Discophora sondaica zal  Westwood, [1851]

Discophora sondaica zal ♂ Up. Discophora sondaica zal ♂ Un. Discophora sondaica zal ♀ Up. Discophora sondaica zal ♀ Un.
♂ (dsf), Chiang Mai, Thailand. ♀ (dsf), Chanthaburi, Thailand.
Discophora sondaica zal ♂ Up. Discophora sondaica zal ♂ Un. Discophora sondaica zal ♀ Up. Discophora sondaica zal ♀ Un.
♂ (dsf), Mae Hong Son, Thailand. ♀, Tak, Thailand.
Discophora sondaica zal ♂ Up. Discophora sondaica zal ♂ Un. Discophora sondaica zal ♀ Up. Discophora sondaica zal ♀ Un.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. ♀, Phrae, Thailand.

ON : Discophora zal  Westwood, [1851]
OD : in Doubleday, Gen. diurn. Lep. (2):331.
TL : India.
Distribution : Sikkim to Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Tibet.
● ssp.zal
ssp.tulliana
ssp.despoliata
Discophora sondaica zal map


Synonyms

Discophora tullia var.indica Staudinger, 1887 : in Staudinger & Schatz, Exot. Schmett. 1(15):190, pl.63. TL. India.
Discophora spiloptera Nicéville & Moller, 1888 : in Elwes & Moller, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 36(3):331-332. TL. Sikkim.
Discophora muscina Stichel, 1902 : Ins. Borse 19(16):125. TL. Vorder-India.


Records taken from Literature

[ THAILAND ]
Discophora tullia zal ; Godfrey,1916 : 124. (Prae: Me Song forest)
Discophora tullia zal ; Godfrey,1927 : 122. (N)
Discophora tullia zal ; Godfrey,1930 : 262-263. (Prae: Me Song forest; Bangkok; Chiang Mai; W: Klong Suan Mak)
Discophora tullia indica ; Davidson & Macbeth,1938 : 72. (Lampang: Me Htam forest)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Pinratana,1983 : 58, 64, pl.45, figs.25a♂,♀. (Chiang Mai; Bangkok; Chaiyaphum; Kanchanaburi; Khon Kaen; Loei; Nakhon Nayok; Nakhon Ratchasima; Petchaburi; Prachuap Khiri Khan; Phra Nakhon Sri Ayuthaya; Uthai Thani)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2000 : 254, fig.81,♂. (Mukdahan: Phu Sa Duak Bua; Phu Pha Thaep; Phu Mu; Phu Shang)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2002 : 24. (Ubon Ratchathani: Ban Ba Hai; Kaeng Tana; Mukdahan: Ban Lao Kram; Nam Tok Tad Ton; Nam Tok Kham Cha; Phu Huay Sing; Ban Na Lak)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Yamaguchi, Aoki & Akiyama,2005 : 49. (Mukdahan: Phu Huai Sing)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Katsuyama et al.,2005 : 68, fig.132,♂. (Umphang)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Katsuyama et al.,2006 : 48, fig.80,♂. (Nan: Ban Nam Poon)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 340, pl.144, figs.A28a♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 342, pl.144, figs.N175a♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai; Khao Soi Dao; Doi Phu Kha)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Okamoto et al.,2013 : 9, 19.photo.25,♂. (Kanchanaburi: Mae Klong Station)
Discophora sondaica zal ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs., Early Stages. (Phetchabun; Chaiyaphum; Sa Kaeo; Chanthaburi) (accessed: 2020.12.06)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 152-153, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Chiang Dao; Doi Suthep; Phu Kradung; Phu Khiewo; Nakohn Nayok; Wan Nam Khiewo; Kao Soi Dao; Kratching WF; Sai York Noi; Kanchanaburi; Kaeng Krachan)

[ LAOS ]
Discophora tullia f.tulliana ; Dubois & Vitalis,1924 : 33. (Muong-Xa; Kam-Keut; Ban-van-Hoe; Nam-Tiene; Pou-So-Ko; Sala-Na-Leu; Don-Khoua)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 67, col.pl.14, fig.♀ ; pl.94, figs.1.♂,2.♂(Un),3.♀,4.♀(Un). (Vang Vieng; Tha Ngone; Vientiane; Luang Prabang; Pakse)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 212, pl.102, figs.♂,♀. (Thakhek; Lak Sao)
Discophora sondaica zal f.spiloptera ; Uémura,2000 : 22-23, figs.1,♂,2,♂(Un). (Xam Neua)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Nimura & Wakahara,2005 : 45. (Thakhek; Thabeng)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Uémura,2005 : 4-5, fig.26,map. (Xam Neua; Ban Nakah; Muang Kham; Vieng Thong)
"Discophora sondaica despoliata ; Uémura,2007 : 6, fig.37,map. (by literature, Tcherniak & Tuzov,2004. Phu Phanang)"
Discophora sondaica zal ; Uémura,2011 : 4. (C: Namkata; near border to Vietnam)
Discophora sondaica zal ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 50.


Specimens Examined

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 4♂.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Chiang Mai : 8♂ 1♀ (incl. photo).
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Phrae : 2♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Nan : 2♂.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Nong Khai : 1♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Tak : 1♂ 1♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Kanchanaburi : 1♂ 1♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Phetchabun : 1♂ (photo).
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Chaiyaphum : 1♂.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec

Chanthaburi : 1♀.
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec


[ LAOS ]
Vientiane : 1♂ (photo by H.Onodera).
JanFebMarAprMayJun JulAugSepOctNovDec


Notes

The butterfly is very common in montane forest especially bamboo forest at low to moderate elevations (Alt.300m - 1200m).
According to Pinratana,1983, Okamoto et al.,2013 and Kimura et al.,2016, both ssp.zal and ssp.despoliata occur sympatrically from Kanchanaburi, W.Thailand to Prachuap Khiri Khan, northern part of P.Thailand. It seems transition zone of both subspecies.


Literature

Westwood, J.O.,1850-1852 : In Doubleday et al., The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera.
vol.2 : ii + pp.251-534, pls.31-80,54. London, Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.

Staudinger, O.,1887 : Exotische Tagfalter in sysmatischer Reihenfolge mit Berucksichtigung neuer Arten.
in Staudinger & Schatz, Exot. Schmett. 1. (15):175-194, pl.81-85(1887).

Elwes, H.J.,1888 : A catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Sikkim,
with additions, corrections, and notes on seasonal and local distribution, by Otto Moller.
Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 36(3):269-465, pls.8-11.

Stichel, H.,1902 : Nachricten aus dem Berliner Entomologischen Verein. Sitzung vom 6.Februar 1902.
Ins. Borse 19(16):125.

Uémura, Y.,2000 : Notes on Discophora sondaica zal f.spiloptera de Nicéville & Moller (Lepidoptera, Amathusiidae)
Butterflies 26:22-23. (in Japanese)


Discophora sondaica zal ♂ Discophora sondaica zal ♂
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. ♂ (dsf), Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Discophora sondaica zal ♂ Discophora sondaica zal ♂
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. ♂ with Polyura athamas, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

2007.10.10 - 2021.12.31.

A Check list of Butterflies in Indo-China, Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM. Copyright © 1996- Y.Inayoshi.