Zenonoida discreta discreta

Zenonoida discreta discreta (Elwes & Edwards, 1897)


♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

♂, Tak, Thailand.		♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

♂, Nan, Thailand.		♂ genitalia, Nan, Thailand.

ON : Parnara discreta Elwes & Edwards, 1897
OD : Trans. zool. Soc. Lond. 14(4):282, pl.21, fig.16,♂; pl.26, figs.80a,b.
TL : Khasias. (♂, NHML)

Distribution : N.W.Himalayas, Nepal, Sikkim, Assam, Myanmar, Thailand,
Laos, Vietnam, W.Malaysia.

Synonym

Baoris discreta himalaya Evans, 1926 : J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 31(3):635. TL. Simla. (♂, NHML)

Records taken from Literature

[ THAILAND ]
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Evans,1949 : 447. (N.Siam)
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Pinratana,1985 : 110, pl.38, fig.253,♂. (Chiang Mai)
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Ek-Amnuay et al.,2007 : 5, figs.H293,♂,♀. (Doi Par Hom Pok)
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 104, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Pha Hom Pok; Doi Ankaan; Doi Phui; Doi Suthep; Doi Inthanon; Maethro)
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 904, pl.418, figs.H290,♂,♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai; 'Nakhon Nayok')
Polytremis discreta discreta ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai) (accessed: 2023.10.22)

[ LAOS ]
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Masui & Uehara,1994 : 7, fig.57,♂,♂(Un). (Xiang Khouang)
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 225, pl.143, fig.♂. (Phong Saly)
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Onodera,2009b : 35-36. (Xieng Kouang: Muang Kham)
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 60.
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Onodera,2022 : 124, pl.261, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Oudomxai; Xiengkhouang: Tha)

[ VIETNAM ]
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Evans,1949 : 447. (Tonkin)
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Devyatkin & Monastyrskii,1999 : 178. (Muong Nhe; Ba Be)
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Devyatkin & Monastyrskii,2003 : 130. (S: Bi Doup - Nui Ba)
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2007b : 17, fig.H-121,♂. (Lam Dong: Gung Re)
Polytremis discreta discreta ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 84. (N / C: to Lam Dong)

Specimens Examined

[ THAILAND ]
Chiang Mai : 8♂ 2♀.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Nan : 2♂.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Tak : 1♂.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Notes

The butterfly is locally not rare in montane forests at moderate to high elevations (Alt. 1100 - 2200m). Both sexes visit flowers.
Zhang et al. (2023:83) proposed Zenonoida as a subgenus of Zenonia based on molecular analysis. However, for the purposes of markings, genitalia and biogeography, I follow conventional taxonomy here.

Literature

Elwes, H.J. & Edwards, J.,1897 : A Revision of the Oriental Hesperiidae.
Trans. zool. Soc. Lond. 14(4):101-324, pls.18-27.

Evans, W.H.,1926 : The Identification of Indian Butterflies (9-11)
J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 31(1):49-83, pl.30 ; (2):427-446, pl.31 ; (3):615-637, pl.32.

Fan, X., Chiba, H., Huang, Z., Fei, W. Wang, M. & Safian, S.,2016 :
Clarification of the Phylogenetic Framework of the Tribe Baorini (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae) Inferred from Multiple Gene Sequences
PloS One 11(7):e0156861.

Tang, J., Huang, Z., Chiba, H., Han, Y., Wang, M. & Fan X.,2017 :
Systematics of the genus Zinaida Evans, 1937 (Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae: Baorini)
PloS One 12(11):e0188883.

Zhang, J., Cong, Q., Shen, J., Song, L. & Grishin, N.V.,2023 : Butterfly classification and species discovery using genomics
The taxonomic report 11(3):1-94.

2018.07.31 - 2023.11.30.