♂, Nan, Thailand.		♀, Phrae, Thailand.
♀, Champasak, Laos.		♀, Phrae, Thailand.

ON : Papilio cardui Linnaeus, 1758 OD : Syst. nat. (ed.10) 1: 475. TL : 'Carduo Europa; Africa' [Sweden]. Distribution : Cosmopolitan except South America.

(--- The taxon marked with an asterisk is cited from other literature and I have not been able to confirm the original description.)

Papilio belladonna Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. nat. (ed.10) 1: 475; TL: not stated. (Unavailable name)
Papilio carduelis Cramer, 1775; Util. Kapellen 1(1/7): 40–41, pl.26, figs.C[E], D[F](Un); TL: "Cap de Bonne Espérance" [S.Africa].
Papilio belladonna Godart, 1821; Hist. nat. Lépid. France 1: 102, pl.6 secund, fig.2; TL: not stated.
Vanessa elymi Rambur, 1829; Annls Sci. Observation 2: 256–257, pl.5, figs.1, 2(Un); TL: "Montpellier" [France].
Pyrameis cardui var. v. leachiana Doubleday, 1849; Gen. Diurn. Lep. 1(25): 205; Loc: "America, from Hudson's Bay to Venezuela" (Unavailable name)
Pyrameis cardui ab. ate Strecker, 1878; Butts. Moths. North America: 137; TL: "Summit Co., Ohio" [Ohio, U.S.A]
Vanessa cardui ab. pallens Noël, 1881; Feuille jeun. Nat. 11(127): 102; TL: "Vascoeuil" [France].
Vanessa cardui var. pallida Schøyen, 1881; Tromsø. Mus. Aarsh. 4: 77–79; TL: "Praetegaarden" [Norway].
Vanessa cardui ab. inornata Bramson, 1886; Annls. Soc. ent. Fr. (6)16: 284; TL: Ekaterinoslaw, Russie meridionale.
Vanessa cardui ab. minor Failla, 1887; In: Minà-Palumbo & Failla-Tedaldi, Nat. Siciliano 7: 71; TL: Madonie, Sicily, Italy.
Vanessa cardui semisuffusa Cockerell, 1889; Entomologist 22: 54; TL: not stated.
Pyrameis cardui form minor Cockerell, 1890; Can ent. 22: 57; TL: "near Micawber Mine, Custer County, Colorado" [Colorado, U.S.A]
Vanessa cardui ab. wiskotti Standfuss, 1895; Ent. Zeit. 9(12): 91; TL: Holland.
Pyrameis cardui ab. minor Cannaviello, 1900; Misc. Ent. 8(2): 19–20; TL: Calabria, Italy.
Pyrameis cardui var. huntera Lowe, 1902; Ent. Rec. 14: 333; TL: "Certosa di Pesio" [N.W.Italy].
Pyrameis cardui ab. carduelis Schultz, 1906; Nyt Mag. naturvid. 44: 108; TL: not stated.
Pyrameis cardui ab. priameis Schultz, 1906; Nyt Mag. naturvid. 44: 108; TL: "Heinrichau" [Poland].
Pyrameis cardui ab. elymi Fruhstorfer, 1906; Ent. Zeit. 20(3): 17; TL: Pengalengan, W.Java.
Pyrameis cardui ab. carduelina Alphéraky, 1908; Horae. Soc. ent. ross. 38: 573–574; TL: "Taganrog" [S.Russia].
Pyrameis cardui japonica Stichel, 1909; In: Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 1: 200, fig.62d; TL: 'Japan; Tsintau, E.China'.
Pyrameis cardui ab. ocellata Rebel, 1910; In: Berge, Schmetterligsbuch: 20; TL: not stated.
Pyrameis cardui ab. carnea Fritsch, 1912; Ent. Rund. 29: 136; TL: "Schlesien, Posen, Sachsen" [Germany]
Pyrameis cardui ab. melanosa Cabeau, 1913; In: Lambillion, Revue mens. Soc. ent. namur. 13: 43; TL: "Virton" [Belgium].
Pyrameis cardui f. brunnea-albimaculata Reuss, 1916; Int. ent. Z. 9(25): 131; TL: "Biesental" [Germany].
Pyrameis cardui f. rosacea Reuss, 1916; Int. ent. Z. 9(25): 131; TL: not stated.
Pyrameis cardui f. ochracea Reuss, 1918; Soc. ent. 33(11): 41; TL: not stated.
Pyrameis cardui universa Verity, 1919; Ent. Rec. 31: 197; TL: Florence, Italy.
Pyrameis cardui form conjuncta Verity, 1919; Ent. Rec. 31: 197; TL: not stated.
