♂, Ranong, Thailand.		♀, Ranong, Thailand.
♂, Yala, Thailand.		♀, Trang, Thailand.

Specimens from transition zone of ssp. and ssp.tecmessa
♂ (dsf), Ranong, Thailand.		♂ (dsf), Phetchaburi, Thailand.

ON : Terias tecmessa Nicéville, 1896 OD : in Nicéville & Martin, J. asiat. Soc. Bengal, Part 2, 64(3):498. TL : Penang, "Malay Peninsula" [W.Malaysia] ; N.-E. Sumatra. (NZC) Distribution : P.Thailand (Ranong and Southward), W.Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo, Sumatra. ● ssp. ● ssp.sarinoides ● transition zone of ssp. and tecmessa ● ssp.tecmessa ● ssp.littorea

Syntype 1♂, N.E.Sumatra. (NZC) ; Sheela et al.,2019 : 287, figs.♂,♂(Un).

[ THAILAND ]
Eurema simulatrix tecmessa ; Pinratana,1983 : 27, pl.22, figs.49a♂,♂(Un). (Ranong; Phuket; Nakhon Sri Thammarat; Trang; Yala; Narathiwat)
Eurema simulatrix tecmessa ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 174, pl.58, figs.Pi53a♂,♂(Un),♀[♂],♀[♂](Un). (Ranong)
Eurema simulatrix tecmessa ; Jeratthitikul et al.,2009 : 12, fig.4M♂. (Nakhon Si Thammarat: Khao Luang; Narathiwat: Hala-bala)
Eurema simulatrix tecmessa ; Les Day,2011-2022 : Samui Butterflies, fig.♂(Un). (Koh Samui; Koh Phangan) (accessed: 2022.11.30)
Eurema simulatrix tecmessa ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 144, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Khlong Naka; Ka Chong; Sai Kao WF; Than To WF.)
Eurema simulatrix tecmessa ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 174, pl.58, figs.Pi53a♂,♂(Un),♀[♂],♀[♂](Un). (Ranong)
Eurema simulatrix tecmessa ; Küppers & Janikorn,2017 : 204-205, figs.Abb.Pi-105-106,197-201. (Phang Nga)

[ THAILAND ]
Ranong : 22♂ 2♀.

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Sep

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Dec

Nakhon Si Thammarat : 1♂.

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Dec

Trang : 1♀.

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Satun : 2♂.

Jan

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Pattani : 1♂.

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Yala : 6♂ 1♀.

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The butterfly is common in secondary and montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 30 - 800m). Both sexes visit flowers and males frequently come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.
The population from Ranong is mostly typical ssp.tecmessa. However, individuals that appear to be the dry-season form occasionally occur. They have paler ground color and reduced markings than the ordinary individuals and seem to approach the taxon from W. to N. Thailand. The populations from Ratchaburi to Petchaburi are also have the same characteristics. It seems to be a transition zone between both subspecies.

Nicéville, L. de & Martin, L.,1896 : A List of the Butterflies of Sumatra with special reference to the Species occurring in the north-east of the Island.
J. asiat. Soc. Bengal, Part II. 64(3):357-555.

Yata, O.,1994 : A Revision of the Old World Species of the Genus Eurema Hübner (Lepidoptera, Pieridae).
Part 4. Description of the hecabe group (part)
Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist. 13:59-105, pl.5-35.

♂ (right) with hecabe, Yala, Thailand.	♂ with hecabe, Yala, Thailand.

1996.10.31 - 2024.04.30.