Halpe zema zema  (Hewitson,1877)
Halpe zema zema ♂ Up. Halpe zema zema ♂ Un. Halpe zema zema ♀ Up. Halpe zema zema ♀ Un.
♂, Tak, Thailand. ♀, Tak, Thailand.
Halpe zema zema ♂ Up. Halpe zema zema ♂ Un. Halpe zema zema ♂ Up. Halpe zema zema ♂ Un.
♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand. ♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.
Halpe zema zema ♂ genitalia Halpe zema zema ♂ genitalia
♂ genitalia, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.

ON : Hesperia zema Hewitson,1877
OD : Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4)19:77.
TL : Sikkim. (♂, NHML)
Distribution : Sikkim to Myanmar, Thailand,
Laos, Vietnam.

● ssp.zema
● ssp.zamba
Halpe zema zema map
Records taken from Literature

[ THAILAND ]
Halpe zema zema ; Godfrey,1930 : 380. (Prae: Me Song forest; Klong Pong Kapo)
Halpe zema ormenes ; Shirôzu & Saigusa,1962 : 32-33, pl.1, figs.7,♂,8,♂(Un), Textfig.5,♂genitalia. (Mae Hoi)
Halpe zema zema ; Pinratana,1985 : 53, pl.18, fig.96,♂. (no loc.)
"Halpe zema zema ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 776, pl.356, figs.H120,♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai)"
Halpe zema zema ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 55. (by literature)
"Halpe ormenes vilasina ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 828, pl.382, figs.H115,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Pha Hom Pok)"

[ LAOS ]
Halpe zema zema ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 ; 223, pl.138, fig.♂(Un). (Xaignabouri)
Halpe zema zema ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 58.

[ VIETNAM ]
Halpe zema ormenes ; Inoué & Kawazoé,1966 ; 94, figs.87,♀(Un). (Banmethuot; Trang Bom)
Halpe zema zema ; Devyatkin & Monastyrskii,1999 ; 165. (Na Hang; Ba Be)
Halpe zema zema ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 77. (N: Bac Can, Tuyen Quang)

Specimens Examined

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 9♂.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Chiang Mai : 3♂.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Phrae : 1♂.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Tak : 1♂ 2♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Kanchanaburi : 1♂.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec


[ LAOS ]
Oudomxai : 1♂ (photo by H.Onodera).
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Bolikhamxai : 1♂ (photo by H.Onodera).
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Notes

The butterfly is locally not rare in montane forest at moderate elevations (Alt.500m - 700m).
This species is distinguishable from allied species, especially Halpe zola, by only examination of male genitalia.

Literature

Hewitson, W.C.,1877 : Descriptions of twenty-five new species of Hesperidae.
Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4)19:76-85.

1999.09.04 - 2022.01.31.
A Check list of Butterflies in Indo-China, Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM. Copyright © 1996- Y.Inayoshi.