Nan : 3♂ (incl. photo by A.Giudici).

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

[ LAOS ]
Xaignabouri : 1990.04.--. 1♂. P.Sukkit (YI).

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Notes

This is the first record from Laos.
The butterfly is locally not uncommon in forests at moderate elevations (900–1,300 m a.s.l.). The record from Mae Hong Son (including Mae Sariang) in Thailand is likely based on a locality error, possibly resulting from a specimen mix-up. The actual locality is presumably Tak.

Literature

Doubleday, E, [1848]. The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera: comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habits and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus.
Longman, Brown, Green and Longman's, Lodon, 2: pls. 31–42. ([3.Nov.1848])

Miyata, T. & Hanafusa, H, 1994. Newly recorded butterflies from North Thailand (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae).
Futao, 17: 1–2, pl. 4.

Wu, L-W, Chiba, H., Lees, D.C, Ohsima, Y. & Jeng, M-L, 2019. Unravelling relationships among the shared stripes of sailors:
Mitogenomic phylogeny of Limenitidini butterflies (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae,Limenitidinae), focusing on the genera Athyma and Limenitis.
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 130(2019): 60–66.


♂, Tak, Thailand.	♂, Nan, Thailand. (photo by A.Giudici)

2007.03.10 - 2026.10.31.