♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♀, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi)
♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.		♂, Lam Dong, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito)

ON : Niphanda asialis ssp. OD : TL : Distribution : India to Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Yunnan.

[ THAILAND ]
Niphanda cymbia marcia ; Godfrey,1916 : 137. (Prae: Mae Song forest)
Niphanda fusca marcia ; Fruhstorfer,1915-1924 : 901. (Siam)
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Pinratana,1981 : 69, pl.11, figs.7,♂,8,♀,9,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Katsuyama et al.,2005 : 66, fig.83,♂. (Umphang: Tha Sai; Umphang)
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 588, pl.266, figs.L157,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai; Umphang)
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 612, pl.277, figs.L180,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai; Umphang)
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Kimura et al.,2014 : 154, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Dao; Maethro; Phu Khiewo; Kao Soi Dao)
Niphanda asialis ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai) (accessed: 2023.05.07)

[ LAOS ]
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 73, pl.104, figs.A7,♂,A8,♂(Un). (Vang Vieng)
Niphanda asialis marcia ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 216, pl.112, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀. (Oudomxay)
Niphanda asialis ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 52.
Niphanda asialis ; Onodera,2022 : 83, pl.213, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un). (Oudomxai; Vientiane: Vang Vieng)

[ VIETNAM ]
Niphanda asialis ; Miyazaki et al.,2010 : 28, figs.L-164,♂,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri)
Niphanda asialis ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 54. (by literature)

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 2♂.

Jan

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Mar

Apr

May

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Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Ching Mai : 12♂ 2♀ (incl. photo).

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Feb

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May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

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Dec

Lampang : 5♂ (incl. photo).

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Jul

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Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Phrae : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

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Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nan : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

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Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Phetchabun : 1♀ (photo).

Jan

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Mar

Apr

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Nakhon Nayok : 1♀.

Jan

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Mar

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Dec

[ LAOS ]
Vientiane : 2♂.

Jan

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Oct

Nov

Dec

[ VIETNAM ]
Lam Dong : 1♂ 1♀.

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Dec

The butterfly is locally common in montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 450 - 1200m). Males are territorial on trees at hilltops. Males frequently come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.
The continental taxon is often treated as marcia, but Eliot (1981) mentioned that it should be treated as a nomen dubium. It seems to be a different taxon from the populations of W. Malaysia and Sumatra. Thus the name for the continental subspecies is temporarily lost. Further taxonomic study is needed.

Nicéville, L. de,1895 : On new and little-known Lepidoptera from the Indo-Malayan Region, (1).
J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 10(1):13-40, pls.R,S,T.

Fawcett, J.M.,1904 : On some New and Little-known Butterflies, mainly from high elevations in the N.E. Himalayas.
Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1904(2)(1):134-141, pl.9.

Eliot, J.N.,1981 : On some butterfies from Malaysia and Peninsular Thailand.
Malay. nat. J. 38(2):99-111.

♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂ (territorial behavior), Chiang Mai, Thailand.

1999.07.11 - 2023.06.30.