Pyrameis cardui inops Verity, 1919; Ent. Rec. 31: 198; TL: Cape of Good Hope, S.Africa.
Pyrameis cardui infranigrans Verity, 1919; Ent. Rec. 31: 198; TL: not stated.
Pyrameis cardui infragrisea Verity, 1919; Ent. Rec. 31: 198; TL: not stated.
Pyrameis cardui infrabrunnea Verity, 1919; Ent. Rec. 31: 198; TL: not stated.
Pyrameis cardui infraochracea Verity, 1919; Ent. Rec. 31: 198; TL: not stated.
Pyrameis cardui infraflava Verity, 1919; Ent. Rec. 31: 198; TL: not stated.
Pyrameis cardui ab. emielymi Verity, 1919; Ent. Rec. 31: 198; TL: Vallombrosa, Tuscany, Italy.
Pyrameis cardui form sexiespupillata Verity, 1919; Ent. Rec. 31: 198; TL: not stated.
Pyrameis cardui form septiespupillata Verity, 1919; Ent. Rec. 31: 198; TL: not stated.
Pyrameis cardui ab. maria Stephan, 1924; Soc. ent. 39: 25; TL: "Friedrichsberg"
Pyrameis cardui ab. martha-maria Stephan, 1924; Soc. ent. 39: 25; TL: "Friedrichsberg"
∗ "Pyrameis cardui takesakiana Kato,1925; Ins. World 29(5): 145; TL: Japan." (Cited from Bozano & Floriani,2012)
Pyrameis cardui ab. subfracta Stach, 1925; Spraw. Kom. fizyogr. 58/59: 114–115, Ryc.3; TL: Czarnym Dunajcu, Poland.
Pyrameis cardui ab. schoenfellneri Hoffmann, 1925; Z. ost. Ent. Ver. 10(3): 29–30; TL: Kleinmunchen, Austria.
Cynthia cardui jacksoni Clark, 1927; Ann. Assoc. amer. Geogr. 17: 127; Loc: "New England, California, Mongolia, France, etc." (Unavailable name)
∗ "Pyrameis cardui flava Bandermann, 1928; Int. ent. Z. 22: 237; TL: Wörmlitz, [Germany]." (Cited from Bozano & Floriani,2012)
Pyrameis cardui ab. rogeri Meilhan, 1929; P.-v. Soc. linn. Bordeaux 80: 102; TL: France.
Pyrameis cardui ab. varini Meilhan, 1929; P.-v. Soc. linn. Bordeaux 80: 103; TL: France.
Pyrameis cardui form jacksoni Clark, 1932; Bull. U. S. natn Mus. 157: 89, pl.8, figs.2,♀, 3,♀(Un); TL: "District of Columbia" [Columbia, U.S.A]
Pyrameis cardui ab. johni Fischer, 1932; Int . ent. Z. 26: 158. fig.2; TL: "Altenburg" [Germany].
∗ "Pyrameis cardui pallida Frohawk, 1938; Var. Brit. Butts : 84; TL: not stated." (Cited from Bozano & Floriani,2012)
∗ "Vanessa cardui japonica koreana Bryk,1946; Ark. Zool. 38A(3): 39; TL: Shuotsu, Korea." (Cited from Bozano & Floriani,2012)
∗ "Vanessa cardui albicans Verity,1950; Farfalle. Diurne. Ital. 4: 331; TL: not stated." (Cited from Bozano & Floriani,2012)
∗ "Vanessa cardui infralutea Verity,1950; Farfalle. Diurne. Ital. 4: 334; Loc: not stated. (Unavailable name)" (Cited from Bozano & Floriani,2012)
Vanessa cardui f. albipuncta Lempke, 1956; Tijdschr. Ent. 99(3): 188; TL: "Krimpen aan de Lek" [Netherlands]. (Rotterdam Mus.)
Vanessa cardui f. nigripuncta Lempke, 1956; Tijdschr. Ent. 99(3): 188; TL: "Breda" [Netherlands].
Vanessa cardui ab. takesakiana Murayama & Shimonoya, 1966; Tyô to Ga 16(3/4): 63, fig.24,♀, 27,♀(Un); TL: "Poli, Taiwan" [Puli, Nantou, Taiwan].
Vanessa pulchra Chou, Yuan, Yin, Zhang & Chen, 2002; Entomotaxonomia 24(1): 54,58,65. figs.15a(HT,♂), 15b(HT,♂Un); TL: Ganzi, Sichuan. (Entomological Museum, North west Sci-Tech University)
* "Cynthia cardui alba Mérit, S. & Mérit, V.,2008; Lépidoptères, Rev. Ass. lèp. Fr. 17: 5; TL: Allos Pass, Mercantour, France." (Cited from Bozano & Floriani,2012)
Vanessa cardui stictus Wu et Ma, 2016; Records of Butterflies in Anhui Province: 136–137, fig.520, 521; Loc: Ma On Shan, Anhui, China. (Unavailable name)

pulchra : Holotype ♂, Ganzi, Sichuan.

