♂, Mae Hong Son, Thailand.		♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Phetchaburi, Thailand.		♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

ON : Hesperia plinius Fabricius, 1793 OD : Ent. syst. 3(1):284. TL : 'Indiis' Distribution : Sri Lanka, Nepal to Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Hainan, China, Taiwan, Java to E.Australia, Philippines, Bismarks, Solomons, New Hebrides, Mariana, Palau.

Polyommatus lybas Godart, [1824] : in Ency, meth. 9(Ins.)(2):655-656. TL. Timor.
Lycaena hyrcanus C.Felder, 1860 : Sber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 40(11):455. TL. Amboina.
Lampides cissioides Murray, 1873 : Ent. mon. Mag. 10:108. TL. Brisbane, [E.Australia]. (homonym)
Lampides pseudocassius Murray, 1873 : Ent. mon. Mag. 10:126. (replacement name for Lampides cissioides Murray, 1873)
Tarucus leopardus Schultze, 1910 : Philippine J. Sci. 5:161-162, pl.1, fig.9. TL. Province of Camarines, Luzon.
Syntarucus manusi Rothschile, 1915 : Novit. zool. 22:390-391. TL. Manus, Admiralty Islands.
Tarucus plinius plutarchus Fruhstorfer, 1922 : in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 9:893, pl.153b. TL. not stated.
Tarucus plinius celis Fruhstorfer, 1922 : in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 9:893. TL. "Ost-Celebes" [E.Sulawesi].
Tarucus plinius zingis Fruhstorfer, 1922 : in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 9:893. TL. "Insel Buton" [Buton Island, SE.Sulawesi].
Tarucus plinius juvenal Fruhstorfer, 1922 : in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 9:893. TL. "Batjan" [Bacan Islands, Moluccas].

[ THAILAND ]
Tarucus plinius ; Godfrey,1916 : 137. (Prae: Mae Song Forest)
Syntarucus plinius ; Godfrey,1927 : 125. (N)
Syntarucus plinius ; Godfrey,1930 : 319-320. (Prae: Me Song forest; Chiang Rai; Bangkok)
Syntarucus plinius ; Shirôzu & Saigusa,1962 : 66-67, pl.10, figs.75,♂,76,♂(Un). Textfig.30,♂genitalia. (Chieng Mai; Mae Hoi)
Syntarucus plinius ; Pinratana,1981 : 55, pl.8, figs.15,♂,16,♀,17,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai; Chaiyaphum; Bangkok; Chonburi; Kanchanaburi; Nakhon Ratchasima)
Syntarucus plinius ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2000 : 257, fig.179,♀. (Mukdahan: Phu Pha Thaep)
Syntarucus plinius ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2002 : 34. (Mukdahan: Phu Huay Sing; Ban Na Lak; Ban Gok Tum)
Syntarucus plinius ; Katsuyama et al.,2005 : 66, fig.75,♂. (Umphang: Tha Sai; Umphang)
Syntarucus plinius ; Katsuyama et al.,2006 : 47, fig.59,♂. (Nan: Mae Charim)
Leptotes plinius ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 572, pl.259, figs.L111,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Kanchanaburi; Bangkok; Wiang Pa Pao)
Leptotes plinius ; Les Day,2011-2022 : Samui Butterflies, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Koh Samui) (accessed: 2021.02.26)
Leptotes plinius ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 592, pl.268, figs.L136,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Kanchanaburi; Bangkok; Wiang Pa Pao)
Leptotes plinius ; Kimura et al.,2014 : 178, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Pha Hom Pok; Chiang Dao; Doi Suthep; Doi Inthanon; Maethro; Phu Kradung; Phu Khiewo; Wan Nam Khiewo; Bang Phra; Bangkok; Doi Musso; Kaeng Chai; Kuwai Yai; Kanchanaburi)
Leptotes plinius ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai; Ratchaburi; Bangkok; Chachoengsao) (accessed: 2024.06.07)
Leptotes plinius ; Okamoto et al.,2013 : 6. (Kanchanaburi: Mae Klong Station)

[ LAOS ]
Syntarucus plinius ssp. ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 71, pl.102, figs.A1.♂,A2.♂(Un). (Tha Ngone; Vientiane; Vang Vieng; Phatong)
Syntarucus plinius ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 215, pl.110, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀. (Vang Vieng; Xiang Khouang)
Syntarucus plinius ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 52.
Leptotes plinius ; Onodera,2022 : 79, pl.209, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Xiengkhouang: Nam Phang; Khammouan: Nahin)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Syntarucus plinius ; Shirôzu & Saigusa,1962 : 66-67, pl.10, figs.77.♀,78.♀(Un). (Puok)
Leptotes plinius ; Onodera,2008 : 61,60,fig. (Mondolkiri: Bousra)
Leptotes plinius ; Onodera,2009 : 36. (Mondolkiri: Bousra)
Leptotes plinius plinius ; Monastyrskii et al.,2011 : 130. (Phnom Samkos W.S.)
Leptotes plinius plinius ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 121. (Kratie; Mondulkiri; Pursat; Siem Reap)

[ VIETNAM ]
Tarucus plinius ; Lemée,1950 : 19. (Backan)
Tarucus plinius ; Metaye,1957 : 90. (no loc.)
Syntarucus plinius ; Vu,2003 : 58. (Phu Quoc)
Syntarucus plinius ; Luong et al.,2004 : 10. (Cuc Phuong)
Syntarucus plinius plinius ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2006d : 56, figs.L-42,♂,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri; Gung Re; Madagui; Bin Thuan: Dong Tien)
Syntarucus plinius plinius ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 52. (N / C / S)
Leptotes plinius plinius ; Saito et al.,2017 : 79. (S: Nui Ket)

[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 3♂ 2♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chiang Rai : 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chiang Mai : 14♂ 4♀ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nan : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Kanchanaburi : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Phetchaburi : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ LAOS ]
Champasak : 4♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

The butterfly is locally very common in montane and secondary forests at low to high elevations (Alt. 50 - 2500m). Both sexes visit flowers and males frequently come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.

Fabricius, J.C.,1793 : Entomologia systematica emedata et aucta. secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus.
3(1): [iv] + 488 pp. Copenhagen. C.G.Proft.

Godart, J.B.,[1824] : Encyclopedie Methodique. Histoire naturelle Entomologie, ou histoire naturelle des crustaces, des arachnides et des insectes
Encyclopedie Methodique 9(2):329-828.

Felder, C.,1860 : Lepidopterorum Amboinensium a Dre L. Doleschall annis 1856-1868 collectorum species novae, diagnostibus collustratae.(1)
Sber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 40(11):(447)448-462.

Murray, R.P.,1873 : Description of a new Japanese species of Lycaena, and change of name of L. cassioides, Murray.
Ent. mon. Mag. 10:126.

Schultze, W.,1910 : Contributions to the Lepidopterous fauna of the Philippines
Philippine J. Sci. (D)5:161-180, pl.1.

Rothschild, L.W.,1915 : On the Lepidoptera in the Tring Museum
sent by Mr. A. S. Meek from the Admirality Island, Dampier, and vulcan Islands.
Novit. zool. 22(3):387-402.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1922 : Gattung: Castalius HBN. [cont.] - 17. Gattung: Lycaenesthes MR. in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9
889-896 (16.May.1922).

Seki, Y., Takanami, Y. & Otsuka, K.,1991 : Butterflies of Borneo. Vol.2, No.1. Lycaenidae.
Tobishima Corporation.

♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.	♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂+♀ (mating), Chiang Mai, Thailand.

1999.07.04 - 2024.06.30.