♂, Nan, Thailand.		♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Chanthaburi, Thailand.		♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
♂, Sekong, Laos.

ON : Pterygospidea pralaya Moore, 1866 OD : Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1865(3):779. TL : "Bengal" [Bengal, India]. (NHML) Distribution : Kumaon, Nepal to Myanmar, Yunnan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam. ● ssp.pralaya ● transition zone of trichoneura and pralaya ● ssp.trichoneura

Tagiades pralaya pellita Fruhstorfer, 1919 : Ent. Zeit. 23(39):173.  TL. "Montes Man-Son, Tonkin" [Mau Son Mt., Lang Son, N.Vietnam]. (NHML)

[ THAILAND ]
Tagiades pralaya ; Godfrey,1916 : 143. (Prae: Me Song forest; Chonburi: Hup Bon)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Godfrey,1930 : 363. (Prae: Me Song forest; Chonburi: Sriracha)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Evans,1949 : 154. (Siam)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Pinratana,1985 : 40, pl.14, figs.67a♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai; Chaiyaphum; Chanthaburi; Nakhon Nayok)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 762, pl.350, figs.H82a♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 44, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Par Hom Pok; Doi Suthep; Phu Khiewo; Kao Yai; Nakohn Nayok; Wan Nam Khiewo; Kao Soi Dao; Kratchin WF.)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 814, pl.375, figs.H80a♂,♂(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs., Early Stages. (Chiang Mai; Phetchabun; Sa Kaeo; Nakhon Nayok; Chanthaburi) (accessed: 2023.06.08)

[ LAOS ]
Mooreana trichoneura trichoneura ; Masui & Uehara,1996 : 5, pl.2, figs.19,♂,♂(Un). (Louang Namtha)
Mooreana trichoneura trichoneura ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 222, pl.137, fig.♂. (Oudomxay)
Mooreana trichoneura trichoneura ; Nimura & Wakahara,2005 : 49. (Namdhua)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 58.
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Onodera,2022 : 109, pl.246, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Oudomxai; Xiengkhouang: Phon Kham)

[ VIETNAM ]
Tagiades trichoneura pellita ; Seitz,1927 : 1043. (Tonkin)
Tagiades trichoneura ; Lemée,1950 : 23. (Hagiang)
Mooreana trichoneura pellita ; Metaye,1957 : 77. (N)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Devyatkin & Monastyrskii,1999 : 162. (Tam Dao; Ba Vi; Ba Be; Cuc Phuong; Bac Ma; Vu Quang)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Ikeda et al.,2001b : 63, figs.2:18,♀,19,♀(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Devyatkin & Monastyrskii,2003 : 123. (S: Cat Tien)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Luong et al.,2004 : 13, 86, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Mooreana trichoneura ; Monastyrskii et al.,2006 : 45. (Thua Thien Hue: Nam Dong; Huong Thuy; Phong Dien; Bach Ma)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2007b : 7, figs.H-43,♂,♀. (Lam Dong: Dambri; Dai Duc Me)
Mooreana trichoneura pralaya ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 74. (N / C / S)

[ THAILAND ]
Chiang Mai (excl.Omkoi dist.) : 9♂ 1♀ (incl. photo & photo by T.Laola).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Lampang : 1♂ (photo by T.Aoyama).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Phrae : 2♂ (incl. photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nan : 8♂ 1♀.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Phetchabun : 1♂ (photo).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Nakhon Nayok : 4♂ (photo by T.Aoyama).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Pang Sida : 1♀ (photo by T.Aoyama).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Chanthaburi : 3♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[ LAOS ]
Oudomxai : 1♂ (photo by H.Onodera).

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Bolikhamxai : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Sekong : 1♂.

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

The butterfly is locally common in montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 50 - 1300m) and frequently rest on the underside of leaves with their wings spread. Both sexes visit flowers and males come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.
A specimen from Tak, W. Thailand appears to be intermediate between the nominotypical subspecies and ssp.pralaya. It is possible that the area from Kanchanaburi to Omkoi, Chiang Mai is a transitional zone between the two taxa.

Moore, F.,1866 : On the lepidopterous insects of Bengal.
Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1865(3):755-822, 3 pls.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1909 : Neue Hesperiden.
Ent. Zeit. 23(39):171-174. (25.Dec.1909)

Evans, W.H.,1949 : A catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia and Australia in the British Museum (Natural History).
i-xix+1-502, pls.1-35. London.

♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

1999.09.04 - 2023.06.30.