[ THAILAND ]
Pyrameis cardui: Davidson & Macbeth,1938 : 73. (N: Koon Tarn)
Vanessa cardui cardui: Pinratana,1979 : 26, figs.N37,♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Vanessa cardui cardui: Pinratana & Eliot,1996 : 29, pl.12, figs.26,♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Vanessa cardui: Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 366, pl.157, figs.N29,♂,♀,♀. (Yala)
Vanessa cardui: Les Day,2011–2022 : Samui Butterflies, fig.♂. (Koh Samui; Koh Phangan) (accessed: 2021.09.18)
Vanessa cardui cardui: Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 496, pl.221 figs.N377,♂,♀,♀(Un). (Yala)
Vanessa cardui: Sophonviwatkul et al.,2015– : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai; Phetchabun) (accessed: 2023.04.27)
Vanessa cardui: Kimura et al.,2016 : 56, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Ankhaan; Doi Inthanon)

[ LAOS ]
Vanessa cardui cardui: Motono & Negishi,1989 : 54, pl.46, figs.3,♂,4,♂(Un). (Luang Prabang)
Vanessa cardui cardui: Osada et al.,1999 : 205, pl.50, fig.♀. (Muang Khoua)
Vanessa cardui cardui: Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 44.

[ VIETNAM ]
Pyrameis cardui: Lemée,1950 : 12. (Langson)
Pyrameis cardui cardui: Metaye,1957 : 94. (N; C; S)
Vanessa cardui cardui: Luong et al.,2004 : 6, 58, figs.♀,♀(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Vanessa cardui cardui: Miyazaki et al.,2010 : 24, fig.N-126,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri)
Vanessa cardui cardui: Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 32. (N; C: to Lam Dong)
Vanessa cardui cardui: Monastyrskii,2019 : 4(1):106, pl.26, fig.1,♂. (N: Hoang Lien; Van Ban; Ba Be; Na Hang; Tam Dao; Ba Vi; Cuc Phuong; C: Ben En; Ba To; Ngoc Linh; Da Lat; Bi Doup; Nui Chua)
Vanessa cardui cardui: Saito & Vu,2020a : 177. (Ha Giang: Dong Van)

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 2♀ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chiang Rai : 1♀ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chiang Mai : 2♂ 3♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Phrae : 2♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nan : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Surat Thani (Koh Phangan dist.) : 1♀ (photo by A.Giudici).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Yala : 1♀ (photo by S.Atdhabhan).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ LAOS ]
Champasak : 3♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

The butterfly is locally common at low to high elevations (200–2,200 m a.s.l.), especially is often found at open peak. Both sexes visit flowers.

Linnaeus, C, 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum clases, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, symonymis, locis. Editio Decima, reformata.
Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae, 1: iv + 823 + [1] pp.

Cramer, P, 1775. De uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in de drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Africa en America. Papillons exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amerique.
S.J. Baalde; Barthelemy Wild and J. Van Schoonhoven & Comp., Amsteldam, 1(1/7): i–xxx + 1–16 + 1–132, pls. 1–84. (1775)

Godart, J.B, 1821. Histoire naturelle des Lépidoptères ou Papillons de France.
Crevot, Paris, 1: 12 + 303 pp., 40 pls; 2: 246 pp., 18 pls.

Rambur, J.P, 1829. Notice sur plusieurs espèces de Lépidoptères nouveaux du Midi de le France.
Annales des Sciences d'Observation, 2: 255–268, pl. 6.

Doubleday, E, 1849. The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera: comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habits and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus.
Longman, Brown, Green and Longman's, London, 1(25): 205–212 ([15].Feb.1849)

Strecker, H, 1878. Butterflies and moths of North America, with full instructions for collecting, breeding, preparing, classifying, packing for shipment, etc.
A complete synonymical catalogue of macrolepidoptera, with a full bibliography, to which is added a glossary of terms and an alphabetical and descriptive list of localities.
B.F. Owen, Reading, Pennsylvania, [4]+i–ii, 1–283 pp., 2 pls.

Noël, P, 1881. Une nouvelle aberration de la Vanessa cardui.
Feuille des Jeunes Naturalistes, 11(127): 102.

Schøyen, W.M, 1881. Nye Bidrag til Kundskaben om det arktiske Norges Lepidopterfauna.
Tromsø Museums Aarshefter, 4: 71–100.

Failla-Tedaldi, L, 1887. In: Minà-Palumbo F. & L. Failla-Tedaldi, Materiali per la fauna lepidotterologica della Sicilia.
Naturalista Siciliano, 7: 10–202.

Cockerell, T.D.A, 1889. On the variation of Insects.
Entomologist, 22: 54–56.

