♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♂, Chanthaburi, Thailand.
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand.		♂, Lam Dong, Vietnam. (photo by K.Saito)

ON : Ismene belesis Mabille, 1876 OD : Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. (5)6:x, 260. TL : 'Indes orientales' (NHML) Distribution : Nepal, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Hainan, China. ● ssp.belesis ● transition zone of belesis and oedipodea ● ssp.oedipodea

Ismene harisa aegina Plötz, 1884 : Stett. ent. Ztg. 45:54. TL. Calcutta.
Ismene tuckeri athena Fruhstorfer, 1911 : Deut. ent. Zeit. [Iris] 25:61. TL. Muok Lek, Siam. (NHML)

belesis ; Type ♂, 'Ind. or.' (NHML)
athena ; ♂, Type (red), H2378, Muok-Lek, Siam. Januar. H.Fruhstorfer (NHML, examined)

[ THAILAND ]
Ismene oedipodea athena ; Godfrey,1927 : 127. (N)
Ismene oedipodea athena ; Godfrey,1930 : 355. (Muak Lek; Pak Jong)
Bibasis oedipodea belesis ; Evans,1949 : 45-46. (Siam)
Bibasis oedipodea belesis ; Pinratana,1985 : 13, pl.1, figs.1a♂,♀,♂(Un). (Chanthaburi; Ratchaburi)
Burara oedipodea belesis ; Yamaguchi & Aoki,2002 : 9, fig.2,♂. (Ubon Ratchathani: Kaeng Tana; Mukdahan: Ban Na Lak)
Burara oedipodea belesis ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 720, pl.329, figs.H1a♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Chanthaburi; Ratchaburi; Phu Khieo)
Burara oedipodea oedipodea ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 720, pl.329, figs.H1b♂,♂(Un). (Kanchanaburi)
Burara oedipodea belesis ; Chiba,2009 : 6-7, pl.1, fig.2,♂. (Chiang Mai)
Burara oedipodea oedipodea ; Les Day,2011-2022 : Samui Butterflies, fig.[♂](Un). (Koh Samui) (accessed: 2022.12.08)
Burara oedipodea belesis ; Kimura et al.,2011 : 20, figs.♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Phu Khiewo; Kao Soi Dao; Sai York Noi)
Burara oedipodea belesis ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 768, pl.353, figs.H1a♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Chanthaburi; Ratchaburi; Phu Khieo)
Burara oedipodea oedipodea ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 768, pl.353, figs.H1b♂,♂(Un). (Kanchanaburi)
Burara oedipodea belesis ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chanthaburi; Sa Kaeo) (accessed: 2022.12.08)

[ LAOS ]
Bibasis oedipodea belesis ; Motono & Negishi,1989 : 78. not fig. (Luang Prabang)
Burara oedipodea belesis ; Masui & Uehara,1994 : 7, fig.43,♂,♂(Un). (Louang Phabang)
Burara oedipodea belesis ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 221, pl.130, figs.♂,♀. (Luang Phrabang; Lak Sao)
Burara oedipodea belesis ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 56.
Burara oedipodea belesis ; Onodera,2022 : 101, pl.235, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Vientiane: Vang Vieng)

[ CAMBODIA ]
Burara oedipodea belesis ; Chartier & Kosterin,2022 : 124. (Siem Reap; Stueng Treng)

[ VIETNAM ]
Bibasis oedipodea belesis ; Evans,1949 : 45-46. (Tonkin)
Bibasis oedipodea belesis ; Devyatkin & Monastyrskii,1999 : 154. (N: Ba Be ; Cuc Phuong)
Bibasis oedipodea belesis ; Devyatkin,2000 : 200. (S: Ma Da)
Bibasis oedipodea belesis ; Ikeda et al.,2001b : 58, figs.1:1,♂,2,♂(Un),5:1(♂genitalia). (Cuc Phuong)
Bibasis oedipodea belesis ; Luong et al.,2004 : 12, 83, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Cuc Phuong)
Burara oedipodea belesis ; Miyazaki, Saito & Saito,2007c : 41, fig.H-133,♂. (Lam Dong: Dai Duc Me)
Bibasis oedipodea belesis ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 70. (N / C / S)

[ THAILAND ]
Chiang Mai : 2♂.

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Nakhon Nayok : 2♂ (photo by M.Hayashi & T.Aoyama).

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Sa Kaeo : 2♂ 1♀ (incl. photo).

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Chanthaburi : 9♂.

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Phetchaburi : 3♂ (photo by M.Hayashi & C.Sunthornwiphat).

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[ LAOS ]
Vientiane : 1♂ (photo by H.Onodera).

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[ VIETNAM ]
Lam Dong : 1♂.

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The butterfly is not rare in montane forests at low to moderate elevations (Alt. 100 - 550m) and is crepuscular. Males frequently come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.
Both ssp.oedipodea and ssp.belesis occur together in Phetchaburi. The area between the northern part of the peninsular Thailand and Kanchanaburi seems to be a transitional zone. A photo record from Koh Samui taken by L.Day seems to be ssp.belesis, but confirmation by specimen is needed.

Mabille, P.,1876 : Diagnoses de nouvelles especes d'Hesperides. 6-13.
Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. (5):6:ix-xi.

Mabille, P.,1876 : Sur la classification des Hesperiens, avec la description de plusiers especes nouvelles.
Annls Soc. ent. Fr. (5):6:251-274.

Plötz, C.,1884 : Die Hesperiinen-Gattung Ismene Sw. und ihre Arten.
Stett. ent. Ztg. 45(1-3):51-66.

Fruhstorfer, H.,1911 : Neue Hesperiden des Indo-Malayischen Faunengebietes und Besprechung verwandter Formen.
Deut. ent. Zeit. [Iris] 25(2-6):9-79, pl.1.

♂, Sa Kaeo, Thailand.
♂, Sa Kaeo, Thailand.	♀, Sa Kaeo, Thailand.
♂, Phetchaburi, Thailand. (photo by M.Hayashi)	ssp.belesis & ssp.oedipodea, Phetchaburi, Thailand. (photo by C.Sunthornwiphat)

1999.07.31 - 2023.02.28.