Sephisa chandra chandra
(Moore, [1858])
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♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
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♂, Nan, Thailand. |
♀, Nan, Thailand. |
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♂, Tak, Thailand. |
♀, Chiang Mai, Thailand. (photo by K.Saito) |
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♂, Vinh Phuc, Vietnam. |
♂, Lak Sao, Laos. (photo by K.Saito) |
ON :
Castalia chandra Moore, [1858]
OD : in: Horsfield & Moore, Cat. lep. Ins. East-India Co. 1:200-201, pl.6a, fig.4,♂.
TL : Darjeeling, [N.India].
Distribution : Nepal to Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, SE.Tibet, S.China.
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Synonyms
Sephisa chandra ♀d. chandrana Evans, 1912 : J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 21(2):558, 574. TL. not stated.
Sephisa chandra ♀v. albina Evans, 1912 : J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 21(2):558, 574. TL. not stated.
Sephisa chandra f. atiya Fruhstorfer, 1913 : in Seitz, Grossschmett Erde 9:701. TL. Sikkim, [N.India].
Sephisa chandra f. djalia Fruhstorfer, 1913 : in Seitz, Grossschmett Erde 9:701. TL. Sikkim, [N.India].
Sephisa chandra f. veria Fruhstorfer, 1913 : in Seitz, Grossschmett Erde 9:701. TL. Sikkim, [N.India].
Sephisa chandra zhejiangana Tong, 1994 : in Chou, Monographia Rhopalocerum Sinensium 2:761, pl.441, fig.39. TL. Taishun, Zhejiang.
Records taken from Literature
[ THAILAND ]
Sephisa chandra androdamas ; Fruhstorfer,1913 : 701. (N.Siam)
Sephisa chandra androdamas ; Godfrey,1916 : 132. (N: Mekong Valley)
Sephisa chandra chandra ; Godfrey,1930 : 298. (N)
Sephisa chandra chandra ; Pinratana,1979 : 90, figs.N156,♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Mai)
Sephisa chandra chandra ; Pinratana & Eliot,1996 : 91, pl.69, figs.174,♂,♀(f. chandrana). (Chiang Mai; Chiang Rai)
Sephisa chandra chandra ; Ek-Amnuay,[2007] : 472, pl.210, figs.N187a♂,♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Dao; Wiang Pa Pao)
Sephisa chandra chandra ; Ek-Amnuay,2012 : 484, pl.220, figs.N371a♂,♀,♀(Un). (Chiang Dao; Wiang Pa Pao)
Sephisa chandra chandra ; S.Sophonviwatkul, C.Sunthornwiphat & T.Laola,2015- : Butterflies of Thailand, figs. (Chiang Mai; Phetchabun; Chaiyaphum) (accessed: 2023.04.27)
Sephisa chandra chandra ; Kimura et al.,2016 : 128, figs.♂,♂(Un),♂,♂(Un),♀,♀(Un). (Doi Pha Hom Pok; Chiang Dao; Doi Suthep; Doi Inthanon; Khun Lao; Bang Salock; Maethro)
[ LAOS ]
Sephisa chandra chandra ; Masui & Uehara,1997 : 6, pl.2, figs.3,♂,♂(Un). (Oudomxay)
Sephisa chandra chandra ; Osada, Uémura & Uehara,1999 : 208, pl.76, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Oudomxay)
Sephisa chandra chandra ; Onodera,2009b : 37, fig.29♂. (Xieng Kouang: Nam Noen)
Sephisa chandra chandra ; Nakamura & Wakahara,2012 : 47.
Sephisa chandra chandra ; Onodera,2022 : 49, pl.146, figs.♂,♂(Un). (Bolikhamxai: Lak Sao)
[ VIETNAM ]
Sephisa chandra chandra ; Metaye,1957 : 98. (N) (in part)
Sephisa chandra ; Monastyrskii & Devyatkin,2015 : 44. (N) (in part)
Sephisa chandra chandra ; Monastyrskii,2019 : 4(1):67-68, pl.7, figs.1a♂,1b♂(Un),1c♀,1d♀(Un). (N: Hoang Lien; Dong Van / C: Pu Mat; Bach Ma; Kon Ka Kinh; Chu Yang Sin)
Specimens Examined
[ THAILAND ]
Mae Hong Son : 1♂.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Chiang Rai : 1♂ (photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Chiang Mai : 15♂ 3♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Lampang : 3♂ (photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Phrae : 2♂.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Nan : 8♂ 2♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Uttaradit : 1♂ (photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Loei : 1♂ (photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Kamphaeng Phet : 1♂ (photo by S.Sophonviwatkul).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Tak : 11♂ 1♀.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Phetchabun : 2♂ 1♀ (incl. photo by T.Aoyama).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Chaiyaphum : 1♂ (photo).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
[ LAOS ]
Luang Phabang : 1♂ (photo by H.Onodera).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Oudomxai : 1♂ (photo by H.Onodera).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Bolikhamxai : 2♂ (incl. photo by H.Onodera).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
[ VIETNAM ]
Vinh Phuc : 1♂.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Notes
The butterfly is locally common in montane forests at low to high elevations (Alt. 450 - 1750m).
Males are territorial on canopies at hilltops, and often come to the banks of streams and puddles to suck water.
The male flight seems to be a kind of moth (Epistem sp., Agaristinae) and female looks like Erasmia sp., Zygaenidae.
I think it is mimic to these moths.
Literature
Moore, F.,[1858] : in: Horsfield & Moore, A catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company. Vol.1.
London, W.H. Allen and Co. v + 278 pp., 12 pls.
Evans, W.H.,1912 : A list of Indian butterflies.
J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 21(2):553-584, 21(3):969-1008.
Fruhstorfer, H.,1913 : 6. Familie: Nymphalidae in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9
697-704. (5.Aug.1913)
Chou, I. (ed.),1994 : Monographia Rhopalocerorum Sinensium.
2 vols., 854 pp. Henan Scientific and Technological Publishing House.
Masui, A. & Inomata, T.,1994 : Apaturinae of the World (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) 6.
Yadoriga 157:2-12. (in Japanese)
Lang, S.Y.,2009 : A Study on the systematics of Nymphalidae (excepting Satyrinae) from China (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea)
Beijing, P.R.China.
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| ♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
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| ♀, Phetchabun, Thailand. (photo by T.Aoyama) |
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| ♂, Uttaradit, Thailand. |
♂, Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
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| ♂ (territorial behavior), Chiang Mai, Thailand. |
A Check list of Butterflies in Indo-China, Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM. Copyright © 1996- Y.Inayoshi.
