♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.		♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.		♀, Phrae, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♀, Phrae, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♂ genitalia, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

ON : Aphnaeus vulcans var.maximus Elwes, 1893 OD : Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1892(4):637-638, pl.43, fig.5,♀. TL : "Karen Hills" [Karen Hills, Kayah State, Myanmar]. Distribution : Myanmar (Shan States to Dawna), Thailand, Laos, Yunnan.

[ THAILAND ]
Spindasis maximus ; Godfrey,1927 : 126. (N)
Spindasis maximus ; Godfrey,1930 : 341. (Chiang Mai)
Spindasis maximus ; Pinratana,1981 : 111, pl.20, figs.2,♀,3,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai; Chiyaphum; Nakhon Nayok; Tak)
Spindasis maximus ; Katsuyama et al.,2005 : 66, fig.88,♂. (Umphang)
Spindasis maximus ; Katsuyama et al.,2006 : 47, fig.68,♂. (Nan: Mae Charim; Ban Nam Poon)
Spindasis maximus ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 594, pl.268, figs.L171,♂,♂,♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Cigaritis maximus ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 622, pl.281, figs.L196,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Spindasis maximus ; Kimura et al.,2014 : 146, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Tha Ton; Phu Khiewo; Nakohn Nayok; Pha Who)
Spindasis maximus ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai) (accessed: 2023.05.31)

[ LAOS ]
Spindasis maximus ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 75, pl.106, fig.B3,♀(Un). (Luang Prabang)
Spindasis maximus ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 218, pl.122, figs.♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Xam Neua; Thabok)
Spindasis maximus ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 53.
Spindasis maximus ; Onodera,2022 : 90, pl.223, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Bolikhamxai: Thabok; Oudomxai)

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 7♂ 1♀.

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Chiang Mai : 12♂ 13♀ (incl. photo).

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Phrae : 2♀.

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Nan : 1♂.

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Tak : 3♂ (incl. photo by A.Giudici).

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Chaiyaphum : 1♀ (photo).

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Phetchaburi : 1♂ (photo by T.Aoyama).

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The butterfly is locally common in dry forests at low to high elevations (Alt. 350 - 1700m) and seems to have a single generation per year. Both sexes visit flowers and males occasionally come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water. Males are territorial on shrubs or undergrowth inside or at forest edges between 13:30 and 16:00. The size of the orange patch on the UpF is quite variable.

Elwes, H.J.,1893 : On butterflies collected by Mr. W.Doherty in the Naga and Karen Hills and Perak, Part.2.
Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1892(4):617-664, pls.43,44.

Zhang, J., Cong, Q., Shen, J., Song. L. & Grishin, N.V.,2023 : Butterfly classification and species discovery using genomics
The taxonomic report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 11(3):1-93.

♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂ (territorial behavior), Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂ (territorial behavior), Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂ (territorial behavior), Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂, Phetchaburi, Thailand. (photo by T.Aoyama)
♂ vs ♂ (territorial fights), Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂ vs ♂ (territorial fights), Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂ vs ♂ (territorial fights), Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂ (territorial behavior), Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂ (territorial behavior), Chiang Mai, Thailand.

1999.07.18 - 2024.08.31.