♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

ON : Charaxes nepenthes Grose-Smith, 1883 OD : Ent. mon. Mag. 20:58. TL : "Siam" [Thailand]. (NHML) Distribution : Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Hainan.

Eriboea nepenthes fugator Fruhstorfer, 1914 : in Seitz, Grossschmett Erde 9:723. TL. "Tonkin" [N.Vietnam]. (NHML)

nepenthes :
Lectotype ♂, Siam. designated by R.L.Smiles,1979. (NHML)
Paralectotypes 2♂, Siam. designated by R.L.Smiles,1979. (NHML)
fugator : Lectotype ♂, Indochina. H.Fruhstorfer. designated by R.L.Smiles,1979.(NHML)

[ THAILAND ]
Eulepis nepenthes ; Godfrey,1916 : 133. (by Bingham, Faun.Br.Ind. Butts. 1:226)
Eulepis nepenthes nepenthes ; Godfrey,1930 : 301-302. (Prae: Me Song forest)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Pinratana,1979 : 100, figs.N172,♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai; Phetchabun; Phitsanulok)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Smiles,1984 : 208. (Siam)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Hanafusa,1989 : 10-11, pl.3, figs.3-5,♂,7-8,♀ ; pl.2, figs.11,♀(Un),12,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai: Chiang Dao)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Pinratana & Eliot,1996 : 100, pl.78, figs.193,♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai; Phetchabun; Phitsanulok)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 492, pl.220, figs.N206,♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Dao; Wang Chin)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 362, pl.154, figs.N191,♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Dao; Wang Chin)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai; Phetchabun) (accessed: 2023.05.04)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 135, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un). (Doi Chiang Dao; Thung Saleng Luang)

[ LAOS ]
Eriboea nepenthes ; Vitalis,1919 : 233. (Laos)
Eriboea nepenthes f. fugator ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 46. (Laos)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Smiles,1984 : 208. (Vang Vieng. by litareture, Morishita,1977:5)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 62, pl.78, figs.3,♂,4,♂(Un). (Vang Vieng)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 208, pl.79, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀. (Lak Sao; Vang Vieng)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Onodera,2009b : 39,41. (Bolikhamxai: Thabok; Khammouan: Nacay)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 47.
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Onodera,2022 : 51, pl.149, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Khammouan: Nahin)

[ VIETNAM ]
Eriboea nepenthes fugator ; Fruhstorfer,1914 : 723. (Tonkin: Chiem Hoa)
Eriboea nepenthes ; Vitalis,1919 : 233. (Tonkin)
Eriboea fugator ; Vitalis,1919 : 233. (Tonkin)
Erobpea nepenthes ; Lemée,1950 : 16. (Hagiang)
Erobpea nepenthes fugator ; Metaye,1957 : 99. (N)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Smiles,1984 : 208. (Tong; [Ko-Tich]; Cha Pa; [Riviere Noire]; [Mont Bavi]; Chiem Hoa; Van Bu)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Ikeda et al.,2000 : 37, figs.8:3,♂,4,♂(Un), fig.9:45(♂,genitalia). (Cuc Phuong)
Polyura nepenthes nepenther ; Luong et al.,2004 : 8, 71, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 42. (N / C: to Quang Binh)
Polyura nepenthes nepenthes ; Monastyrskii,2019 : 4(1):93-94, pl.15, figs.1a♂,1b♂(Un). (N: Cha Pa [Sa Pa]; Hoang Lien; Dong Phuc; Tam Dao; Cuc Phuong / C: Pu Mat; Vu Quang; Phong Nha Ke Bang)

[ THAILAND ]
Chiang Mai : 12♂ 1♀ (incl. photo & photo by M.Hayashi).

Jan

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Nan : 3♂ (photo).

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Phetchabun : 1♂ (photo).

Jan

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[ LAOS ]
Bolikhamxai : 2♂ (photo by H.Onodera).

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The butterfly is locally common in montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 350 - 900m). Males frequently come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.

Grose-Smith, H.,1883 : Descriptions of three new species of Charaxes.
Ent. mon. Mag. 20:57-58.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1914 : 6. Familie: Nymphalidae in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9
721-744. (9.Mar.1914)

Smiles, R.L.,1982 : The taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Polyura Billberg (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Bull. Brit. Mus. Ent. (Nat. Hist.) 44(3):115-237. London.

Hanafusa, H.,1989 : Notes on Polyura nepenthes Grose-Smith
Futao 2:10-13. (in Japanese)

♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi)
♂, Phetchabun, Thailand.	♂, Nan, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

2006.12.09 - 2023.05.31.