Cockerell, T.D.A, 1890. Notes on the Insect Fauna of High Altitudes in Custer County, Colorado.
Canadian Entomologist, 22(2): 37–39.

Standfuss, M, 1895. Weitere Mittheilungen über den Einfluss extremer Temperaturen auf Schmetterlingspuppen.
Entomologische Zeitschrift, 9(12): 89–91.

Bramson, C.L, 1886. Una nouvelle aberration de Vanessa cardui L. (aber. inornata).
Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, (6)16: 284.

Cannaviello, H, 1900. Courte note sur les Lépidoptères du sous-genre Pyrameis Hübn.
Miscellanea Entomologica, 8(2): 17–20.

Lowe, F.E, 1902. Collecting Lepidoptera in 1902.
Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation, 14(12): 330–334.

Schultz, O, 1906. Ueber einige Abarten und Varietäten palaearctischer Rhopaloceren.
Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne, 44: 105–111.

Fruhstorfer, H, 1906. Rhopaloceren-Aberrationen.
Entomologische Zeitschrift, 20(3): 17–18.

Stichel, H, 1909. 6. Familie: Nymphalidae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde.
Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, 1: 196–204.

Alphéraky, S.N, 1908. Lepidoptères des environs de Taganrog (Supplément III).
Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, 38: 558–618.

Rebel, H, 1910. Fr. Berge's Schmetterlingsbuch nach dem gegenwärtigen Stande der Lepidopterologie (Neunte Auflage). Stuttgart: E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung (Nägele & Dr. Sproesser), Stuttgart, vi + 114 + 509 pp., 53 pls.

Fritsch, W, 1912. Neue Spielarten.
Entomologische Rundschau, 29(21): 135–137.

Lambillion, L.J, 1913. Une aberration de Rhopalocère nouvelle pour la science.
Revue mensuelle de la Société entomologique namuroise, 13: 43.

Reuss, T, 1916. Einige Naturiormen von Pyrameis cardui L.
Internationale Entomologische Zeitschrift, 9(25): 130–131.

Reuss, T, 1918. Ueber die Eiablage von Pyrameis cardui L. an Echium vulgare und anchusa officinalis (Borraginaceae).
Societas entomologica, 33(11): 41–42.

Verity, R, 1919. Seasonal Polymorphism and Races of some European Grypocera and Rhopalocera.
Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation, 31: 193–201.

Stephan, J, 1924. Pyrameis cardui L. ab. (nov.) maria Jul. Steph.
Societas entomologica, 39(7): 25.

Hoffmann, E, 1925. Pyrameis cardui L. nova ab. schoenfellneri.
Zeitschrift des österreichischen Entomologen-Vereines, 10(3): 29–30.

Stach, S, 1925. Neue Aberrationen von Pieris rapae L., P. napi L. und Pyrameis cardui L.
Sprawozdania Komisji Fizyograficznej, 58/59: 107–177, 3 figs.

Clark, A.H, 1927. Geography and zoology.
Annals of the Association of american Geographers, 17: 101–145.

Meilhan, J, 1928. Une aberration de Pyrameis cardui L. (Lép.).
Procès-verbaux de la Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux, 80: 100–103.

Clark, A.H, 1932. The butterflies of the District of Columbia and vicinity.
Bulletin of the United States national Museum, 157: i–ix, 1–337 pp., pls. 1–64.

Fischer, E, 1932. Zwei Vanessiden-Aberrationen und zwei Parnassier-Hybriden.
Internationale Entomologische Zeitschrift, 26: 157–160.

Lempke, B.J, 1956. Catalogus der Nederlandse Macrolepidoptera (Vierde Supplement).
Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 99(3): 155–216, pls. 3,4.

Murayama, S. & Shimonoya, T, 1966. Some Formosan butterflies of new species, new race, new aberrant forms or little known species and forms.
Tyô to Ga, 16(3/4): 58–67, 41 figs.

Chou, I, Yuan, X-Q, Yin, H-S, Zhang, C-S. & Chen, X-C, 2002. New Species, New Subspecies, and New Records of Butterflies from China (VI).
Entomotaxonomia, 24(1): 52–68, 23 figs.

Bozano, G.C. & Floriani, A, 2012. In: Bozano, G.C. (Ed.), Guide to the Butterflies of the Palearctic Region. Nymphalidae part 5, Subfamily Nymphalinae.
Omnes Artes, Milano, 90 pp.

Wu, S-J. & Ma, X, 2016 : Records of Butterflies in Anhui Province.
Time Publishing & Media Co. / Huangshan Publishing House, Hefei, 356 pp.

♀, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
♀, Surat Thani (Koh Phangan dist.), Thailand. (photo by A.Giudici)
♀, Yala, Thailand. (photo by S.Atdhabhan)

2008.02.29 - 2026.03.31.